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UGC NET Human Rights & Duties Syllabus 2026, Exam Pattern
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UGC NET Human Rights & Duties Syllabus 2026, Exam Pattern, Exam Date 2026
Detail Information about NTA UGC NET has published notification 2026 for the recruitment of Human Rights & Duties. Those Candidates who are Interested to the following vacancy and completed all Eligibility Criteria can read the Notification & Apply Online. In this page we provide the Complete Syllabus of this Recruitment with Latest Update Exam Pattern and the Exam Date also.
UGC NET Syllabus 2026 - Highlights
UGC NET Syllabus 2026 - Highlights
| Particulars | Details |
| Name of the Exam | UGC NET (University Grants Commission National Eligibility Test) |
| Conducting Authority | National Testing Agency (NTA) |
| Exam Level | National Level |
| Exam Frequency | Twice a year |
| Exam Mode | Online |
| Category | Syllabus and Exam Pattern |
| Language | Hindi and English |
| Purpose of the exam | Determine the eligibility of candidates for posts of only Assistant Professor or both Junior Research Fellowship (JRF) and Assistant Professor in Indian universities and colleges |
| Official Website | https://ntanet.nic.in |
NTA UGC NET Human Rights & Duties Syllabus 2026
Part I : Teaching/ research aptitude
Unit-I Teaching Aptitude
1. Teaching: Concept, Objectives, Levels of teaching (Memory, Understanding and Reflective), Characteristics and basic requirements.
2. Learner’s characteristics: Characteristics of adolescent and adult learners (Academic, Social, Emotional and Cognitive), Individual differences.
3. Factors affecting teaching related to: Teacher, Learner, Support material, Instructional facilities, Learning environment and Institution.
4. Methods of teaching in Institutions of higher learning: Teacher centred vs. Learner centred methods; Off-line vs. On-line methods (Swayam, Swayamprabha, MOOCs etc.).
5. Teaching Support System: Traditional, Modern and ICT based.
6. Evaluation Systems: Elements and Types of evaluation, Evaluation in Choice Based Credit System in Higher education, Computer based testing, Innovations in evaluation systems.
Unit-II Research Aptitude
1. Research: Meaning, Types, and Characteristics, Positivism and Postpositivistic approach to research.
2. Methods of Research: Experimental, Descriptive, Historical, Qualitative and Quantitative methods.
3. Steps of Research.
4. Thesis and Article writing: Format and styles of referencing.
5. Application of ICT in research.
6. Research ethics.
Unit-III Comprehension
A passage of text be given. Questions be asked from the passage to be answered.
Unit-IV Communication
1. Communication: Meaning, types and characteristics of communication.
2. Effective communication: Verbal and Non-verbal, Inter-Cultural and group communications, Classroom communication.
3. Barriers to effective communication.
4. Mass-Media and Society.
Unit-V Mathematical Reasoning and Aptitude
1. Types of reasoning.
2. Number series, Letter series, Codes and Relationships.
3. Mathematical Aptitude (Fraction, Time & Distance, Ratio, Proportion and Percentage, Profit and Loss, Interest and Discounting, Averages etc.).
Unit-VI Logical Reasoning
1. Understanding the structure of arguments: argument forms, structure of categorical propositions, Mood and Figure, Formal and Informal fallacies, Uses of language, Connotations and denotations of terms, Classical square of opposition.
2. Evaluating and distinguishing deductive and inductive reasoning.
3. Analogies.
4. Venn diagram: Simple and multiple use for establishing validity of arguments.
5. Indian Logic: Means of knowledge.
6. Pramanas: Pratyaksha (Perception), Anumana (Inference), Upamana (Comparison), Shabda (Verbal testimony), Arthapatti (Implication) and Anupalabddhi (Non-apprehension).
7. Structure and kinds of Anumana (inference), Vyapti (invariable relation), Hetvabhasas (fallacies of inference).
Unit-VII Data Interpretation
1. Sources, acquisition and classification of Data.
2. Quantitative and Qualitative Data.
3. Graphical representation (Bar-chart, Histograms, Pie-chart, Table-chart and Line-chart) and mapping of Data.
4. Data Interpretation.
5. Data and Governance.
Unit-VIII Information and Communication Technology (ICT)
1. ICT: General abbreviations and terminology.
2. Basics of Internet, Intranet, E-mail, Audio and Video-conferencing.
3. Digital initiatives in higher education.
4. ICT and Governance.
Unit-IX People, Development and Environment
1. Development and environment: Millennium development and Sustainable development goals.
2. Human and environment interaction: Anthropogenic activities and their impacts on environment.
3. Environmental issues: Local, Regional and Global; Air pollution, Water pollution, Soil pollution, Noise pollution, Waste (solid, liquid, biomedical, hazardous, electronic), Climate change and its Socio-Economic and Political dimensions.
4. Impacts of pollutants on human health.
5. Natural and energy resources: Solar, Wind, Soil, Hydro, Geothermal, Biomass, Nuclear and Forests.
6. Natural hazards and disasters: Mitigation strategies.
7. Environmental Protection Act (1986), National Action Plan on Climate Change, International agreements/efforts -Montreal Protocol, Rio Summit, Convention on Biodiversity, Kyoto Protocol, Paris Agreement, International Solar Alliance.
Unit-X Higher Education System
1. Institutions of higher learning and education in ancient India.
2. Evolution of higher learning and research in Post Independence India.
3. Oriental, Conventional and Non-conventional learning programmes in India.
4. Professional, Technical and Skill Based education.
5. Value education and environmental education.
6. Policies, Governance, and Administration.
Part II : Domain knowledge (Human Rights & Duties)
Unit-I : HUMAN RIGHTS AND DUTIES: CONCEPT AND NATURE
1. The Basic Concepts: Individual, Group, State, Non-State Actors, Civil Society, Liberty, Freedom, Equality, Rights, Justice; Human Values: Humanity, Compassion, Virtues, Human Dignity and Human Duties
2. Human rights as universal, inherent, inalienable rightsand moral rights; Universal human rights vs. Cultural Relativism, Naturalist-Positivists Debate
3. Indian Concepts: Raj Neeti, LokNeeti, DandaNeeti, Nyaya, Dharma
4. Different Generations of Human Rights
5. Liberal Perspective: Locke, Rousseau, Thomas Paine, J.S. Mill, Classical Liberalism, Neo-liberalism
6. Marxian Perspective: Marx, Gramsci, Rosa Luxemberg
7. Gandhian Perspective (Ruskin, Thoreau, Tolstoy): State, Power, Swaraj, Rights and Duties
8. Dalit Perspective: Phule, Narayna Guru, Ambedkar
9. Religious Perspectives
10. Feminist Perspective
Unit-II : ORIGIN AND EVOLUTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS AND INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS
1. Human Rights in Ancient Thoughts
2. Human Rights in Middle Ages, Magna Carta
3. Modern Movement of Human rights, Lockean Philosophy: Theory of Natural Rights, American Declaration of Independence, American Bill of Rights, The French Revolution and its goals of Liberty, Equality and Fraternity, Marxist Revolutions, Anti-Colonial Movements, Freedom Movement in India
4. International Standard Setting—Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948)
5. Impact of the UDHR on the Constitutions of the ‘New’ States
6. International Standards: UN Sponsored or’ Core’ International Conventions on Human Rights: International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR), International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural 7. Rights (ICESCR), Convention on the Elimination of ALL Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW), Convention against Torture, Rights of Child Convention, Convention on the Rights of Migrant workers, 8. Convention against Racial Discrimination (CRD), Convention on Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD)
9. State Responsibility for Protection of Human Rights: The Concept of the “Responsibility to Protect”
10. Vienna Declaration on Human Rights 1993
11. Helsinki Declaration
12. ASEAN Declaration
Unit-III : SOCIETY, ECONOMY, POLITY, RELIGION AND CULTURE—THEIR INTERRELATIONSHIP
1. Impact of Social Structure on Human Behaviour; Role of Socializations inhuman Values, Human Rights and Duties
2. Science and Technology, Modernization, Globalization and Dehumanization
3. Social Stratification: Racial and Caste Prejudice and Discrimination; Human Rights Issues of Weaker Sections and Ethnic Minorities
4. Women: Gender Discrimination, Domestic Violence and Offences against Women; Gender Sensitive Laws
5. Children: Child Abuse, Child Labour, Street Children
6. Social Structure and Social Problems: Social and Communal Conflicts and Social Harmony
7. Rural Poverty, Unemployment, Bonded Labour, Modern Forms of Slavery
8. Urban Poverty, Slums, Lack of Basic Civil Amenities, Sex Workers
9. Rights of Refugees, Rights of Indigenous People, Aged Persons, Migrant Workers and Human Rights Violations, Human Rights of Persons with Disabilities (PwDs) under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016Rights of Displaced Persons
10. Challenges in Human Rights: Religious Fundamentalism, Terrorism, Underdevelopment, Human trafficking International Crimes
Unit IV : STATE AND INDIVIDUAL LIBERTY
1. The Changing Nature of State with Special Reference to the Developing Countries
2. Soft State, Interventionist State, Welfare State, Repressive State
3. Political Regimes and Human Rights
4. Impact of Science and Technology on Human Rights and Duties
5. Human Rights and International Politics: Emergence of a New Global Order— Tehran Conference (1968)—Vienna Conference (1993)
6. International Humanitarian Law: 1949 Geneva Conventions and Additional Protocols of 1977—International Red Cross Society
7. International Criminal Tribunals (Rwanda and Former Yugoslavia) and the International Criminal Court (ICC)
8. International Intervention: The Question of Nation-State, Citizenship and Sovereignty
9. Right of Self-Determination: Autonomous Movements, Secessionist Movements
10. Grassroots Movements and Human Rights
Unit-V : UN AND VARIOUSAGENCIES, INTERGOVERNMENTAL (IGOs) AND NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS (INGOs)
1. UN: Establishment, Objectives, and the Charter Provisions
2. UN Principal Organs: General Assembly, Economic and Social Council, Security Council
3. Subsidiary Organ: Human Rights Council
4. The Human Rights Council Advisory Committee
5. Specialized Agencies: UNICEF, UNESCO, ILO, WHO
6. INGOs such as the International Commission of Jurists (ICJ), Amnesty International (AI), Human Rights Watch, Greenpeace
7. People’s Union for Civil Liberties (PUCL), People’s Union for Democratic Rights (PUDR) and Other Civil and Democratic Rights Organizations in India
8. UN High Commission for Refugees (UNHCR)
9. UN Commission on the Status of Women
10. UN High Commissioner for Human Rights
Unit-VI : GROWTH MODELS AND HUMAN RIGHTS
1. Models of Development: Growth Approach, Basic Needs Approach, Sustainable Human Development, Rio Declaration on Environment and Development, 1992, Rio +20, Conservation of Natural Resources, Agenda 21, Bio-Diversity Convention 1992
2. Globalization and Human Rights: Dynamics of Globalization, Emergence of Market Forces, Assertion of Civil Society, Retreat of State, Privatization, Liberalization
3. Emergence of Information Age
4. Economic Growth Strategies (Developing Countries): Implications for Poverty Eradication, Employment issues, Planned Development and Social Inequality
5. World Trade Organization: Implication for Human Rights, Impact on Developing Countries with special reference to India
6. Intellectual Property Rights: Patents Law, Trade Related Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS), Trade Related Investment Measures (TRIMS),General Agreement on Trade and Services (GATS), Agreement On Agriculture (AOA)
7. Transnational Corporations (TNCs) and Human Rights Situation in Developing Countries
8. Right to Development: The Third World Concerns, Working Group
9. Recommendations, UNDP—initiatives, UN Declaration on the Right to development
10. State and Development of the Marginalized/Disadvantaged Groups in India: The Poor, the Unemployed and the Socially Dislocated People
11. Workers‟ Rights, Minimum Wages Act—Problems of Implementation, Right to Security of Food, Health, Education
Unit-VII : DEVELOPMENT, UNDERDEVELOPMENT AND SOCIAL ACTION
1. Need for Collective Action in Developing Societies and Methods of Social Action
2. Land, Water and Forest Issues with special reference to India
3. Social Movements: Political, Social and Religious Reform
4. National Commission for Women, Children, Minorities, Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes
5. Backward Class, Dalit and Women Movements
6. Agrarian and Peasant Movements
7. Right to a Healthy Environment
8. Principle of Sustainable Development
9. Ecological and Environment Movements
10. Civil Societies and NGOs, NGOs of India
Unit-VIII : HUMAN RIGHTS AND INDIAN CONSTITUTION
1. Indian Civilization: Change and Continuity.
2. Indian Constitution: Freedom Movement
3. Indian Constitution: Sociological Foundation
4. Constitutional Vision of Role of the State
5. Constitutional Vision of Freedom: Fundamental Rights and the International standards
6. Constitutional Vision of Justice: Directive Principles of State Policy and international standards
7. Public Interest Litigation (PIL), Indian Judiciary and Human Rights
8. Judicial Interpretations: Landmark Judgments Fundamental Duties
9. Constitutional Amendments
10. Fundamental Duties
Unit-IX : CONSTITUTIONAL GOVERNANCE
1. Rule of law, Good Governance
2. Constitutional Organs: Inter-and intra-Relationships/Conflict and Cooperation.
3. Fundamental Rights and Repressive Laws: Preventive Detention and Anti Terrorist Legislations, Armed Forces Special Power Act
4. Imposition of National Emergency: The Societal Experience.
5. The Criminal Justice System: Crime, Punishment and Human Rights with Special Reference to IPC & Cr. P.C. and Indian Evidence Act
6. Economic, Social and Cultural Rights: The Directive Principles of State Policy: The Question of Effectiveness and Enforcement; their relationship with Fundamental Rights
7. Legislation for the Weaker Sections: The Questions of Enforcement
8. Law Enforcing Agencies: Police, Military and Para-Military Forces—Emerging Experience
9. Human Rights Enforcement: The Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993, NHRC, State Human Rights Commissions, Human Rights Courts
10. Human Rights Education: Problems and Prospects
Unit-X : INTERNATINAL ENFORCEMENT OF HUMAN RIGHTS
1. Treaty Bodies under the „Core‟ Human Rights Conventions: General Overview
2. “Universal Periodic Review” and “Special Procedures”
3. Human Rights Committee (HRC)
4. Committee on Economic and Social Rights (CESCR)
5. Committee on Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women(CEDAW)
6. European Court of Human Rights (ECHR)
7. Inter-American Commission on Human Rights
8. Inter-American Court of Human Rights
9. African Commission on Human and Peoples‟ Rights
10. African Court of Justice and Human rights 2008
NET Human Rights & Duties Exam Pattrern 2026
Duration : 03 hours (180 minutes)
|
Part
|
Subject | No. of Question | Marks |
| Part I | Teaching/ research aptitude of the candidate. It will primarily be designed to test reasoning ability, reading comprehension, divergent thinking and general awareness |
50 | 100 |
| Part II | Domain knowledge (Human Rights & Duties) | 100 | 200 |
| Total | 150 | 300 |
UGC NET Exam Date 2026 : Notified Soon
Starting Date of Application Form : Last week of April 2026
Last Date of Application Form : May 2026
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NTA UGC NET Human Rights & Duties 2026 Exam Syllabus Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ's)
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