Download AppGovt. JobsFree G.K. & Current AffairsScholarshipBlog
Free PracticeContact
📚 Exam by Category
▾
📰 FREE Current Affairs, GK & Quiz
📅 Upcoming Exams
🏦 Bank Exams 2026
🚆 Railway Exams
📍 State wise jobs
🎓 Teaching Exams
🏛 NTA UGC NET Exams
🔬 Medical Exams
⚙ Engineering Exams
📋 SSC Exams 2026
🛡 Police Exams
📚 State Wise General Knowledge
📰 States Current Affairs
🌾 ICAR AIEEA 2026
📝 SET Exams
🛠 Trade Apprentice Exams
⚕ Nursing Exams & Staff Nurse Vacancy
🛡 Defence Exams
🔧 ESE Exams 2026
🔬 CSIR UGC NET Exams
⚖ Law and Bare Acts
🔬 IIT JAM 2027
🚂 GATE 2027 Exams
💊 Pharmacy and Paramedicals Exams
🐾 Veterinary Sciences Exams
🏛 UPSC & State PSC Exams
⚖ Law and Judiciary Exam
🏢 Insurance Exams
Question Bank

CMD LSGD Kerala Environmental Engineer Exam - English

Duration: 120 · Questions: 100 · Max Marks: 100 · Language: 1

View CMD LSGD Kerala Environmental Engineer 2026 Exam Page

Concerned Subject (Environment)

1
The unidirectional flow of energy in an ecosystem is governed by the law of?
  1. A.Conservation of matter
  2. B.Limiting factors
  3. C.Reciprocity
  4. D.Thermodynamics
2
According to Lindeman’s 10% rule, the energy transferred from one trophic level to the next is approximately?
  1. A.1%
  2. B.10%
  3. C.50%
  4. D.90%
3
Which pyramid is always upright and never inverted in any ecosystem?
  1. A.Pyramid of numbers
  2. B.Pyramid of energy
  3. C.Pyramid of biomass
  4. D.Pyramid of productivity
4
In a grassland ecosystem, the pyramid of numbers is typically?
  1. A.Inverted
  2. B.Spindle-shaped
  3. C.Upright
  4. D.Bell-shaped
5
The interconnected network of food chains in an ecosystem is called?
  1. A.Food cycle
  2. B.Energy web
  3. C.Trophic chain
  4. D.Food web
6
The stage in ecological succession where the community becomes stable and self-perpetuating is called?
  1. A.Climax stage
  2. B.Seral stage
  3. C.Pioneer stage
  4. D.Transitional stage
7
Primary succession usually begins on?
  1. A.Abandoned agricultural land
  2. B.Bare rock or newly formed pond bottom
  3. C.Burned forest area
  4. D.Flooded river bank
8
The first organisms to colonize bare rock in lithosere succession are?
  1. A.Lichens
  2. B.Mosses
  3. C.Ferns
  4. D.Grasses
9
The replacement of one community by another in an orderly sequence over time is known as?
  1. A.Ecological evolution
  2. B.Population succession
  3. C.Ecological succession
  4. D.Community migration
10
Which of the following is a density-independent factor affecting population size?
  1. A.Natural disaster like flood
  2. B.Parasitism
  3. C.Competition for food
  4. D.Predation
11
The maximum growth rate of a population under ideal conditions is called?
  1. A.Carrying capacity
  2. B.Biotic potential
  3. C.Environmental resistance
  4. D.Logistic growth
12
The sigmoid growth curve of a population is described by which model?
  1. A.Exponential growth model
  2. B.Geometric growth model
  3. C.Logistic growth model
  4. D.J-shaped growth model
13
Mutualism is a type of interaction where?
  1. A.Both species are harmed
  2. B.Both species benefit
  3. C.One species benefits and the other is unaffected
  4. D.One species benefits at the expense of the other
14
The interaction where one organism kills and eats another is called?
  1. A.Parasitism
  2. B.Commensalism
  3. C.Predation
  4. D.Amensalism
15
Amensalism is an interaction in which?
  1. A.One benefits and one is harmed
  2. B.Both are inhibited
  3. C.Both benefit
  4. D.One organism is inhibited and the other is unaffected
16
The species diversity of a community is best measured by?
  1. A.Shannon-Wiener index
  2. B.Only species richness
  3. C.Only species evenness
  4. D.Simpson’s dominance index
17
Simpson’s index gives more importance to?
  1. A.Rare species
  2. B.Total number of individuals
  3. C.Evenness
  4. D.Dominant species
18
Endemic species are those that are?
  1. A.Found only in one geographic area
  2. B.Found worldwide
  3. C.Migratory species
  4. D.Introduced species
19
Hotspots of biodiversity are regions with?
  1. A.High endemism and high threat
  2. B.Low species richness
  3. C.Only introduced species
  4. D.Only marine species
20
The landscape approach in biodiversity conservation focuses on?
  1. A.Single protected area management
  2. B.Species-specific breeding programs
  3. C.Only ex-situ conservation
  4. D.Connectivity and large-scale habitat management
21
Wildlife corridors are created mainly to?
  1. A.Increase hunting zones
  2. B.Reduce human-wildlife conflict
  3. C.Facilitate gene flow and movement between fragmented habitats
  4. D.Promote tourism only
22
Habitat fragmentation leads to?
  1. A.Increase in biodiversity
  2. B.Higher carrying capacity
  3. C.Edge effect and isolation of populations
  4. D.Faster succession
23
The term “keystone species” refers to a species that?
  1. A.Has the largest population
  2. B.Is always a producer
  3. C.Is always a predator
  4. D.Disproportionately affects the ecosystem when removed
24
An example of a keystone species is?
  1. A.Common grass in a field
  2. B.Elephant in African savanna
  3. C.Most insect species
  4. D.Most birds in a forest
25
Decomposers in an ecosystem are mainly responsible for?
  1. A.Primary production
  2. B.Recycling of nutrients
  3. C.Energy capture
  4. D.Predation
26
The ecological niche of an organism includes?
  1. A.Its role, habitat, and interactions
  2. B.Only its habitat
  3. C.Only its trophic level
  4. D.Only its geographic range
27
Competitive exclusion principle states that?
  1. A.Two species can occupy the same niche indefinitely
  2. B.Two species with identical niches cannot coexist indefinitely
  3. C.Predators always exclude prey
  4. D.Mutualism excludes competition
28
Resource partitioning allows species to?
  1. A.Compete more intensely
  2. B.Coexist by using different resources or niches
  3. C.Become keystone species
  4. D.Reduce biodiversity
29
The carrying capacity (K) in logistic growth is determined by?
  1. A.Environmental resources and limiting factors
  2. B.Birth rate only
  3. C.Death rate only
  4. D.Migration rate
30
Algal bloom followed by oxygen depletion is an example of?
  1. A.Oligotrophy
  2. B.Eutrophication
  3. C.Succession
  4. D.Bioaccumulation
31
The alpha diversity refers to?
  1. A.Regional diversity
  2. B.Diversity between habitats
  3. C.Diversity within a habitat
  4. D.Global diversity
32
Beta diversity measures?
  1. A.Dominance in one habitat
  2. B.Total species in a landscape
  3. C.Evenness in one community
  4. D.Species turnover between habitats
33
Gamma diversity represents?
  1. A.Local diversity
  2. B.Global diversity
  3. C.Landscape or regional diversity
  4. D.Alpha diversity only
34
In situ conservation includes?
  1. A.Botanical gardens
  2. B.Gene banks
  3. C.Protected areas and national parks
  4. D.Zoological parks
35
Ex situ conservation includes?
  1. A.Wildlife sanctuaries
  2. B.Seed banks and captive breeding
  3. C.Biosphere reserves
  4. D.Community reserves
36
The main objective of biosphere reserves is?
  1. A.Strict protection only
  2. B.Commercial exploitation
  3. C.Tourism development only
  4. D.Conservation, sustainable use, and research
37
Which of the following is a density-dependent factor?
  1. A.Earthquake
  2. B.Drought
  3. C.Forest fire
  4. D.Disease outbreak in dense population
38
The type of succession occurring on a newly formed volcanic island is?
  1. A.Secondary succession
  2. B.Autogenic succession
  3. C.Allogenic succession
  4. D.Primary succession
39
In hydrosere succession, the climax community is usually?
  1. A.Forest
  2. B.Marsh
  3. C.Meadow
  4. D.Pond
40
The term “ecotone” refers to?
  1. A.The core area of a community
  2. B.The transition zone between two communities
  3. C.The climax community
  4. D.The pioneer community
41
Edge effect in ecotones usually leads to?
  1. A.Decreased biodiversity
  2. B.Extinction of species
  3. C.No change in biodiversity
  4. D.Increased biodiversity
42
The species that appear first and modify the environment for later species are called?
  1. A.Keystone species
  2. B.Pioneer species
  3. C.Indicator species
  4. D.Climax species
43
The concept of “food chain” was first introduced by?
  1. A.Charles Elton
  2. B.Eugene Odum
  3. C.Robert May
  4. D.G. Evelyn Hutchinson
44
Eltonian pyramid is also known as?
  1. A.Pyramid of numbers
  2. B.Pyramid of energy
  3. C.Pyramid of biomass
  4. D.Pyramid of productivity
45
In a parasitic food chain, the energy flow starts from?
  1. A.Host
  2. B.Producer
  3. C.Parasite
  4. D.Hyperparasite
46
The term “trophic cascade” refers to?
  1. A.Direct effect of one trophic level on another
  2. B.Energy loss only
  3. C.Indirect effect propagating through food web
  4. D.Nutrient cycling
47
Top-down control in ecosystems is exerted by?
  1. A.Producers
  2. B.Predators
  3. C.Herbivores
  4. D.Decomposers
48
Bottom-up control in ecosystems is primarily driven by?
  1. A.Predators
  2. B.Resource availability
  3. C.Parasites
  4. D.Mutualists
49
The index used to measure species evenness along with richness is?
  1. A.Simpson’s index
  2. B.Shannon-Wiener index
  3. C.Menhinick’s index
  4. D.Margalef’s index
50
High value of Simpson’s index indicates?
  1. A.High diversity
  2. B.High richness
  3. C.High evenness
  4. D.High dominance
51
The Red Data Book is maintained for?
  1. A.Threatened species
  2. B.Economic plants
  3. C.Invasive species
  4. D.Keystone species
52
The IUCN category for species facing very high risk of extinction in the wild is?
  1. A.Critically Endangered
  2. B.Endangered
  3. C.Vulnerable
  4. D.Near Threatened
53
The main cause of biodiversity loss at present is?
  1. A.Overexploitation
  2. B.Pollution
  3. C.Climate change
  4. D.Habitat loss and fragmentation
54
The “tragedy of the commons” concept was given by?
  1. A.Garrett Hardin
  2. B.Aldo Leopold
  3. C.Rachel Carson
  4. D.E.O. Wilson
55
Which of the following is an example of mutualism?
  1. A.Lion and hyena
  2. B.Cuckoo and crow
  3. C.Rhizobium and legume
  4. D.Tapeworm and human
56
Commensalism is best illustrated by?
  1. A.Parasite and host
  2. B.Lichen and algae
  3. C.Predator and prey
  4. D.Cattle egret and grazing cattle
57
The interaction where one species is harmed and the other benefits is?
  1. A.Mutualism
  2. B.Commensalism
  3. C.Parasitism
  4. D.Amensalism
58
Allelopathy is an example of?
  1. A.Amensalism
  2. B.Mutualism
  3. C.Commensalism
  4. D.Predation
59
The concept of “island biogeography” was proposed by?
  1. A.MacArthur and Wilson
  2. B.Elton
  3. C.Odum
  4. D.Lindeman
60
According to island biogeography theory, species richness on islands depends on?
  1. A.Only latitude
  2. B.Only island size
  3. C.Only distance from mainland
  4. D.Island size and distance from mainland
61
Larger islands tend to have?
  1. A.Fewer species
  2. B.Same species as small islands
  3. C.More species
  4. D.No species
62
Closer islands to the mainland have?
  1. A.More species
  2. B.Fewer species
  3. C.Less immigration
  4. D.More extinction
63
The term “biodiversity hotspot” was coined by?
  1. A.Norman Myers
  2. B.E.O. Wilson
  3. C.IUCN
  4. D.WWF
64
Western Ghats and Sri Lanka is one of the?
  1. A.Ramsar sites
  2. B.Biodiversity hotspots
  3. C.Biosphere reserves
  4. D.National parks
65
The main goal of corridor conservation is to?
  1. A.Increase hunting
  2. B.Promote agriculture
  3. C.Reduce habitat fragmentation
  4. D.Increase urbanization
66
Metapopulation refers to?
  1. A.Single large population
  2. B.Introduced population
  3. C.Extinct population
  4. D.Group of spatially separated populations with some exchange
67
Source-sink dynamics occur in?
  1. A.Metapopulations
  2. B.Keystone communities
  3. C.Pioneer communities
  4. D.Climax communities
68
The species which indicate the environmental condition of a habitat are called?
  1. A.Indicator species
  2. B.Keystone species
  3. C.Flagship species
  4. D.Umbrella species
69
Flagship species are used mainly for?
  1. A.Scientific research
  2. B.Nutrient cycling
  3. C.Public awareness and fundraising
  4. D.Primary production
70
Umbrella species conservation protects?
  1. A.Only that species
  2. B.Many other species sharing the same habitat
  3. C.Only plants
  4. D.Only aquatic species

General Awareness, Aptitude & Reasoning & English Language

1
Early inhabitants of Kerala belonged to the last phase of .......
  1. A.Middle Stone Age
  2. B.Early Stone Age
  3. C.Iron Age
  4. D.Copper  Age
2
The first  recorded history of Kerala seems inside the inscriptions of ....
  1. A.Bindusara
  2. B.Ashoka
  3. C.Pulkesin
  4. D.Copper Age
3
I go to Madurai by —– Vaigai Express
  1. A.a
  2. B.an
  3. C.some
  4. D.the
4
Have the car stolen!
  1. A.Steal the car
  2. B.You should have the stolen car
  3. C.Get someone to steal the car
  4. D.They have stolen the car
5
The Finance Department has ……………a centralized online databank system for all statutory government bodies to …………an eye on their assets and liabilities.
  1. A. presented , stay
  2. B.introduced , keep
  3. C.announce , make
  4. D.created , let
  5. E.proclaimed , hold
6
Assets
  1. A.liabilities
  2. B.responsibilities
  3. C.estates
  4. D.profits
7
Affidavit
  1. A. Affirmation
  2. B.Slander
  3. C.Oath
  4. D.Testimony
8
How many such pairs of letters are there in the word ‘CLEANLINESS’ each of the which has as many letters between them in the word as they have in the English alphabet, in the same sequence?
  1. A.Two
  2. B.Three
  3. C.Five
  4. D.Four
  5. E.None of these
9
Team A has scored more goals than Team B
Team C has scored fewer goals than Team B
Team A has scored fewer goals than Team C .
If the first two statements are true, the third statement is
  1. A.True
  2. B.False
  3. C.Uncertain
  4. D.None
10
If it is possible to make only one meaningful word with the second, the third, the sixth and the eight letters of the word FRAGMENT using each only once, which of the following will be the third letter of that word ? If no such word can be formed, give ‘X’ as the answer and if more than one such word can be formed, give ‘Y’ as the answer.
  1. A.A
  2. B.E
  3. C.T
  4. D.X
  5. E.Y
11
How many such letters are there in the word ORIENTAL each of which is as far away from the beginning of the word as when they are arranged alphabetically?
  1. A.None            
  2. B.One         
  3. C.Two       
  4. D.Three        
  5. E.More than three
12
How many such pairs of letters in the word CREDIT each of which has as many letters between them in the word as in the English alphabet?
  1. A.None
  2. B.One
  3. C.Two
  4. D.Three
  5. E.More than three
13
Which letter in this alphabet is the eighth letter to the right of the letter and which is tenth letter to the left of the last but one letter of the alphabet ?
  1. A.X
  2. B.W
  3. C.I
  4. D.H
14
If the third alphabet of each of the words is changed to the next alphabet in the English alphabetical series, which of the following will form a meaningful English word?
  1. A.SUM
  2. B.BIG
  3. C.Both BIG and THE
  4. D.FOR
  5. E.Both FOR and BIG
15
If the given words are arranged in the order as they would appear in a dictionary from left to right, which of the following will be second from the right ?
  1. A.AND
  2. B.FOR
  3. C.THE
  4. D.BIG
  5. E.SUM
16
If second alphabet in each of the words is changed to next alphabet in the English alphabetical order, how many words having two vowels (same or different vowels) will be formed ?
  1. A.None
  2. B.One
  3. C.Two
  4. D.Three
  5. E.Four
17
How many letters are there in the English alphabetical series between the second letter of the word which is second from the right and the second letter of the word which is second from the left of the given words?
  1. A.Two
  2. B.Five
  3. C.Six
  4. D.Nine
  5. E.Three
18
The cash difference between the selling prices of an article at a profit of 4% and 6% is Rs. 3. The ratio of the two selling prices is:__________ ?
  1. A.51:52
  2. B.52:53
  3. C.51:53
  4. D.52:55
19
Which of the following numbers is irrational ?
  1. A.√49
  2. B.0.125
  3. C.√2
  4. D.22/7
20
356 x 936 – 356 x 836 = ?
  1. A.35600  
  2. B.34500
  3. C.9630
  4. D.93600
21
Arrange in descending order: 5/8, 7/10, 3/4
  1. A.3/4 > 7/10 > 5/8
  2. B.7/10 > 3/4 > 5/8
  3. C.3/4 > 5/8 > 7/10
  4. D.5/8 > 7/10 > 3/4
22
What is (3^{4} times 9^{2}) ?
  1. A.36
  2. B.38
  3. C.310
  4. D.96
     
23
Chemistry but not in Physics.
  1. A.318
  2. B.198
  3. C.213 
  4. D.206
24
Physics or Maths but not in Chemistry.
  1. A.558   
  2. B.718
  3. C.628  
  4. D.None of these
25
What is the percentage of persons who read all the three papers ?
  1. A.20%  
  2. B.25%
  3. C.30%  
  4. D.40%
26
What is the percentage of persons who read only two papers?
  1. A.19%  
  2. B.31%
  3. C.44%
  4. D.None of these
27
What is the percentage of persons who read only one paper ?
  1. A.38% 
  2. B.48%
  3. C.51%  
  4. D.None of these
28
When was the Constituent Assembly of India formed?
  1. A.1946
  2. B.1947
  3. C.1948
  4. D.1950
29
Who among the following was associated with Enlightenment philosophy?
  1. A.Voltaire
  2. B.Shakespeare
  3. C.Erasmus
  4. D.All of the above
30
Which country adopted the euro as its official currency on January 1, 2026, becoming the 21st member of the eurozone?
  1. A.Romania
  2. B.Bulgaria
  3. C.Croatia
  4. D.Sweden