The payment was collected by the hardworking salesman.
A
The hardworking salesman collected the payment.
B
the salesman who worked heard was able to collect the payment.
C
to collect the payment the salesman had to work hard.
D
The hardworking salesman was able to collect the payment.
Question 4Single Answer
I had to stop all my work to complete this project.
A
All other work had to be stopped to complete this project by me
B
For completing this project all other work must be stopped
C
For completing this project I had to stop all my work
D
To complete this project all other work had been stopped by me
Question 5Single Answer
They have published the names of all the successful candidates.
A
The candidates who have succeeded their names they had published.
B
The names of all the successful candidates have been published by them
C
The candidates who have succeeded their names have been published by them.
D
The names of all the successful candidate were published by them.
Question 6Single Answer
The online shopping site lowered the prices.
A
Lowering of the prices was done by the online shopping site
B
The prices were lowered by the online shopping site
C
The prices had been lowered by the online shopping site
D
The prices have been lowered by the online shopping site
Question 7Single Answer
Who taught you to drive a truck ?
A
To drive a truck by whom were you taught?
B
Driving a truck by who were you taught?
C
Driving a truck by who were you being taught?
D
By whom were you taught to drive a truck?
Question 8Single Answer
We shall invite Suresh.
A
Suresh would be invited by us
B
Suresh would have been invited by us
C
Suresh will be invited by us
D
Suresh will have been invited by us
Question 9Single Answer
Dark clouds have overcast the evening sky.
A
By the dark clouds the evening sky was overcast.
B
The evening sky has been overcast by the dark clouds.
C
Dark clouds overcastted the evening sky.
D
The sky of the evening was overcasted by dark clouds.
Question 10Single Answer
The partners will celebrate their triumph tomorrow.
A
The triumph would be celebrated by the partners a day before
B
The triumph would be celebrated by the partners a day after
C
The triumph would have been celebrated by the partners a day after
D
The triumph will have been celebrated by the partners tomorrow
Question 11Single Answer
Passage :
In the following question, out of the four alternatives, select the alternative which best expresses the meaning of the idiom/phrase.
To sleep with the fishes
A
Always be in a dream world
B
To make absurd excuses
C
To sleep peacefully
D
To be dead
Question 12Single Answer
Passage :
In the following question, out of the four alternatives, select the alternative which best expresses the meaning of the idiom/phrase.
To free someone or something form a constraint or difficulty.
A
To exterminate
B
To expurgate
C
To intricate
D
To extricate
Question 13Single Answer
Passage :
In the following question, out of the four alternatives, select the alternative which best expresses the meaning of the idiom/phrase.
Liquids forming a homogeneous mixture when added together
A
Irascible
B
Crucible
C
Miscible
D
Risible
Question 14Single Answer
Passage :
In the following question, out of the four alternatives, select the alternative which best expresses the meaning of the idiom/phrase.
Shooting fish in a barrel
A
To do random acts of stupidity
B
To behave in a cruel manner
C
Ridiculously easy
D
To escape through a narrow opening
Question 15Single Answer
Passage :
In the following question, out of the four alternatives, select the alternative which best expresses the meaning of the idiom/phrase.
What does the phrase ‘knew no bounds’ mean ?
A
was bounded by
B
was limitless
C
was limited
D
was bound to
Question 16Single Answer
Passage :
In the following question, out of the four alternatives, select the alternative which best expresses the meaning of the idiom/phrase.
“There are more cyclists than pedestrians on the streets of Amsterdam”.
Choose the sentence which means the same as the above statement.
A
Pedestrians outnumber cyclists on the streets of Amsterdam
B
Cyclists are not as many is number as pedestrians
C
Walking is not as common as cycling is on the streets of Amsterdam
D
Cycling is not as common as walking is on the streets of Amsterdam
Question 17Single Answer
Passage :
In the following question, out of the four alternatives, select the alternative which best expresses the meaning of the idiom/phrase.
Use the appropriate idiom to complete the expression. You may go home early if you are
A
Feeling a bit under the weather
B
Hitting the nail on the head
C
Sitting on the fence
D
Adding insult to the injury
Question 18Single Answer
Passage :
In the following question, out of the four alternatives, select the alternative which best expresses the meaning of the idiom/phrase.
To bend over backwards
A
To accommodate every unreasonable request usually without getting anything back
B
Stepping away from an unpleasant situation
C
To make every effort to achieve something, especially to be fair or helpful
D
Submitting oneself completely to a higher authority
Question 19Single Answer
Passage :
In the following question, out of the four alternatives, select the alternative which best expresses the meaning of the idiom/phrase.
To declare invalid an official agreement, decision, or result.
A
To annul
B
To negate
C
To efface
D
To undo
Question 20Single Answer
Passage :
In the following question, out of the four alternatives, select the alternative which best expresses the meaning of the idiom/phrase.
Feeling or showing deep and solemn respect.
A
Pious
B
Reverent
C
Humble
D
Devout
General Awareness
Question 21Single Answer
Temperature can be expressed as derived quantity in terms of
A
length and mass
B
mass and time
C
length, mass and time
D
None of these
Question 22Single Answer
Electron volt is a unit of
A
potential difference
B
charge
C
energy
D
capacity
Question 23Single Answer
Which of the following is not a synthetic fibre:
A
Anygora
B
Rayon
C
Nylon
D
Polyster
Question 24Single Answer
Which one of the following is not contained in Portland cement ?
A
Ca3Al2O6
B
Ca3SiO5
C
Ca2SiO4
D
Ca3(PO4)2
Question 25Single Answer
Which of the following contain enzymes for cellular respiration ?
A
Dictyosomes
B
Endoplasmic reticulum
C
lysosomes
D
Mitochondria
Question 26Single Answer
Which one among the following nutrients is a strctural
A
Cell membrane
B
Plasma membrane
C
Cell wall
D
Nucleus
Question 27Single Answer
Which Delhi Sultan captured Qutub Minar while it was under construction?
A
Iltutmish
B
Alauddin Khalji
C
Qutub-ud-din Aibak
D
Muhammad Tughlaq
Question 28Single Answer
Where did the First Battle of Panipat take place?
A
Panipat
B
Delhi
C
Kurukshetra
D
Agra
Question 29Single Answer
"Who said, 'India was a parrot unto itself'?
A
Malik Muhammad Joyce
B
Raskhan
C
Rich Khusrow
D
Rich Hasan
Question 30Single Answer
What was the real name of Amir Khusro?
A
Muhammad Hasan
B
Muhammad Hussain
C
Muhammad Khusrow
D
Muhammad Mine
Question 31Single Answer
Which is the national game of Bhutan ?
A
badminton
B
basketball
C
football
D
archery
Question 32Single Answer
What is the national game of the United States of America ?
A
water polo
B
Rugby
C
Polo
D
baseball
Question 33Single Answer
When was the Constituent Assembly of India formed?
A
1946
B
1947
C
1948
D
1950
Question 34Single Answer
Who was the Chairman of the Drafting Committee of the Indian Constitution?
A
Dr. Rajendra Prasad
B
Dr. B.R. Ambedkar
C
Jawaharlal Nehru
D
Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
Question 35Single Answer
The idea of the Constituent Assembly was first put forward by:
A
Mahatma Gandhi
B
M.N. Roy
C
Jawaharlal Nehru
D
Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
Question 36Single Answer
Which country holds the BRICS Chairmanship in 2026?
A
Brazil
B
Russia
C
China
D
India
Question 37Single Answer
What is the theme of India’s BRICS Chairmanship 2026?
A
Inclusive Growth for All
B
Sustainable Global Economy
C
One Earth One Future
D
Building for Resilience, Innovation, Cooperation and Sustainability
Question 38Single Answer
Where was the BRICS Foreign Ministers' Meeting held in May 2026?
A
Mumbai
B
Hyderabad
C
Bengaluru
D
New Delhi
Question 39Single Answer
Which summit on Artificial Intelligence was hosted by India in February 2026?
A
World AI Congress
B
AI Action Summit
C
India AI Impact Summit 2026
D
Global AI Forum
Question 40Single Answer
Where was the India AI Impact Summit 2026 organized?
A
Pragati Maidan, Delhi
B
Vigyan Bhawan, New Delhi
C
Bharat Mandapam, New Delhi
D
Hyderabad International Convention Centre
Hindi Language
Question 41Single Answer
शुद्ध वर्तनी का चयन कीजिए
A
अधम्र
B
अध्रम
C
अधर्म
D
अध्रिम
Question 42Single Answer
शुद्ध वर्तनी का चयन कीजिए
A
स्थायि
B
स्थायी
C
स्थाई
D
स्थाइ
Question 43Single Answer
वर्तनी की दृष्टि से सही शब्द है?
A
महत्व
B
महतव
C
महत्तव
D
महतत्व
Question 44Single Answer
निम्नलिखित में से शुद्ध छांटिए?
A
आयुष्मान
B
आयुश्मान
C
आयुशमान
D
आयुश्यमान
Question 45Single Answer
शुद्ध शब्द नहीं हैं?
A
कवियत्री
B
कौसल्या
C
एश्वर्य
D
श्रृंगार
Question 46Single Answer
शुद्ध वर्तनी है -
A
पूज
B
पुजय
C
पूज्य
D
पुज्य
Question 47Single Answer
शुद्ध वर्तनी है -
A
अनुसरण
B
अनूशरणन
C
अनुशरण
D
अणुशर
Question 48Single Answer
किस क्रमांक में सभी शुद्ध हैं?
A
एक्य,साप्ताहिक
B
आजीविका,आशीर्वाद
C
आर्शिवाद ,अनूकूल
D
निरिक्षण ,कृपालु
Question 49Single Answer
'उज्वल' शब्द का शुद्ध रूप है ?
A
उज्जव
B
उज्ज्ल
C
उज्ज्वल
D
उजवल
Question 50Single Answer
निम्नलिखित प्रश्न में चार वैकल्पिक वर्तनियाॅ दी गई है?
A
जागृत
B
जाग्रति
C
जाग्रित
D
जाग्रत
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Hindi Language
Question 51Single Answer
निम्नलिखित प्रश्न में चार वैकल्पिक वर्तनियाॅ दी गई है?
A
उन्नति
B
उनति
C
उन्ती
D
उनती
Question 52Single Answer
निम्नलिखित प्रश्न मे चार वैकल्पिक वर्तनियाॅ दी गई है?
A
अनुशहरण
B
अनोसरण
C
अनुसरन
D
अनुसरण
Question 53Single Answer
'पृथ्वीराज रासो' किस काल की रचना है ?
A
आदिकाल
B
रीतिकाल
C
भक्तिकाल
D
आधुनिक काल
Question 54Single Answer
हिन्दी की उत्पत्ति किस भाषा से हुई है?
A
प्राकृत
B
संस्कृत
C
शौरसैनी अपभ्रंश
D
मागधी
Question 55Single Answer
राजभाषा आयोग के प्रथम अध्यक्ष थे ?
A
बी. जी. खरे
B
राजा लक्ष्मण सिंह
C
प्रताप नारायण मिश्र
D
इंशाअल्ला खा
Question 56Single Answer
निम्नलिखित बोलियों में से कौन - सी बोली उत्तर प्रदेश में नहीं बाली जाती?
A
मैथिली
B
अवधी
C
ब्रज
D
खड़ी बोली
Question 57Single Answer
भारत की प्रथम देशज भाषा कौन-सी है?
A
पालि
B
प्राकृत
C
संस्कृत
D
इसमें से कोई नहीं
Question 58Single Answer
भारतेन्दु ने किस पत्रिका का संपादन किया?
A
हिन्दी प्रदीप
B
इन्दु
C
कविवचन सुधा
D
भारतबन्धु
Question 59Single Answer
पूर्वी हिन्दी विकसित हुई है?
A
पैशाची अपभ्रंश
B
अर्धमागधी अपभ्रंश
C
शौरसैनी अपभ्रंश
D
मागधी अपभ्रंश
Question 60Single Answer
मानक हिन्दी का आधार क्या है?
A
खड़ी बोली
B
अपभ्रंश
C
पूर्वी हिन्दी
D
परिनिष्ठ हिन्दी
Reasoning
Question 61Single Answer
Passage :
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z .
Which letter in this alphabet is the eighth letter to the right of the letter and which is tenth letter to the left of the last but one letter of the alphabet ?
A
X
B
W
C
I
D
H
Question 62Single Answer
Passage :
Direction : The following question is based on the five words given below:
AND FOR THE BIG SUM (The new words formed after performing the mentioned operations may or may not necessarily the meaningful English words.)
If the third alphabet of each of the words is changed to the next alphabet in the English alphabetical series, which of the following will form a meaningful English word?
A
SUM
B
BIG
C
Both BIG and THE
D
FOR
E
Both FOR and BIG
Question 63Single Answer
Passage :
Direction : The following question is based on the five words given below:
AND FOR THE BIG SUM (The new words formed after performing the mentioned operations may or may not necessarily the meaningful English words.)
If the given words are arranged in the order as they would appear in a dictionary from left to right, which of the following will be second from the right ?
A
AND
B
FOR
C
THE
D
BIG
E
SUM
Question 64Single Answer
Passage :
Direction: The following question is based on the five words given below:
AND FOR THE BIG SUM (The new words formed after performing the mentioned operations may or may not necessarily the meaningful English words.)
If second alphabet in each of the words is changed to next alphabet in the English alphabetical order, how many words having two vowels (same or different vowels) will be formed ?
A
None
B
One
C
Two
D
Three
E
Four
Question 65Single Answer
Passage :
Direction : The following question is based on the five words given below:
AND FOR THE BIG SUM (The new words formed after performing the mentioned operations may or may not necessarily the meaningful English words.)
How many letters are there in the English alphabetical series between the second letter of the word which is second from the right and the second letter of the word which is second from the left of the given words?
A
Two
B
Five
C
Six
D
Nine
E
Three
Question 66Single Answer
Passage :
Direction: The following question is based on the five words given below:
AND FOR THE BIG SUM (The new words formed after performing the mentioned operations may or may not necessarily the meaningful English words.)
If in each of the given words, each of the consonant is changed to previous letter and each vowel is changed to next letter in the English alphabetical series, in how many words thus formed will no vowels appear?
A
None
B
One
C
Two
D
Three
E
More than three
Question 67Single Answer
Passage :
Direction : Following question is based on five words given below: BRU LEGINKCATOWN
(The new words formed after performing the mentioned operations may or may not necessarily be meaningful English words)
If the third alphabet in each of the words is changed to the next alphabet in the English alphabetical order, how many words having two vowels (same or different vowels) will be formed?
A
None
B
One
C
Two
D
Three
E
Four
Question 68Single Answer
Passage :
Direction : Following question is based on five words given below: BRU LEGINKCATOWN
(The new words formed after performing the mentioned operations may or may not necessarily be meaningful English words)
If the position of the first and the second alphabets of each of the words are interchanged, which of the following will form a meaningful English word?
A
Both CAT and OWN
B
Both BRU and INK
C
Only CAT
D
Only INK
E
Only LEG
Question 69Single Answer
Passage :
Direction: Following question is based on five words given below: BRU LEGINKCATOWN
(The new words formed after performing the mentioned operations may or may not necessarily be meaningful English words)
If the given words are arranged in the order as they would appear in a dictionary from left to right, which of the following will be exactly in the middle of the five words?
A
OWN
B
LEG
C
BRU
D
CAT
E
INK
Question 70Single Answer
Passage :
Direction: Following question is based on five words given below: BRU LEGINKCATOWN
(The new words formed after performing the mentioned operations may or may not necessarily be meaningful English words)
If in each of the given words, each of the consonants is changed to previous letter and each vowel is changed to next letter in the English alphabetical series, in how many words thus formed will the same alphabet appear twice?
A
None
B
One
C
Two
D
Three
E
More than three
Question 71Single Answer
Passage :
Find the missing number in the following series ?
3, 5, 5, 19, 7, 41, 9, ?
A
71
B
61
C
79
D
69
Question 72Single Answer
Passage :
Direction: following question is based on five words given below:
LAP BUT CAR SON HID
(The new words formed after performing the mentioned operations may or may not necessarily be meaningful English words.)
If the positions of the first and the third alphabets of each of the words are interchanged, which of the following would form meaningful words with the new arrangement?
A
HID
B
SON
C
Both LAP and BUT
D
CAR
E
Both CAR and LAP
Question 73Single Answer
Passage :
Direction: following question is based on five words given below:
LAP BUT CAR SON HID
(The new words formed after performing the mentioned operations may or may not necessarily be meaningful English words.)
If the given words are arranged in the order as they would appear in a dictionary from left to right, which of the following will be fourth from the left?
A
LAP
B
BUT
C
CAR
D
SON
E
HID
Question 74Single Answer
Passage :
Direction : following question is based on five words given below:
LAP BUT CAR SON HID
(The new words formed after performing the mentioned operations may or may not necessarily be meaningful English words.)
If in each of given words, each of the consonants is changed to previous letter and each vowel is changed to next letter in the English alphabetical series, in how many words thus formed will at least one vowel appear?
A
None
B
One
C
Two
D
Three
E
More than three
Question 75Single Answer
Passage :
Direction : following question is based on five words given below:
LAP BUT CAR SON HID
(The new words formed after performing the mentioned operations may or may not necessarily be meaningful English words.)
How many letters are there in the English alphabetical series between the third letter of the word which is third from the right and the first letter of the word which is first from the left of the given word?
A
Two
B
Five
C
Six
D
Nine
E
Three
Question 76Single Answer
Passage :
Direction: following question is based on five words given below:
LAP BUT CAR SON HID
(The new words formed after performing the mentioned operations may or may not necessarily be meaningful English words.)
If second alphabet in each of the words is changed to next alphabet in the English alphabetical order, how many words having no vowels will be formed?
A
None
B
One
C
Two
D
Three
E
More than three
Question 77Single Answer
Passage :
Direction: following letter is based on the five three letter words given below:
PIN ROD DEN SAT FUN
(Note: The words formed after performing the given operations may or may not be meaningful English words.)
If all the letters in each of the words are arranged alphabetically (within the word), how many words will remain unchanged?
A
One
B
Two
C
Three
D
More than three
E
None
Question 78Single Answer
Passage :
Direction: following letter is based on the five three letter words given below:
PIN ROD DEN SAT FUN (Note: The words formed after performing the given operations may or may not be meaningful English words.)
According to the English alphabetical series how many letters are there between the first letter of the third word and the first letter of the fifth word?
A
Two
B
One
C
None
D
Three
E
More than three
Question 79Single Answer
Passage :
Direction: following letter is based on the five three letter words given below:
PIN ROD DEN SAT FUN (Note: The words formed after performing the given operations may or may not be meaningful English words.)
If the first letter of all the words is changed to the previous letter of the English alphabetical series, how many words will have more than one vowel?
A
One
B
Two
C
Three
D
More than three
E
None
Question 80Single Answer
Passage :
Direction: following letter is based on the five three letter words given below:
PIN ROD DEN SAT FUN (Note: The words formed after performing the given operations may or may not be meaningful English words.)
If all the vowels (in all the words) are changed to the next letter of the English alphabetical series, how many words will form meaningful English words?
A
One
B
Two
C
Three
D
More than three
E
None
Quantitative Aptitude
Question 81Single Answer
The cash difference between the selling prices of an article at a profit of 4% and 6% is Rs. 3. The ratio of the two selling prices is:__________ ?
A
51:52
B
52:53
C
51:53
D
52:55
Question 82Single Answer
Which of the following numbers is irrational ?
A
√49
B
0.125
C
√2
D
22/7
Question 83Single Answer
356 x 936 – 356 x 836 = ?
A
35600
B
34500
C
9630
D
93600
Question 84Single Answer
Arrange in descending order: 5/8, 7/10, 3/4
A
3/4 > 7/10 > 5/8
B
7/10 > 3/4 > 5/8
C
3/4 > 5/8 > 7/10
D
5/8 > 7/10 > 3/4
Question 85Single Answer
What is (3^{4} times 9^{2}) ?
A
36
B
38
C
310
D
96
Question 86Single Answer
If 34X-2 = 729, then find the value of X.
A
4
B
3
C
2
D
5
Question 87Single Answer
Convert 0.6 into fraction ?
A
3/5
B
2/3
C
4/5
Question 88Single Answer
The no. plate of a bus had peculiarity. The bus number was a perfect square. It was also a perfect square when the plate numbers were reversed. The bus company had only five hundred buses numbered from 1 to 500. What was the number ?
A
169
B
36
C
196
D
Can not say
Question 89Single Answer
If a and b are positive integers, such that ab = 125, then (a-b)a+b-4 = ?
A
16
B
25
C
28
D
30
Question 90Single Answer
If x*y = x2 + y2 – xy, then value of 9*11 is
A
93
B
103
C
60.5
D
121
Question 91Single Answer
Which is greater ?
A
15/16
B
17/18
C
Equal
D
Cannot compare
Question 92Single Answer
If sum of two numbers is 42 and their product is 437, then find their difference.
A
3
B
4
C
5
D
7
Question 93Single Answer
Write the 44000 in Roman numerals
A
XLI
B
XLVI
C
XLIV
D
XLVIC
Question 94Single Answer
Convert 0.0909… into fraction ?
A
1/11
B
9/11
C
1/9
D
9/10
Question 95Single Answer
What is (98 times 102) ?
A
9996
B
10000
C
10096
D
10196
Question 96Single Answer
Which is smaller ?
A
9/11
B
7/9
C
Equal
D
Cannot compare
Question 97Single Answer
Convert 0.5777… into fraction ?
A
26/45
B
52/90
C
13/22
D
5/9
Question 98Single Answer
Convert 0.81 into fraction ?
A
81/100
B
9/10
C
8/9
D
9/11
Question 99Single Answer
(63)2 – (12)2 =?
A
3528
B
3852
C
3582
D
3825
Question 100Single Answer
Which is greater ?
A
13/17
B
11/14
C
Equal
D
Cannot compare
Sociology
Question 101Single Answer
Who was concerned, in his methodology, with ‘the way in which people grasp the consciousness of others while they live within their own stream of consciousness’?
A
M. Rogers
B
Alfred Shutz
C
J. Duglas
D
George Ritzer
Question 102Single Answer
Which one of the following approaches mainly focuses on ‘consciousness’ ?
A
Ethnomethodology
B
Comparative method
C
Phenomenology
D
Functionalism
Question 103Single Answer
According to whom ideology must be seen not merely as ‘false’ consciousness’ but as an important part of real social relations ?
A
Habermas
B
Althusser
C
Adorno
D
Giddens
Question 104Single Answer
Match the List-I with List-II and Select the correct answer from the codes given below the lists :
List-I List-II
(Concepts) (Thinkers)
(a) Exchange (i) Erving Goffman
(b) Dramaturgey (ii) P.M. Blau
(c) Inter subjectivity (iii) H. Garfinkel
(d) Indexicality (iv) Alfred Shutz
A
Codes :
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
B
(iii) (iv) (ii) (i)
C
(iv) (i) (iii) (ii)
D
(ii) (i) (iv) (iii)
Question 105Single Answer
Unlike Functionalism, neofunctionalism devotes roughly equal attention to which of the following ?
A
Action and Order
B
Action and Reaction
C
Beliefs and practices
D
Actor and Situation
Question 106Single Answer
Who have written the book, ‘The Social Construction of Reality’ ?
A
T. Luckmann and Reinhardt Bendix
B
Peter Berger and T. Luckmann
C
Ruth Benedict and Peter Berger
D
Reinhardt Bendix and Ruth Benedict
Question 107Single Answer
Who provides an account of ‘the role of common sense knowledge in the social construction of every day life and institution’?
A
Peter Berger
B
George Luca
C
Max Weber
D
Erving Goffman
Question 108Single Answer
Who is said to be the founder of the specialist approach of Ethnomethodology ?
A
Alfred Shutz
B
Harold Garfinkel
C
Erving Goffman
D
John K. Galbraith
Question 109Single Answer
Which term Althusser has used to convey the idea that major changes in society are complex and multiply ?
A
Multiplicity
B
Over determination
C
Contradiction
D
Reductionism
Question 110Single Answer
Who among the following can be classified as a ‘critical theorist’ ?
A
Alexander
B
Habermas
C
Althusser
D
Bourdieu
Question 111Single Answer
According to Alexander which one of the following is not the problem associated with structural functionalism that neofunctionalism needs to overcome ?
A
Anti-individualism
B
Conservatism
C
Idealism
D
Multi dimensionalism
Question 112Single Answer
According to Giddens ‘structure’ refers to :
A
Rules and Resources
B
Network of Social Relationships
C
A definite pattern
D
Norms and Values
Question 113Single Answer
Which of the following tribes were studied by Surajit Sinha?
(a) Bhumij
(b) Bhils
(c) Oriya
(d) Maria Gonds
Select the correct answer using the codes given below :-
A
(a) and (b)
B
(a) and (c)
C
(a) and (d)
D
All of thes
Question 114Single Answer
Which of the following tribes is metrilocal and matrilineal ?
A
Kadar
B
Toda
C
Khasi
D
Mizo
Question 115Single Answer
Match List-I with List-II :
List-I List-II
(Thinkers) (Concepts)
(a) Foucault (i) Structuration
(b) Habermas (ii) Logocentrism
(c) Giddens (iii) Public Sphere
(d) Derrida (iv) Panoption
Select the correct answer from the codes given below :
A
Codes :
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(iii) (ii) (i) (iv)
B
(iv) (iii) (i) (ii)
C
(i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
D
(i) (iii) (ii) (iv)
Question 116Single Answer
An important aspect of Giddens’ structuration theory that gives dynamism to modernity is :
A
Modern Institutions
B
Life World
C
Time and Space distanciation
D
Self identity
Question 117Single Answer
Which article provides for assistance to the states for the implementation of provisions of the Constitution of India, meant for the Welfare of the SCs and the STs ?
A
275
B
238
C
224
D
339
Question 118Single Answer
‘Gotul’ is found among :
A
Bhil
B
Muria
C
Ho
D
Bhotia
Question 119Single Answer
Who among the following makes use of the concept of ‘communicative action’ in the process of making Validity claims’?
A
Turner
B
Althusser
C
Habermas
D
Giddens
Question 120Single Answer
The concept ‘difference’ used by* Derrida refers to two meanings. Which one of the following pairs is true ?
A
Differ and Prolong
B
Distance and Closeness
C
Defer and Delay
D
Differ and Defer
Question 121Single Answer
Which one of the following is not a characteristic of a primary group?
A
Personal orientation
B
Long term orientation
C
Relations are end in themselves
D
Relations are means to an end
Question 122Single Answer
Who of the following is the author of the book "Economy and Society"?
A
Max Weber
B
Anthony Giddens
C
E. Durkheim
D
A. Comte
Question 123Single Answer
Which one of the following is not an element of rural community?
A
We-feeling
B
Cultural diversity
C
Territory
D
Self-sufficiency
Question 124Single Answer
Choose the correct sequence of following in order of increasing complexity :
A
Hunting, Gathering, Agrarian, Pastoral, Industrial and Postindustrial societies
B
Gathering, Pastoral, Hunting, Industrial and Post-industrial societies
C
Hunting, Pastoral, Agrarian, Industrial and Pist-industrial societies
D
Agricultural, Gathering, Hunting, Horticultural, Industrial and Post-industrial societies
Question 125Single Answer
Sociology is characterized by a perspective that places.............. in the foreground :
A
Individual
B
Unique social events
C
Social interaction
D
Culture
Question 126Single Answer
When two people interact with each other, they form :
A
a society
B
an institution
C
an association
D
a dyadic group
Question 127Single Answer
Which one of the following Max Muller believed to be the earliest form of religion ?
A
Naturism
B
Monoism
C
Animism
D
Fetishism
Question 128Single Answer
Ridicule is a :
A
Social sanction
B
Social norm
C
Mores
D
Folkway
Question 129Single Answer
The term 'Reference group' was first introduced by :
A
Hyman
B
Merton
C
Srinivas
D
Cooley
Question 130Single Answer
Match List -I with List-II and mark the correct answer from the codes given below the lists :
List-I List-II
(Author) (Change Perspective)
a. Sorokin (i) Structural-functional
b. Daherdorf (ii) Cyclical
c. Spencer (iii) Dialectical
d. Durkheim (iv) Evolutionary
A
Codes :
a b c d
ii iii iv i
B
i iii ii iv
C
ii iv i iii
D
iii i ii iv
Question 131Single Answer
The pivotal methodology of functionalist is :
A
Conjectural history
B
Library work
C
Field work
D
Content analysis
Question 132Single Answer
To mess the 'generalised others' and 'significant others' are the creators of :
A
I
B
Me
C
Ego
D
Super ego
Question 133Single Answer
The collection of roles that goes with a given status is termed as.
A
Multiple roles
B
Conflict of roles
C
Role set
D
Summation of roles
Question 134Single Answer
Assertion (A) : The situation in which a person is faced with demands from two or more roles that do not match is called role conflict.
Reason (R) : Role conflict is not common in traditional societies where each person plays a limited number of roles.
Choose the correct answer from the given codes.
A
Codes :
(A) is true but (R) is false
B
Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
C
(A) is false but (R) is true.
D
Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
Question 135Single Answer
Who has written the book "urbanisation and family change "?
A
Iravati Karve
B
M. S. Gore
C
Leela Dube
D
I. P. Desai
Question 136Single Answer
Who studied the structural and functional unity of joint family in 'Mahua'?
A
K. M. Kapadia
B
Beers Desai
C
I. P. Session
D
A. M. Shah
Question 137Single Answer
Match List--I with List--II and select the correct answer from the codes given below :
List--I List -- II
a. Marriage and Family (i) A. M. Shah
in India
b. Kinship organisation (ii) Robin Fox
in India
c. Kinship and Marrieage (iii) K. M. Kapadia
d. Family in India (iv) Iravati Karve
A
Codes :
a b c d
i ii iv iii
B
iii iv ii i
C
i iii iv ii
D
ii iii iv i
Question 138Single Answer
Who said that the social stratification in India is based on 'purity and pollution ' ?
A
M. N. Srinivas
B
A. R. Desai
C
Louis Dumont
D
Yogendra Singh
Question 139Single Answer
Who has given functional theory of social stratification?
A
T. B. Bottomore
B
K. Davis
C
W. E. Moore
D
Karl Marx
Question 140Single Answer
Match List -- I with List --- II and select the correct answer from the codes given below :
List -- I List -- II
a. Homeohierchicus (i) G. S. Ghurya
b. Human society (ii) Yogendra Singh
c. Modernisation of (iv) Louis Dumont
Indian Tradition
d. Caste, Class and (iv) Kingsley Davis
Occupation
A
Codes :
a b c d
i ii iii iv
B
ii iii iv i
C
iii iv ii i
D
iv ii i iii
Question 141Single Answer
"Sociology is a Science which attempts an interpretative understanding of social action." who defined Sociology in this manner ?
A
T. Parson
B
Maclver and Page
C
E. Durkheim
D
Max Weber
Question 142Single Answer
"Culture is man's guide, it liberates as well as enslaves him as all guides do." Which of the following school represents this view?
A
Evolutionary School
B
Marxian School
C
Diffusionistic School
D
Culture-personality School
Question 143Single Answer
The term 'Sociological Imagination' was coined by whom?
A
P. Berger
B
C. W. Mills
C
A. Giddens
D
J. S. Mill
Question 144Single Answer
Every man in society occupies a number of statuses. Different statuses associated with a single person are known as :
A
Status inconsistency
B
Status sequences
C
Status set
D
Status succession
Question 145Single Answer
We gotcha of the following are the physical conditions of a primary group?
(i) Physical proximity
(ii) Attraction
(iii) Smallness
(iv) Endurance
A
i, ii, iii, & iv
B
i, ii , & iii
C
i, ii, & iv
D
i, iii, & iv
Question 146Single Answer
Which of the following is not a primary group?
A
Scouts
B
A peer group
C
A class of students
D
Family
Question 147Single Answer
Which of the following are fundamental features of a social group?
(i) Organisation
(ii) We-feeling
(iii) Self - sufficiency
(iv) Explicit cultural goals
A
(i) and (ii )
B
(ii) and (iii)
C
(iii) and (iv)
D
(i) and (iii)
Question 148Single Answer
Given below are two statements labelled as Assertion (A), and the other labelled as Reason (R) :
Assertion (A) : According to Durkheim education perpetuates and reinforces among neity in society among itself members.
Reason (R) : Schools inclucate society's norms and values providing link between individual and society.
A
Codes :
Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
B
Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
C
(A) is true, but (R) is false.
D
(A) is false, but (R) is true.
Question 149Single Answer
Match List-I with List-II.
List -I List-II
(Books) (Authors)
a. De-schooling Society (i) R. D. Laing
b. The Politics of Family (ii) S. Bowled and H. Gintis
c. Anti-social Family (iii) Ivan Illich
d. Schooling in Capitalist (iv) M. Barrett & M. MacIn-tosh
America
A
Codes :
a b c d
i ii iii iv
B
iv i ii iii
C
iii i iv ii
D
ii i iii iv
Question 150Single Answer
Match List-I with List-II
List-I List-II
(Terms) (Features)
a. Church (i) Usually more individualistic and lacks sharply defined belief system
b. Sect (ii) Usually conservative but not closely related to State.
c. Denomination (iii) Often closely related to State and claim promptly on religious truth
d. Cult (iv) Less conservative and connected with lower class
A
Codes :
a b c. d
iv iii ii i
B
iii iv ii i
C
ii i iv iii
D
i ii iii iv
Question 151Single Answer
The variable sum concept of power is based on the assumption that :
A
value consensus is essential for society
B
value dissension is essential for society
C
value neutrality is essential for society
D
value are essential for society
Question 152Single Answer
The State moderates between different groups ensuring that all of them have some influence on public policy, is best manifested in :
A
Socialist democracy
B
Republic democracy
C
Pluralist democracy
D
Traditional democracy
Question 153Single Answer
Match List-I with List-II :
List -I List-II
(Authors) (Terms)
a. V. Pareto (i) The Ruling Class
b. G. Mosca (ii) The Non-governing Elite
c. R. Mitchell (iii) The Iron law of Oligarchy
d. S. Lukes (iv) The Three Dimensional View
A
Codes :
a b c d
ii iii iv i
B
ii i iii iv
C
ii iii i iv
D
ii iv i iii
Question 154Single Answer
Which of the following is an appropriate example of a social institution?
A
Market
B
Trade Union
C
Political Party
D
N. G. O.
Question 155Single Answer
According to Dahrenorf, Marx's Theory of Class Conflict i
A
to be rejected universally
B
to be accepted universally
C
to be accepted and modified generally
D
to be rejected, accepted and modified contextually
Question 156Single Answer
The process whereby the helpless human infant gradually becomes a self-aware, knowledgeable person, skilled in the ways of the culture into which he or she was born is known as :
A
Re-socialization
B
Social position
C
Socialization
D
Shared understanding
Question 157Single Answer
Stages of congnitive-development related socialization was proposed by :
A
H. Mead
B
S. Freud
C
C. H. Cooley
D
J. Piaget
Question 158Single Answer
Match List-I with List-II and find out the correct answer from the codes given below:
List-I List-II
a. E. Durkheim (i) The Social system
b. M. Weber (ii) The Liquid Love
c. Z. Bauman (iii) The Division of Labour in Society
d. T. Parsons (iv) The Religion of India
A
Codes :
a b c d
i ii iii iv
B
iii iv ii i
C
ii iii iv i
D
iv iii ii i
Question 159Single Answer
In a system of social stratification social rankings are based on certain attributes which may :
A
either be inherited or socially constructed
B
either be ascribed or acquired
C
either be acquired or socially constructed
D
either be ascribed, acquired or constructed
Question 160Single Answer
The social positions of :
A
caste, gender and ethmic groups are biologically, determined
B
caste biologically, but gender and ethnic groups are economically determined
C
gender is biologically, while the ethnic and caste groups are culturally determined
D
Which one of the above is correct?
Question 161Single Answer
A statement of relationship between variables to be tested is known as :
A
Research question
B
Hypothesis
C
Objective of the study
D
Problem of the study
Question 162Single Answer
For Marx, human potential is actualized :
A
when democracy is institutionalized
B
in the objectication of products
C
during the capitalist stage
D
during the primitive stage
Question 163Single Answer
A relationship in which change in one variable always induce change in another variable is known as :
A
positive correlation
B
linear correlation
C
unfounding relation
D
cause and effect relationship
Question 164Single Answer
When did the term sociology coined ?
A
1838
B
1732
C
1835
D
1650
Question 165Single Answer
Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R) :
Assertion (A) : Both Lewis Coser and Randall Collins are grounded under the conflict school.
Reason (R) : Both of them highlight the function of conflict in maintaining the society..
A
Codes :
Both (A) and (R) are true.
B
(A) is true, but (R) is false.
C
(A) is false, but (R) is true.
D
Both (A) and (R) false.
Question 166Single Answer
If in a family, the offspring’s inherit the mother’s name, the family is called -
A
matronymic
B
patronymic
C
matripotestal
D
matrilineal
Question 167Single Answer
Assertion (A) : Townsend asserts that poverty can be defined objectively only in terms of the concept of relative deprivation.
Reason (R) : Society determines people's needs, patterns of food consumption.
A
Codes :
Assertion (A) is true and Reason (R) is false.
B
Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are false.
C
Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
D
Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
Question 168Single Answer
Who suggested that God is society divinized?
A
Max Weber
B
E. E. Evans - Pritchard
C
Auguste Comte
D
Emile Durkhein
Question 169Single Answer
In an Indian family the parents prepare their daughter to be a good wife/daughter in her in-laws, home, this is an example of :
A
Socialization
B
Re-socialization
C
Adult socialization
D
Anticipatory socialization
Question 170Single Answer
Who among the following has distinguished between lions and foxes as types of elites ?
A
Pareto
B
Shils
C
Weber
D
Mannhiem
Question 171Single Answer
Match item in List-I with item in List-II and choose the correct answer from the codes given below :
List - I List - II
a. Social class and stratification (i) Bottom, T. B.
b. The power Elite (ii) Castells, M.
c. Class, city and power (iii) Mills, C. W.
d. Class in modern society (iv) Saunders, P.
A
Codes :
a b. c d
i iv iii ii
B
ii i iv iii
C
iv iii ii i
D
iii ii i iv
Question 172Single Answer
" Sociology is the science of understanding of the meaning of social action. " The proceeding statement was made by :
A
Max Weber
B
August Comte
C
Herbert Spencer
D
Emile Durkheim
Question 173Single Answer
The idea of ' imperatively cordianted associations' was given by :
A
Karl Marx
B
Max Weber
C
Lewis Coser
D
Ralph Dahrendorf
Question 174Single Answer
According to Emile Durkheim religious practices are best understood as :
A
satisfying the spiritual interests of human beings
B
helping human beings to get relief from problem of mundane life
C
showing alternatives to the existing practices of collective life
D
contributing to the integration and stability of a society
Question 175Single Answer
Assertion (A) : Nepotism, favouritism and corruption have in-creaded in Indian society.
Reason (R) : The situation has risen due to lack of political will.
A
(A) is true and (R) is false.
B
Both (A) and (R) are true.
C
(A) is false and (R) is true.
D
Both (A) and (R) are false.
Question 176Single Answer
Which family is formed by an individual when he marries and has children ?
A
Family of orientation
B
Family of pro-creation
C
Nuclear family
D
Conjugal
Question 177Single Answer
Assertion (A) : Women empowerment resulted in rural India during the last two decade.
Reason (R) : 73rd constitution amendment empowered rural Indian women.
A
Codes :
Both (A) and (R) are false.
B
Both (A) and (R) are true.
C
(A) is false and (R) is true.
D
(A) is true and (R) is false.
Question 178Single Answer
Assertion (A) : Privatization of education in India is leading to commercialization of education.
Reason (R) : Commercilization of education has deprived many poor deserving students from quality education .
A
Codes :
(A) is true, but (R) is false.
B
(A) is false and (R) is true.
C
Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
D
Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
Question 179Single Answer
The statement "Organizations are arenas for struggle " was given by :
A
Randall Collins
B
Karl Marx
C
Ralph Dahrwndorf
D
Max Weber
Question 180Single Answer
Who suggested that conflict has a functional importance in society ?
A
Karl Marx
B
Lewis Coser
C
Ralph Dahrendorf
D
Randall Collins
Question 181Single Answer
Match the following :
List-I List-II
(Concepts) (Authors)
a. Cultural Lag (i) K. Marx
b. False Consciousness (ii) Ogburm
c. Law of Similarity and Contact (iii) J. Frazer
d. Institutionalization of class conglict (iv) R. Dahrendorf
A
Codes :
a b c d
ii i iii iv
B
iv iii i ii
C
iii ii iv i
D
i iv ii iii
Question 182Single Answer
Fill in the blank : An institution is composed of ---------------
A
Actors and Groups
B
Rules and procedures
C
Values and norms
D
All
Question 183Single Answer
George Summer's classification of group as 'Monad', 'Days', 'Triad' is based on :
A
Physical proximity
B
Nature of membership
C
Social relations
D
Size of the group
Question 184Single Answer
An area if social living which is marked by some degree of social cohernce and similarity is called :
A
Social group
B
Society
C
Community
D
Association
Question 185Single Answer
C. W. Mills' perspective takes into account :
(i) Biography (ii) Sociography
(iii) History (iv) Geography
(v) Ethnography
Select the correct alternatives :
A
(ii) only
B
(ii) and (iii) only
C
(i) and (iii) only
D
(i), (ii), (iv) and (v) only
Question 186Single Answer
Which of the following instances may not be considered as a reference group behaviour ?
A
Proletarianization
B
Embourgeoisment
C
Sanskritization
D
Modernization
Question 187Single Answer
Which of the following is a set of informal groups ?
A
Clique, faction, caucus
B
Gang, union dacoits
C
Slum, village, NGO
D
Neighbourhood, Peer group, Panchayat
Question 188Single Answer
Who argued that the school prepares children to move towards universalistic standards and achieved status of adult society?
A
E. Durkheim
B
T. Parsons
C
R. K. Merton
D
K. Davis
Question 189Single Answer
Who defined religion in terms of a distinction between the sacred and the profone ?
A
B. Malinowski
B
C. Levi Strauss
C
A. R. Radcliffe Brown
D
E. Durkheim
Question 190Single Answer
The capacity of any person, group or institution to issue commands is called :
A
Power
B
Authority
C
Influence
D
Right
Question 191Single Answer
According to C. W. Mills, the power elite in America comprises those who hold "command posts" in :
(i) The major business corporations
(ii) The miliy
(iii) The Federal Government
(iv) The State bureaucracy
Select the correct alternative :
A
i, ii, iii, iv.
B
i, ii, and iii
C
i, iii, and iv
D
ii, iii, and iv
Question 192Single Answer
Who argues that 'classes should be defined as imperatively coordinated associations '?
A
M. Weber
B
K. Marx
C
R. Dahrendorf
D
R. Collins
Question 193Single Answer
For R. Dahrendorf a post-capitalist society is characterised by :
(i) Decomposition of capital
(ii) Differentiation of Labour
(iii) Diamond like class structure
(iv) Regulations and institutionalization of conflicts
Select the correct alternative :
A
i, ii, iii, and iv
B
i, ii, and iii
C
i, ii, and iv
D
i, iii, and iv
Question 194Single Answer
The concept of 'I' and 'Me' with reference to development of 'self' was used by :
A
S. Freud
B
C. H. Cooley
C
H. M. Johnson
D
G. H. Mead
Question 195Single Answer
Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other as Reason (R) :
Assertion (A) : Personality system gets integrated into the social system through socialization.
Reason (R) : Socialization helps actors to develop skills to play roles in society.
Select the correct answer from the codes given below :
A
Codes :
Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
B
Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
C
(A) is true, but (R) is false.
D
(A) is false but (R) is true.
Question 196Single Answer
A status group, according to Max Weber, is characterized by :
A
Occupation
B
Educational background
C
Life-style
D
Family background
Question 197Single Answer
Who among the following is regarded as the technological deterministic of social change?
A
E. Durkheim
B
G. Simmel
C
T. Veblen
D
T. Malthus
Question 198Single Answer
The theoretical perspective that asserts that there are discernible stages which the society goes through more than once or even repeatedly is termed as :
A
Repeated Evolutionary Theory
B
Unilinear Evolutionary Theory
C
Cyclical Evolutionary Theory
D
Reflexive Evolutionary Theory
Question 199Single Answer
Who among the following describes society as 'sui-generis'?
A
Radcliffe Brown
B
Malinowski
C
E. Durkheim
D
R. Benedict
Question 200Single Answer
Which of the following pairs are not included in Parsonian Scheme of 'Pattern-Variables'?
(i) Affectivity Vs Affective neutrality
(ii) Self-orientation Vs Collectivity orientation
(iii) Particularism Vs Universalism
(iv) Localism Vs Globalism
(v) Quality Vs Performance
(vi) Diffusion Vs Revolution
(vii) Evolution Vs Revolution
Select the correct alternative :
A
i, ii, iii, v, and vi
B
ii, iii, i, vi, and v
C
ii, iii, v
D
i, v, and vi
Question 201Single Answer
Who has stated that the history of society is the history of the class struggle ?
A
Emile Durkheim
B
George Herbert mead
C
Erving Goffmann
D
Karl Marx
Question 202Single Answer
Who has propounded the concept of‘collective representation’ in sociology?
A
Emile Durkheim
B
Max Weber
C
Auguste Comte
D
Karl Marx
Question 203Single Answer
A Society which pessimistically depicts the social transformation brought about by modernization is a :
A
Global society
B
Local society
C
Mass society
D
Civil society
Question 204Single Answer
In any social arrangement in which the behaviour of majority is governed by norms and roles is known as :
A
Association
B
Community
C
Institution
D
Culture
Question 205Single Answer
Lack of appropriate cultural resources like language and knowledge is known as :
A
Cultural materialism
B
Cultural deprivation
C
Cultural trait
D
Cultural pluralism
Question 206Single Answer
Who has observed that ‘each person in society inevitably occupies multiple statuses and that, for each of these statuses, there is an associated role’?
A
R.K. Merton
B
R. Linton
C
T. Newcomb
D
W.F. Ogburn
Question 207Single Answer
Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer from the codes given below the lists.
List-I List-II
(Authors) (Classification of Groups)
(a) Miller (i) Community - Association
(b) Tonnies (ii) Vertical - Horizontal
(c) Park & Burgess (iii) Genetic - Congregate
(d) Giddings (iv)Territorial-Non-territorial
(v) Positive-negative
A
Codes :
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(i) (iii) (ii) (v)
B
(i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
C
(ii) (i) (iv) (iii)
D
(iv) (iii) (v) (i)
Question 208Single Answer
Which one of the following is not an ascribed status ?
A
Sex
B
Age
C
Occupation
D
Kinship
Question 209Single Answer
Which one of the following refers to an individual whose behaviour in a particular role provides a pattern upon which another individual bases his behaviour in performing the same role?
A
Ideal role
B
Role model
C
Perceived role
D
Internalized role
Question 210Single Answer
Who has said that “man’s uniqueness lies in his possession of culture”?
A
R.M. Maclver
B
E. Durkheim
C
R. Benedict
D
K. Davis
Question 211Single Answer
The distinction between in-group and out-group was given by :
A
G. Simmel
B
P. Sorokin
C
W.G. Sumner
D
H. Spencer
Question 212Single Answer
Who has classified groups into ‘dyad’ and ‘triad' ?
A
Sorokin
B
Sumner
C
Simmel
D
Giddings
Question 213Single Answer
Who has said that marriage is rooted in the family rather than the family is rooted in marriage ?
A
Kingsley Davis
B
G.P. Murdock
C
E. Westermarck
D
C.Levi-Strauss
Question 214Single Answer
‘Taravad’ is a kind of :
A
a kinship usage
B
a rule of residence
C
an extended family
D
a community
Question 215Single Answer
Which one is the correct statement about socialization ?
A
An election process
B
A time taking process
C
A policy making process
D
A role seeking process
Question 216Single Answer
Which one is the important concept in the theory of Socialization held by Emile Durkheim ?
A
Role performing
B
Imagining the other
C
Collective consciousness
D
Division of labour
Question 217Single Answer
Pierre Bourdieu’s theoretical perspective makes use of the concept of capital. Which of the following is not a part of this concept ?
A
Economic Capital
B
Political Capital
C
Social Capital
D
Cultural Capital
Question 218Single Answer
Which term is used to describe various aspects of an individual’s identity such as class, ethnicity, gender, disability and location?
A
Intersectionality
B
Ascription
C
Meritocracy
D
Mobility
Question 219Single Answer
Who among the following has conceptualized caste stratification into four types namely cultural universalistic, cultural particularistic, structural universalistic and structural particularistic ?
A
Andre Beteille
B
E.R. Leach
C
Yogendra Singh
D
A.C. Mayer
Question 220Single Answer
Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer from the codes given below the lists :
List-I (Authors) List-II (Books)
(a) G. P Murdock (i) The Religion of India : The Sociology of
Hinduism and Buddhism
(b) K.M. Kapadia (ii) Short History of Marriage
(c) E. Westermarck (iii) Marriage and Family in India
(d) Max Weber (iv) Social Structure
A
Codes :
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(iv) (iii) (i) (ii)
B
(i) (ii) (iv) (iii)
C
(iv) (iii) (ii) (i)
D
(ii) (iii) (iv) (i)
Question 221Single Answer
Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer from the codes given below the lists :
List-I List-II
(Concepts) (Authors)
(a) Primary group (i) Freud
(b) Generalized other (ii) Cooley
(c) Super ego (iii) Durkheim
(d) Collective Consciousness (iv) Mead
A
Codes :
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(i) (ii) (iv) (iii)
B
(iii) (iv) (ii) (i)
C
(ii) (iv) (i) (iii)
D
(iv) (iii) (i) (ii)
Question 222Single Answer
Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer from the codes given below the lists :
List-I List-II
(Books) (Authors)
(a) Dynamics of (i) M.N. Srinivas
Culture Change
(b) Social Change in (ii) B. Malinowski
Modern India
(c) India’s Changing (iii) Yogendra Singh Villages
(d) Modernization of (iv) S.C. Dube
Indian Tradition
A
Codes :
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(ii) (i) (iv) (iii)
B
(i) (ii) (iv) (iii)
C
(iv) (ii) (iii) (i)
D
(iii) (ii) (i) (iv)
Question 223Single Answer
According to whom anthropology is a natural science and studies human society, often using the methods of the natural sciences ?
A
B. Malinowski
B
A.R. Radcliffe- Brown
C
C. Levi-Strauss
D
John Dewey
Question 224Single Answer
Who talks about ‘roles’ in virtue of social relationships ?
A
A.R. Radcliffe-Brown
B
R.K. Merton
C
S.P. Nadel
D
C. Levi-Strauss
Question 225Single Answer
Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other as Reason (R):
Assertion (A) : Social change is inevitable.
Reason (R) : There are various kinds of external and internal forces operating with each other within the system.
Select the correct answer from the codes given below :
A
Codes :
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
B
Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
C
(A) is true, but (R) is false.
D
(A) is false, but (R) is true.
Question 226Single Answer
Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer from the codes given below the lists : List-I List-II
(Concepts) (Thinkers)
(a) Cultural structure (i) K. Marx
& Cultural performances
(b) Non-violence (ii) M.N. Srinivas
(c) Sanskritization (iii) M.K. Gandhi
(d) Class consciousness (iv) R. Redfield and M. Singer
A
Code :
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(iv) (iii) (ii) (i)
B
(iii) (iv) (i) (ii)
C
(ii) (i) (iv) (iii)
D
(i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
Question 227Single Answer
According to whom, culture is held to embody principles which mirror essential features of the human mind-’binary clas-sificatory systems’?
A
S.F. Nadel
B
A.R. Radcliffe-Brown
C
R.K. Merton
D
C. Levi-Strauss
Question 228Single Answer
Match List-I with List-II. List-I List-II
(Books) (Authors)
(a) The theory of (i) R.K. Merton
Social Structure
(b) Social theory and (ii) C.Levi-Strauss Social Structure
(c) Structure and (iii) S.F. Nadel
Function in Primitive
Society
(d) Structural (iv) A.R. Radcliffe-Brown
Anthropology
A
Codes :
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(iv) (iii) (ii) (i)
B
(iii) (i) (iv) (ii)
C
(ii) (i) (iv) (iii)
D
(i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
Question 229Single Answer
Malinowski is best known for emphasizing the importance of which one of the following?
A
Oral History
B
Content Analysis
C
Ethnography
D
Narratives
Question 230Single Answer
Which term is used by Parsons to explain the fundamental ‘dilemmas’ facing all actors and involved in all social situations?
A
Social Actions
B
Value Orientations
C
Pattern Variables
D
Functional Pre-requisites
Question 231Single Answer
Central to Durkheim’s functionalism was a distinction between which forms of social organization?
A
Normal and Pathological
B
Normal and Healthy
C
Average and Abnormal
D
Forced and Anomic
Question 232Single Answer
Who has stated that ‘the conflict is dysfunctional, if the structures are rigid?
A
K. Marx
B
L.A. Coser
C
E. Durkheim
D
J.C. Alexander
Question 233Single Answer
According to Merton which one of the following sequences is correct ?
A
Innovation, Retreatism, Ritualism, Rebellion.
B
Ritualism, Rebellion, Innovation, Retreatism.
C
Rebellion, Retreatism, Ritualism Innovation.
D
Innovation, Ritualism, Retreatism, Rebellion.
Question 234Single Answer
“The problems which scientists selected for study, and their conceptualization, were determined by the values of the scientists.” According to Max Weber, this statement refers to :
A
Value Judgement
B
Value Neutrality
C
Normative Value
D
Value Relevance
Question 235Single Answer
Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer from the codes given below the lists : List-I List-II
(Concepts) (Sociologists)
(a) Verstehen (i) Auguste Comte
(b) Historical (ii) Emile Durkheim
Materialism
(c) Positivism (iii) Max Weber
(d) Indirect experiment (iv) Karl Marx
A
Codes :
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
B
(iv) (i) (ii) (iii)
C
(ii) (iii) (iv) (i)
D
(iii) (iv) (i) (ii)
Question 236Single Answer
Who has written the book ‘Rules of Sociological Method’?
A
Max Weber
B
Auguste Comte
C
Emile Durkheim
D
Karl Mark
Question 237Single Answer
According to Dahrendorf, “the aggregates of incumbents of positions with identical role interests” is known as :
A
The interest group
B
The conflict group
C
The quasi group
D
The Primary group
Question 238Single Answer
Match List-I with List-II. List-I List-II
(Authors) (Concepts)
(a) Max Weber (i) Circulation ofelites
(b) V. Pareto (ii) Symbolic Interactionism
(c) G.M. Mead (iii) Interpretative understanding
(d) Herbert Blumer (iv) Self Select the correct answer from the codes given below :
A
Codes :
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(iii) (i) (iv) (ii)
B
(i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
C
(iii) (iv) (i) (ii)
D
(ii) (i) (iii) (iv)
Question 239Single Answer
Who has presented the view, ‘a historical approach that also makes possible generalizations about processes of social change’
A
C.H. Carr
B
Max Weber
C
Arnold J. Toynbee
D
Karl Marx
Question 240Single Answer
A survey design meant for collection of data needed from the same selected population at different points of time is known as :
A
Cohort Survey
B
Cross-sectional Survey
C
Longitudinal Survey
D
Pilot Survey
Question 241Single Answer
......... is the channelling of an increasing number of women into low-status, poorly paid manual work.
A
Feminisation of poverty
B
Female proletarianisation
C
Feminisation of labour
D
None of the above
Question 242Single Answer
An Italian consuming paneer tikka in Rome and an Indian consuming pizza in Varanasi is an example of
A
globalisation of food
B
globalisation of commodities
C
globalisation of culture
D
All of the above
Question 243Single Answer
Who had given the concept of 'modes of individual adaptation' ?
A
E Durkheim
B
T Parsons
C
RK Merton
D
P Blau
Question 244Single Answer
Consider the following statements and state which of the following is/are correct ?
I. Quantitative research is any research method that involves the analysis of numerical data derived usually from surveys and experiments.
II. Qualitative research is any research method that involves the analysis of numerical data derived usually from surveys and experiments.
III. Inferential statistics does not allow researchers to use data from a relatively small group to speculate with some level of certainty about a larger group.
IV. Quantitative research methods do not require statistical methods for collecting and reporting data.
V. Statistics is the mathematical method used to analyse numerical data.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below.
A
I, II, III and IV
B
Only I
C
II, III and IV
D
I and V
Question 245Single Answer
.................. is an epistemological position that advocates the application of the methods of natural science to the study of social reality and beyond.
A
Interpretivism
B
Constructionism
C
Positivism
D
None of these
Question 246Single Answer
A ......... entails the collection of data on more than one case (usually quite a lot more than one) and at a single point in time.
A
cross - sectional research design
B
longitudinal research design
C
Both 1. and 2
D
None of the above
Question 247Single Answer
Match List - I with List - II. List - I (Thinkers) List - II (Concepts/Ideas)
A. A Comte I. Size and density
B. E Durkheim II. Level of intellectual development
C. K Marx III. Evolution and complexity
D. H Spencer IV. Economic influence Choose the correct answer from the options given below.
A
A B C D
III IV I IIII
B
II I IV III
C
I III IV II
D
II III I IV
Question 248Single Answer
Who among the following criticised the effects of 'mass media' and 'culture industry' on population ?
A
Ulrich Beck
B
Alfred Schutz
C
Theodor Adorno
D
Ernest Burgess
Question 249Single Answer
Cultural phenomena combining and impositions from the other cultures with local realities is
A
Ethnocentrism
B
Cultural imperialism
C
Cultural hybrids
D
Cultural relativism
Question 250Single Answer
Who has suggested six dimensions of communalism: assimilationist, welfarist, retreatist, retaliatory, separatist and secessionist ?
A
Yogendra Singh
B
AR Desai
C
TK Oommen
D
GS Ghurye
Question 251Single Answer
Which of the following is not a defining feature of tribe ?
A
Food habits
B
Common territory
C
Kinship ties
D
One language
Question 252Single Answer
Given below are two statements. One is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A) : NK Bose emphasised the need to bring Ethnology and Indology together in the study of Indian Society.
Reason (R) : It is possible to reconstruct the structure of the Indian Constitution through these two approaches.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below.
A
Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
B
Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
C
A is true, but R is false
D
A is false, but R is true
Question 253Single Answer
Examples of nominal measures are
I. Gender
II. Religious affiliation
III. Birth place
IV. Social classes
V. Intellectual sophistication
Choose the correct answer from the options given below.
A
IV and V
B
I, II and III
C
II, III and IV
D
I, II and IV
Question 254Single Answer
Given below are two statements. One is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A) : There is the increasing prevalence of borderless diseases.
Reason (R) : There is the increase in global travel and an increasing rate of human migration.
In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below.
A
Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
B
Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
C
A is true, but R is false
D
A is false, but R is true
Question 255Single Answer
The concept of 'habitus' deals with
A
social status of the individuals
B
psychological orientations of the individuals
C
behavioural dispositions of the individuals
D
economic situation of the individuals
Question 256Single Answer
According to Louis Wirth, the following variables are important in making urban life impersonal.
I. Location
II. Affluence
III. Size
IV. Density
V. Heterogeneity
Choose the correct answer from the options given below.
A
I, II and III
B
II, III and IV
C
III, IV and V
D
I, III and V
Question 257Single Answer
Which were the general land tenure system prevalent in rural India before independence ?
I. Zamindari
II. Sajhedari
III. Ryotwari
IV. Hawaldari
V. Mahelwari
Choose the correct answer from the options given below.
A
I, II and III
B
II, III and IV
C
III, IV and V
D
I, III and V
Question 258Single Answer
Use of public office for private gain is known as
A
abuse
B
corruption
C
insincerity
D
None of these
Question 259Single Answer
Given below are two statements. One is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A) : Sociologists usually distinguish between absolute and relative poverty.
Reason (R) : In developed countries with established welfare systems, absolute poverty is rare.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.
A
Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A
B
Both A and R are correct, but R is not the correct explanation of A
C
A is correct, but R is not correct
D
A is not correct, but R is correct
Question 260Single Answer
Which is the largest form of Urban life today ?
A
Edge city
B
Megalopolis
C
Metropolis
D
None of these
Question 261Single Answer
Match List - I with List - II. List - I (Tribe) List - II (Dormitories)
A. Gonds I. Kichuki
B. Oraon II. Dhumkuria
C. Bhutia III. Gotul
D. Angami Naga IV. Rang - Bang Choose the correct answer from the options given below.
A
A B C D
II III I IV
B
III II IV I
C
I IV II III
D
I II III IV
Question 262Single Answer
Given below are two statements. One is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A) : Prejudice is one thing. Discrimination is something else.
Reason (R) : Prejudice is a matter of belief. Discrimination is a mode of behaviour.
In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below.
A
Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
B
Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
C
A is true, but R is false
D
A is false, but R is true
Question 263Single Answer
Who has classified action into logical and non - logical action ?
A
Max Weber
B
T Parsons
C
V Pareto
D
None of these
Question 264Single Answer
Who wrote the book, 'Caste and Race in India' ?
A
AR Desai
B
GS Ghurye
C
Louis Dumont
D
None of the above
Question 265Single Answer
Which among the following are relevant and related to the National Policy on Education ?
I. Radha Krishnan Commission
II. Mudaliar Commission
III. Kidwai Commission
IV. Kothari Commission
V. Tendulkar Commission
Choose the correct answer from the options given below.
A
I and II
B
I, II and V
C
I, II and IV
D
I, II and III
Question 266Single Answer
The most systematic general theory of cultural reproduction is given by
A
Karl Mannheim
B
Pierre Bourdieu
C
Auguste Comte
D
Durkheim
Question 267Single Answer
Which of the following is a structure of relationships linking social actors, or the set of actors and the ties among them ?
A
Social organisation
B
Social network
C
Social development
D
Social institution
Question 268Single Answer
Adopting a historical approach to the dispersal of people, R Cohen identifies the following categories of diasporas.
I. Victim diasporas
II. Labour diasporas
III. Trading diasporas
IV. Imperial diasporas
V. Cultural diasporas
Choose the correct answer from the options given below.
A
I, II, IV and V
B
I and V
C
Only I
D
I, II, III, IV and V
Question 269Single Answer
Given below are two statements. One is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A) : Enhancing global consciousness is a vital dimension of increasing environmental awareness.
Reason (R) : Our choices and actions are responsible for our actions towards ecology.
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.
A
Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
B
Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
C
A is true, but R is false
D
A is false, but R is true
Question 270Single Answer
The durable relations between a food - producing family and the families that supply them with goods and services are known as
A
Service caste - higher caste relations
B
Producer - supplier relations
C
Caste relations
D
Jajmani relations
Question 271Single Answer
Which of the following is a key component of effective teaching?
A
Memorization
B
Active Learning
C
Passive Learning
D
Focus on Test Scores
Question 272Single Answer
Which teaching method emphasizes student collaboration and problem-solving?
A
Lecture Method
B
Inquiry-Based Learning
C
Lecture and Note-taking
D
Drill and Practice
Question 273Single Answer
What does the Constructivist theory of learning emphasize?
A
Passive absorption of information
B
Learners constructing their own knowledge
C
Memorizing facts and figures
D
Teacher-centered instruction
Question 274Single Answer
Which of the following is not an effective classroom management strategy?
A
Clear communication of expectations
B
Positive reinforcement
C
Ignoring disruptive behavior
D
Consistent routines
Question 275Single Answer
Which of the following teaching strategies promotes higher-order thinking?
A
Recall-based questions
B
Lecture-based instruction
C
Problem-solving and critical thinking tasks
D
Multiple-choice questions
Question 276Single Answer
According to Vygotsky, the 'Zone of Proximal Development' refers to:
A
The range of tasks a student can perform alone
B
The range of tasks a student cannot perform, even with assistance
C
The tasks a student can perform with minimal support
D
The range of tasks a student can perform with the help of a more knowledgeable other
Question 277Single Answer
In Bloom's Taxonomy, which of the following is the highest level of cognitive skills?
A
Knowledge
B
Comprehension
C
Synthesis
D
Evaluation
Question 278Single Answer
Which of the following best describes the purpose of differentiated instruction?
A
To maintain uniformity in teaching
B
To meet the varied learning needs of students
C
To make learning more challenging for all students
D
To reduce the workload for the teacher
Question 279Single Answer
The flipped classroom model primarily focuses on:
A
Teacher-centered direct instruction
B
Students learning at home through online resources
C
Learning through textbooks alone
D
Peer-teaching and collaboration
Question 280Single Answer
Which of the following is an example of an active learning strategy?
A
Reading a textbook chapter
B
Listening to a lecture
C
Group discussion and debates
D
Memorizing facts
Question 281Single Answer
What is the main focus of learner-centered teaching?
A
Teachers controlling the pace of the lesson
B
Encouraging students to take responsibility for their own learning
C
Focusing solely on lectures
D
Providing a rigid structure for the lesson
Question 282Single Answer
What type of teaching strategy is best for developing critical thinking skills?
A
Rote memorization
B
Lecture-based learning
C
Socratic questioning
D
Listening and note-taking
Question 283Single Answer
In what way does collaborative learning benefit students?
A
It encourages individual work
B
It allows students to learn only from the teacher
C
It helps students develop communication and teamwork skills
D
It focuses on rote memorization
Question 284Single Answer
Which of the following best describes 'scaffolding' in the context of teaching?
A
Giving all students the same level of support
B
Providing initial support that is gradually removed as students gain independence
C
Teaching without any prior assessment
D
Reducing the difficulty of tasks for students
Question 285Single Answer
The concept of 'multiple intelligences' was proposed by:
A
Jean Piaget
B
Howard Gardner
C
Lev Vygotsky
D
Benjamin Bloom
Question 286Single Answer
Which of the following is a key feature of inquiry-based learning?
A
Direct transmission of facts
B
Emphasis on rote memorization
C
Encouraging curiosity and self-directed investigation
D
Strictly following a teacher's script
Question 287Single Answer
Which is an example of summative assessment?
A
Formative quizzes
B
Student discussions
C
End-of-term exams
D
Peer feedback
Question 288Single Answer
Which of the following is an example of a 'constructivist' teaching strategy?
A
Lecture-based instruction
B
Problem-solving tasks
C
Memorization drills
D
Teacher-dominated discussions
Question 289Single Answer
What does the term 'active learning' refer to?
A
Students are passively listening to the teacher
B
Students are actively engaged in learning through participation
C
Students only study at home
D
Teachers provide answers for students
Question 290Single Answer
Integrating language across the curriculum helps students to:
A
Focus on one subject at a time
B
Develop language skills only in language classes
C
Use language skills in multiple subject areas
D
Avoid learning languages
Question 291Single Answer
In the context of teaching language across the curriculum, which strategy is most effective for supporting students' language development?
A
Focusing solely on language arts classes
B
Encouraging reading and writing in all subjects
C
Avoiding the use of specialized vocabulary
D
Using only oral communication in all lessons
Question 292Single Answer
Which of the following is a key feature of 'language awareness' in teaching?
A
Teaching grammar in isolation
B
Encouraging students to understand how language works in different subjects
C
Focusing only on speaking and listening skills
D
Relying on textbooks for all language learning
Question 293Single Answer
The integration of language skills in the science curriculum might involve:
A
Only reading scientific texts
B
Focusing solely on mathematical language
C
Using both writing and speaking skills to explain scientific concepts
D
Teaching science without any reference to language skills
Question 294Single Answer
Which of the following is an example of a language-rich classroom environment?
A
A classroom with few student interactions
B
A classroom where students primarily read textbooks
C
A classroom where students engage in discussions, writing tasks, and presentations
D
A classroom where only the teacher speaks
Question 295Single Answer
The process of 'academic language' development in students refers to:
A
Informal language used in daily conversation
B
The specialized language used in academic disciplines
C
The language used in creative writing
D
Language learned only in foreign language classes
Question 296Single Answer
Which teaching approach focuses on developing students' language proficiency in all subject areas, not just language arts?
A
Content-based instruction
B
Direct instruction
C
Passive learning
D
Grammar translation method
Question 297Single Answer
Which of the following is a method to enhance language learning across the curriculum?
A
Using visual aids and graphic organizers
B
Avoiding the use of academic vocabulary
C
Relying only on textbooks for language instruction
D
Focusing on oral language skills alone
Question 298Single Answer
What role does scaffolding play in teaching language across the curriculum?
A
It is used only in language arts classes
B
It involves providing support to help students engage with complex language in various subjects
C
It focuses on individual student assessments
D
It is used to reduce the use of language in lessons
Question 299Single Answer
Which of the following best describes the 'language demands' of a mathematics classroom?
A
Only speaking and listening
B
Reading and understanding word problems, using mathematical vocabulary
C
Focusing solely on calculations
D
Writing essays on mathematical concepts
Question 300Single Answer
In a history classroom, teaching students to use specialized vocabulary such as "primary sources," "perspective," and "historical evidence" is an example of: