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Latest GATE Ecology and Evolution Exam Question (Objective Questions), MCQ in English

Subjects : General Aptitude, Ecology & Evolution

Question Bank GATE Ecology & Evolution Exam (MCQ Only) - English
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General Aptitude

Question 1Single Answer
Inhaling the smoke from a burning _____ could _____ you quickly.
  1. A
    tire/tier
  2. B
    tire/tyre
  3. C
    tyre/tire
  4. D
    tyre/tier
Question 2Single Answer
Rice, a versatile and inexpensive source of carbohydrate, is a critical component of diet worldwide. Climate change, causing extreme weather, poses a threat to sustained availability of rice. Scientists are working on developing Green Super Rice (GSR), which is resilient under extreme weather conditions yet gives higher yields sustainably.
Which one of the following is the CORRECT logical inference based on the information given in the above passage ?
  1. A
    GSR is an alternative to regular rice, but it grows only in an extreme weather
  2. B
    GSR be used in future in response to adverse effects of climate change
  3. C
    GSR grows in an extreme weather, but the quantity of produce is lesser than regular rice
  4. D
    Regular rice will continue to provide good yields even in extreme weather
Question 3Single Answer
Given below are three statements and four conclusions drawn based on the statements.
Statement 1: Some engineers are writers.
Statement 2: No writer is an actor.
Statement 3: All actors are engineers.
Conclusion I: Some writers are engineers.
Conclusion II: All engineers are actor.
Conclusion III: No actors is a writer.
Conclusion IV: Some actors are writers.
Which one of the following options can be logically inferred ?
  1. A
    Only conclusion I is correct
  2. B
    Only conclusion II and conclusion III are correct
  3. C
    Only conclusion I and conclusion III are correct
  4. D
    Either conclusion III or conclusion IV is correct
Question 4Single Answer
The cost price of 20 articles is the same as the selling price of x articles. If the profit is 25%, then the value of x is :
  1. A
    15
  2. B
    16
  3. C
    18
  4. D
    25
Question 5Single Answer
Pipes P and Q can fill a storage tank full of water in 10 and 6 minutes, respectively. Pipe R draws the water out from the storage tank at a rate of 34 litres per minute. P, Q and R operate at a constant rate. If it takes one hour to completely empty a full storage tank with all the pipes operating simultaneously, what is the capacity of the storage tank (in litres) ?Β 
  1. A
    26.8Β 
  2. B
    60.0Β 
  3. C
    120.0
  4. D
    127.5
Question 6Single Answer
Six persons P, Q, R, S, T and U are sitting around a circular table facing the centre not necessarily in the same order. Consider the following statements:
β€’ P sits next to S and T.
β€’ Q sits diametrically opposite to P
β€’ The shortest distance between S and R is equal to the shortest distance between T and U. Based on the above statements, Q is a neighbour of
  1. A
    U and S
  2. B
    R and T
  3. C
    R and U
  4. D
    P and S
Question 7Single Answer
Choose the grammatically correct sentence?
  1. A
    Neither of the robots are functioning properly
  2. B
    Neither robots is functioning properly
  3. C
    Neither of the robot are functioning properly
  4. D
    Neither of the robots is functioning properly
Question 8Single Answer
Choose the correct form to complete the sentence: β€œBy the time the engineer arrived, the robotic arm _____ its assigned operation”?
  1. A
    completes
  2. B
    has completed
  3. C
    had completed
  4. D
    was complete
Question 9Single Answer
Which article correctly completes the sentence: β€œThe laboratory purchased _____ autonomous mobile robot for navigation experiments”?
  1. A
    a
  2. B
    an
  3. C
    the an
  4. D
    no article
Question 10Single Answer
Which word is the adjective in the sentence β€œThe autonomous robot navigated the narrow corridor successfully”?
  1. A
    robot
  2. B
    autonomous
  3. C
    navigated
  4. D
    successfully

Ecology & Evolution

Question 11Single Answer
Which of the following is an abiotic component of an ecosystem?
  1. A
    Bacteria
  2. B
    Fungi
  3. C
    Herbivores
  4. D
    Temperature
Question 12Single Answer
Which factor is considered a biotic component of an ecosystem?
  1. A
    Rainfall
  2. B
    Soil pH
  3. C
    Predators
  4. D
    Solar radiation
Question 13Single Answer
The basic ecological unit consisting of organisms interacting with their physical environment is called:
  1. A
    Population
  2. B
    Ecosystem
  3. C
    Species
  4. D
    Biome
Question 14Single Answer
A group of individuals of the same species living in the same area is called a:
  1. A
    Community
  2. B
    Population
  3. C
    Guild
  4. D
    Biome
Question 15Single Answer
All populations of different species occurring together in an area constitute a:
  1. A
    Community
  2. B
    Species
  3. C
    Habitat
  4. D
    Biosphere
Question 16Single Answer
A biome is primarily characterized by its:
  1. A
    Climate and dominant vegetation
  2. B
    Individual organisms
  3. C
    Genetic diversity only
  4. D
    Soil microbes only
Question 17Single Answer
The place where an organism normally lives is its:
  1. A
    Niche
  2. B
    Guild
  3. C
    Habitat
  4. D
    Trophic level
Question 18Single Answer
The ecological niche of a species refers primarily to its:
  1. A
    Functional role and environmental requirements
  2. B
    Geographic location only
  3. C
    Taxonomic classification
  4. D
    Body size
Question 19Single Answer
The fundamental niche of a species represents:
  1. A
    Conditions occupied in the presence of competitors
  2. B
    Only its feeding habitat
  3. C
    The complete range of conditions in which it can potentially survive and reproduce
  4. D
    Only its climatic tolerance
Question 20Single Answer
The realized niche is generally:
  1. A
    Broader than the fundamental niche
  2. B
    Identical for every species
  3. C
    Equal to or narrower than the fundamental niche
  4. D
    Independent of biotic interactions
Question 21Single Answer
Reduction of a species' niche because of competition is most directly associated with:
  1. A
    Biomagnification
  2. B
    Ecological release
  3. C
    Primary succession
  4. D
    Competitive exclusion
Question 22Single Answer
Ecological release commonly occurs when:
  1. A
    Competition increases
  2. B
    Immigration stops
  3. C
    Productivity decreases
  4. D
    A competitor or predator is removed
Question 23Single Answer
The competitive exclusion principle predicts that two species cannot coexist indefinitely if they:
  1. A
    Occupy different habitats
  2. B
    Differ in body size
  3. C
    Have completely identical limiting-resource requirements
  4. D
    Belong to different genera
Question 24Single Answer
Resource partitioning promotes coexistence because species:
  1. A
    Reduce overlap in resource use
  2. B
    Use exactly the same resources identically
  3. C
    Eliminate predators
  4. D
    Increase environmental disturbance
Question 25Single Answer
Which is an example of resource partitioning?
  1. A
    Plants competing for identical soil nutrients
  2. B
    Two species feeding on exactly the same prey at the same time
  3. C
    Predators killing competitors
  4. D
    Two bird species feeding at different heights in the same tree
Question 26Single Answer
A functional trait is best defined as a characteristic that:
  1. A
    Has no ecological significance
  2. B
    Influences organismal performance or ecosystem processes
  3. C
    Is found only in animals
  4. D
    Is always genetically neutral
Question 27Single Answer
Specific leaf area is usually defined as:
  1. A
    Leaf dry mass per plant height
  2. B
    Leaf nitrogen per root mass
  3. C
    Leaf area per unit dry mass
  4. D
    Leaf number per branch
Question 28Single Answer
Plants with high specific leaf area are commonly associated with:
  1. A
    Rapid resource acquisition and relatively fast growth
  2. B
    Slow growth and highly conservative resource use
  3. C
    Complete absence of photosynthesis
  4. D
    Permanent dormancy
Question 29Single Answer
A trait reflecting an organism's response to environmental conditions is called a:
  1. A
    Neutral marker
  2. B
    Response trait
  3. C
    Taxonomic trait
  4. D
    Random trait
Question 30Single Answer
A trait through which an organism influences ecosystem functioning is often termed an:
  1. A
    Drift trait
  2. B
    Molecular clock
  3. C
    Founder trait
  4. D
    Effect trait
Question 31Single Answer
Ecophysiology primarily examines:
  1. A
    Fossil classification
  2. B
    Planetary motion
  3. C
    Physiological responses of organisms to environmental conditions
  4. D
    Taxonomic nomenclature
Question 32Single Answer
Homeostasis refers to:
  1. A
    Permanent genetic change
  2. B
    Maintenance of relatively stable internal conditions
  3. C
    Seasonal migration only
  4. D
    Formation of new species
Question 33Single Answer
Acclimation is best described as:
  1. A
    Genetic drift
  2. B
    Evolution across many generations
  3. C
    A reversible physiological adjustment within an individual's lifetime
  4. D
    Speciation
Question 34Single Answer
Adaptation differs from acclimation because adaptation:
  1. A
    Is always temporary
  2. B
    Occurs only in laboratories
  3. C
    Results from evolutionary change across generations
  4. D
    Never has a genetic basis
Question 35Single Answer
An organism maintaining constant body temperature largely through metabolic heat production is a:
  1. A
    Ectotherm
  2. B
    Photoautotroph
  3. C
    Osmoconformer
  4. D
    Endotherm
Question 36Single Answer
An ectotherm obtains most of its body heat from:
  1. A
    External environmental sources
  2. B
    Internal metabolic production exclusively
  3. C
    Cellular respiration only
  4. D
    Nitrogen fixation
Question 37Single Answer
The regulation of internal water and solute concentration is called:
  1. A
    Thermoregulation
  2. B
    Photoperiodism
  3. C
    Osmoregulation
  4. D
    Chemotaxis
Question 38Single Answer
An osmoconformer generally maintains body-fluid osmolarity that is:
  1. A
    Similar to its surrounding medium
  2. B
    Independent of its environment
  3. C
    Always zero
  4. D
    Higher than all environments
Question 39Single Answer
CAM photosynthesis is especially advantageous to plants living in:
  1. A
    Arid environments
  2. B
    Permanently submerged habitats
  3. C
    Deep oceans
  4. D
    Polar ice sheets
Question 40Single Answer
CAM plants reduce water loss primarily by:
  1. A
    Eliminating stomata
  2. B
    Opening stomata mainly at night
  3. C
    Stopping carbon fixation
  4. D
    Absorbing carbon through roots
Question 41Single Answer
Cβ‚„ photosynthesis is particularly advantageous under:
  1. A
    Very low oxygen with no light
  2. B
    Complete darkness
  3. C
    Permanent freezing
  4. D
    High temperature and strong light
Question 42Single Answer
Which enzyme initially fixes COβ‚‚ in Cβ‚„ plants?
  1. A
    PEP carboxylase
  2. B
    RuBisCO only
  3. C
    Nitrogenase
  4. D
    ATP synthase
Question 43Single Answer
An organism capable of tolerating a wide range of temperatures is described as:
  1. A
    Stenothermal
  2. B
    Obligate anaerobic
  3. C
    Stenohaline
  4. D
    Eurythermal
Question 44Single Answer
A stenothermal organism tolerates:
  1. A
    A broad temperature range
  2. B
    A narrow temperature range
  3. C
    All salinities
  4. D
    All pH values
Question 45Single Answer
Euryhaline organisms can tolerate:
  1. A
    Only freshwater
  2. B
    A broad range of salinities
  3. C
    Only seawater
  4. D
    No osmotic changes
Question 46Single Answer
Stenohaline organisms tolerate:
  1. A
    Wide salinity fluctuations
  2. B
    Only a narrow salinity range
  3. C
    All temperatures
  4. D
    No dissolved oxygen
Question 47Single Answer
Shelford's law of tolerance emphasizes that species distribution depends on:
  1. A
    Predator abundance alone
  2. B
    Mutation rate alone
  3. C
    Tolerance limits for environmental factors
  4. D
    Genome size
Question 48Single Answer
Liebig's law of the minimum states that growth is constrained primarily by:
  1. A
    The most abundant resource
  2. B
    The scarcest essential resource relative to demand
  3. C
    Predators only
  4. D
    Temperature alone in all ecosystems
Question 49Single Answer
An environmental factor that restricts population growth is called a:
  1. A
    Limiting factor
  2. B
    Neutral factor
  3. C
    Founder factor
  4. D
    Derived factor
Question 50Single Answer
Ecological stoichiometry examines:
  1. A
    Fossil ages
  2. B
    Relationships among chemical elements in ecological processes
  3. C
    Species names
  4. D
    Atmospheric pressure alone
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