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Objective Questions

Latest HP SET Environment Sciences Exam Question (Objective Questions), MCQ in English

Subjects : Environment Science

Question Bank HP SET Environment Sciences Exam - English

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Environment Science

Question 501Single Answer

A drowned river valley estuary is formed when ?

A
a barrier island or sand bar separates a section of the coast where fresh water enters
B
sea level rose at the end of the last glacial age invading low lands and rivers
C
a deep valley is created by retreating glaciers
D
land sinks due to movements of the crust

Question 502Single Answer

Fringing reef generally develops :

A
as a narrow band close to a shore
B
at some distance from the coast
C
as a ring around central lagoon
D
as a patch in the pelagic zone of the sea

Question 503Single Answer

According to River Continuum Concept of Vannote et. al (1980), the major sources of energy in medium - sized streams are :
(a) Fine particulate organic matter
(b) Coarse particulate organic matter
(c) Algae
(d) Aquatic plants
Choose the correct code :

A
(a) only
B
(b) and (c) only
C
(a), (c) and (d) only
D
(a), (b), (c), and (d)

Question 504Single Answer

Self - purification of running streams may be due to :

A
oxidation, sedimentation and coagulation
B
sedimentation, dilution and oxidation
C
dilution, sedimentation and coagulation
D
dilution, oxidation and coagulation

Question 505Single Answer

Given below are two statements. One labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R) :
Assertion (A) : The efficiency of a PV cell is limited by the quantum processes involving incident photons and the electrons in the cell .
Reason (R) : The band gap energy of the semiconducting material used to fabricate PV cell is less in comparison to the energies of photons of insolation .
Choose the correct answer :

A
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
B
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
C
(A) is true, but (R) is false
D
(A) is false, but (R) is true

Question 506Single Answer

Given below are two statements. One labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R) :
Assertion (A) : The recoverable renewable energy is a fraction of the resource base of the renewable sources available in the world .
Reason (R) : Much of the renewable energy is either of high entropy or too inaccessible to use .
Choose the correct answer :

A
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
B
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
C
(A) is true, but (R) is false
D
(A) is false, but (R) is true

Question 507Single Answer

Given below are two statements. One labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R) :
Assertion (A) : Tidal range is a critical factor in determining whether an estuary would be useful for tidal power generation .
Reason (R): Tidal power is proportional to tidal range .
Choose the correct answer :

A
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
B
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
C
(A) is true, but (R) is false
D
(A) is false, but (R) is true

Question 508Single Answer

A single solar cell on illumination by insolation of about 800 Wm^-2 produces a voltage of 0.5 V and a current upto 2.0A. The efficiency of the solar cell is 12.5%. The area of the cell is :

A
2 x 10^-2 m²
B
5 x 10^-3 m²
C
4 x 10^-4 m²
D
10^-2 m²

Question 509Single Answer

If the ion density in a high temperature fusion plasma consisting of deuterium and tritium fuel is 2.5 x 10²⁰ m^-3, the minimum confinement time required for nuclear fusion to produce net energy will be :

A
0.5 s
B
0.4 s
C
0.25 s
D
4.0 s

Question 510Single Answer

At present, which geothermal resource is exploited on commercial scale in the world ?

A
Magma
B
Hot dry rock
C
Geopressured
D
Hydrothermal

Question 511Single Answer

Which of the following substances has the maximum energy content (MJ/m³) ?

A
Methane gas
B
Liquid butane
C
Natural gas
D
Hydrogen gas

Question 512Single Answer

Given below are two statements. One labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R) :
Assertion (A) : The nuclei of elements such as plutonium and uranium have extremely large energy potentials .
Reason (R) : They are in states of thermodynamic non - equilibrium .
Choose the correct answer :

A
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is correct explanation of (A)
B
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is not the the correct explanation of (A)
C
(A) is true, but (R) is false
D
(A) is false, but (R) is true

Question 513Single Answer

In a nuclear fission reaction involving

and a slow neutron, the mass defect is found to be 0.223 u. How much energy will be released from 5.0 gram of

? (lu = 1.66 x 10^-27kg) .

A
426.7 GJ
B
85.3 GJ
C
170.6 GJ
D
42.6 GJ

Question 514Single Answer

Which of the following biofuels is produced from acidification and distillation of woody crops ?

A
Methanol
B
Ethanol
C
Producer gas
D
Esters

Question 515Single Answer

How thick a sound barrier be made if it is to attenuate efficiently sound transmitted at 5.0 kHz ?

A
~ 2.0 cm
B
~ 3.3 cm
C
~ 6.6 cm
D
~ 2.0 m

Question 516Single Answer

Identify the most reducing water sample as inferred from pE values given below :

A
pE = 15
B
pE = 12
C
pE = 7
D
pE = 5

Question 517Single Answer

Given below are two statements. One labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R) :
Assertion (A) : In an unpolluted and dust free atmosphere, rainwater pH is ~ 5.6 .
Reason (R) : Dissolution of carbon dioxide in rainwater produces hydrogen ions .
Choose the correct answer :

A
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
B
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
C
(A) is true, but (R) is false
D
(A) is false, but (R) is true

Question 518Single Answer

As per BIS, the recommended pH for drinking water is :

A
5.0 - 6.5
B
6.5 - 8.5
C
7.5 - 9.0
D
8 - 10

Question 519Single Answer

In the disinfection of water by chlorine, the most reactive chlorine species is :

A
CI₂
B
CIO⁻
C
HOCI
D
CI⁻

Question 520Single Answer

Given below are two statements. One labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R) :
Assertion (A): Black carbon contributes to global warming .
Reason (R): Black carbon behaves like a black body .
Choose the correct answer :

A
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
B
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
C
(A) is true, but (R) is false
D
(A) is false, but (R) is true

Question 521Single Answer

Which of the following air pollutants are responsible for photochemical smog ?
(a) Oxides of nitrogen
(b) Ozone
(c) Unburnt hydrocarbons
(d) Sulphur dioxide
Choose the correct code :

A
(a), (b) and (d) only
B
(a), (b) and (c) only
C
(c) and (d) only
D
(a) and (c) only

Question 522Single Answer

Temporary hardness is caused by :

A
Calcium sulphate
B
Magnesium sulphate
C
Magnesium carbonate
D
Magnesium chloride

Question 523Single Answer

Bioremediation of soil is not achieved readily if :

A
Contaminant is a lighter molecule
B
Contaminant has high aromaticity
C
Contaminant is a polar molecule
D
Contaminant is non-halogenated

Question 524Single Answer

Given below are two statements. One labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R) :
Assertion (A) : Traffic policemen in urban centres generally suffer from oxygen deficiency .
Reason (R) : Carbon dioxide forms a very strong complex with haemoglobin .
Choose the correct answer :

A
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
B
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
C
(A) is true, but (R) is false
D
(A) is false, but (R) is true

Question 525Single Answer

A bar graph whose bars are drawn in decreasing order of frequency is :

A
histogram
B
frequency polygon
C
pareto chart
D
cumulative bar chart

Question 526Single Answer

If four groups of vehicles consisting of 5, 10, 12 and 8 cars reported the gaseous pollutant emissions of 1.2 kg, 2.1 kg, 3.0 kg and 1.5 kg per day respectively, then the mean emission of gaseous pollutant from all cars is :

A
4.43 kg/day
B
2.14 kg/day
C
4.80 kg/day
D
3.12 kg/day

Question 527Single Answer

A sample of 10 measurements of diameter of trees in a survey gives a mean of 43.8 cm and a standard deviation of 0.6 cm. Given t = 2.26, the 95% confidence limit for the actual diameter is in between :

A
41.54 and 46.06 cm
B
43.348 and 44.252 cm
C
43.20 and 44.812 cm
D
43.252 and 44.348 cm

Question 528Single Answer

In a fish population of a pond it is believed that males and females are in equal proportion. If out of 200 fish in a catch, 120 are male and 80 are female, then the Chi square (x²) value is :

A
8
B
4
C
16
D
12

Question 529Single Answer

In multiple regression analysis, the value that refers to the extent of possible variance in the dependent variable that can be accounted for, by the independent variable is :

A
R Value
B
Adjusted R² Value
C
'r' Value
D
1/R Value

Question 530Single Answer

A population size at t = 0 is 80 and has a growth rate of 0.12. If the population follows logistic growth, what is the growth rate constant if the carrying capacity is 240 ?

A
5.32
B
9.60
C
0.18
D
3.80

Question 531Single Answer

In a city of area (8 km × 8 km), the vehicular traffic is releasing 10^-5 g/m²-s of CO during the winter season between 4 pm and 8 pm. During this period mixing height is 100 m. The wind is blowing in the city at a speed of 4.0 m/s along the side of the city. If the initial concentration of CO at 4 pm was negligible, the estimated concentration of CO after 4 hours should be :

A
0.2 mg/m³
B
3.2 mg/m³
C
2.0 mg/m³
D
20.0 mg/m³

Question 532Single Answer

In the Gaussian plume model, the effective stack height is the sum of actual stack height and the plume rise which depends on :
(a) buoyancy of exhaust gases
(b) momentum of exhaust gases
(c) stability of the atmosphere
(d) emission rate of the pollutants
Choose the correct code :

A
(a), (b) and (d)
B
(a), (b), (c) and (d)
C
(a), (c) and (d)
D
(a), (b) and (c)

Question 533Single Answer

Given below are two statements. One labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R) :
Assertion (A) : Global shipping is a source of net cooling of atmosphere .
Reason (R) : Ships are responsible for significant amounts of sulphur emissions .
Choose the correct answer :

A
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
B
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
C
(A) is true, but (R) is false
D
(A) is false, but (R) is true

Question 534Single Answer

Given below are two statements. One labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R) :
Assertion (A) : Ozone depletion in stratosphere causes melanoma .
Reason (R) : Ozone is a gas which largely absorbs UV - A radiation .
Choose the correct answer :

A
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
B
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
C
(A) is true, but (R) is false
D
(A) is false, but (R) is true

Question 535Single Answer

Identify the incorrect statement with regard to saline and alkaline soil :

A
These show white incrustation of salts of calcium, magnesium and sodium on the soil surface
B
These soils are infertile
C
These soils are poor in drainage
D
These soils are pervious

Question 536Single Answer

Given below are two statements. One labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R) :
Assertion (A) : Phosphorus limits eutrophication if nitrogen is eight times more abundant (weight wise) than phosphorus in fresh water .
Reason (R) : About eight times more nitrogen (weight wise) is required than phosphorus for plant growth .
Choose the correct answer :

A
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
B
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
C
(A) is true, but (R) is false
D
(A) is false, but (R) is true

Question 537Single Answer

World Biodiversity day is celebrated every year on :

A
March 22
B
May 22
C
July 22
D
November 22

Question 538Single Answer

A Ramsar site not able to perform its ecological functions comes under :

A
Montreal protocol
B
Montreux record
C
Montreal record
D
Montreaux protocol

Question 539Single Answer

Which of the following bacterium is called as the superbug that could clean up oil spills ?

A
Bacillus denitrificans
B
Pseudomonas denitrificans
C
Pseudomonas putida
D
Bacillus subtillis

Question 540Single Answer

For the scientific research or investigations, the chief wildlife warden may grant the permission to public to enter a sanctuary under the section :

A
35 of The wildlife (Protection) Act 1972
B
28 of The Wildlife (Protection) Act 1972
C
72 of The Indian Fores Act 1922
D
73 of The Indian Forest Act 1927

Question 541Single Answer

Power to issue notification reserving the trees or class of trees in a protected forest lies with :

A
Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, GOI
B
Biodiversity Board
C
State Government
D
Central Government

Question 542Single Answer

In which stage of decomposition of landfilled waste, the bacteria acetogen helps to reduce the pH of leachate and allows heavy metals to be solubilized ?

A
Aerobic Phase
B
Acid Phase
C
Unsteady Methanogenisis Stage
D
Steady Methanogenisis Stage

Question 543Single Answer

Choose the correct sequence in resource recovery for mixed solid waste :

A
Screening → Air classifier → Shredder → Magnetic separation
B
Magnetic separation → Shredder → Screening → Air classifier
C
Shredder → Screening. → Air classifier → Magnetic separation
D
Screening →Shredder → Magnetic separation → Air classifier

Question 544Single Answer

Onsight mulching and composting of waste is a component of integrated solid waste management under the process of :

A
recycling
B
disposal
C
source reduction
D
disinfection

Question 545Single Answer

Match the List - I and List - II. Identify the correct answer from the code given below :
List - I (Waste types) List - II (Disposal methods)
(a) Human tissues (i) Disinfection and shredding
(b) Laboratory wastes (ii) Disinfection and discharge into drains
(c) Waste sharps (iii) Autoclaving
(d) Liquid waste (iv) Incineration and deep burial
Code :

A
(a) (b) (c) (d)
iv iii i ii
B
ii iii iv i
C
iii iv ii i
D
iv iii ii i

Question 546Single Answer

Which of the following materials are used as landfill sealants for the control of gas and leachate ?
(a) Fly ash
(b) Lime
(c) Bentonite
(d) Butyl rubber
Choose the correct code :

A
(a) and (b) only
B
(b) and (c) only
C
(c) and (d) only
D
(d) and (a) only

Question 547Single Answer

Select the correct sequence with reference to Environmental Management System ISO1401 :

A
Environmental policy → Implementation and operation → Checking and corrective action → Management review
B
Implementation and operation → Checking and corrective action → Management review → Environmental policy
C
Implementation and operation → Environmental policy Checking and corrective action → Management review
D
Checking and corrective action → Management review → Implementation and operation → Environmental policy

Question 548Single Answer

Match the List - I and List - II. Identify the correct answer from the code given below :
List - I (EIA process) List - II (Features)
(a) Environmental Baseline (i) Systematic Appraisal of EIS
(b) Development Action (ii) Avoid, reduce and remedy for impacts
(c) Mitigation measures (iii) Rationale of the Project
(d) Review (iv) Establishment of present and future state of environment
Codes :

A
(a) (b) (c) (d)
iv iii ii i
B
i ii iii iv
C
ii iii iv i
D
iii iv i ii

Question 549Single Answer

The type of project in 'B' category in the schedule attached with EIA notification of 14th September 2006, needs environmental clearance from :
(a) Central Govt. without the recommendation of the Expert Appraisal Committee .
(b) State Govt. on the recommendation of the State Expert Appraisal Committee .
(c) State Environmental Impact Assessment Authority on the recommendation of State Expert Appraisal Committee .
Choose the correct code :

A
(a) and (b) only
B
(b) and (c) only
C
(c) only
D
(c) and (a) only

Question 550Single Answer

Match the List - I and List - II. Identify the correct answer from the code given below :
List - I (Process) List - II (Description)
(a) Development action (i) Compensation for adverse impacts
(b) Environmental baseline (ii) Development stages and processes
(c) Impacts prediction (iii) Establishment of future and present state of environment
(d) Mitigation measures (iv) Magnitude of identified change in environment
Code :

A
(a) (b) (c) (d)
iv iii iv i
B
iii i ii iv
C
ii i iii iv
D
i ii iii iv

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Environment Science

Question 551Single Answer

Battelle - Columbus environmental evaluation system is used to assess the impact of :

A
Mining development projects
B
Pulp and paper mill projects
C
Water resources projects
D
Highway projects

Question 552Single Answer

The innermost layer of the earth is made up of :

A
Silicon and alumina
B
Silicon and magnesium
C
Silicon and nickel
D
Nickel and iron

Question 553Single Answer

The heat is distributed through a vertical mixing process called :

A
Advection
B
Diffusion
C
Convection
D
Turbulance

Question 554Single Answer

Which of the following statement(s) is/are true for an isothermal process ?
(a) There is no change in enthalpy
(b) There is no change in internal energy
(c) There is change in temperature
Choose the correct code :

A
(a) only
B
(b) and (c) only
C
(a) and (b) only
D
(a), (b) and (c)

Question 555Single Answer

Which of the following is not a heavy metal ?

A
Lead
B
Mercury
C
Bismuth
D
Aluminum

Question 556Single Answer

The dominant dissolved carbon dioxide species in sea water is :

A
Bicarbonate ion
B
Carbonate ion
C
Carbonic acid
D
Aquated carbon dioxide

Question 557Single Answer

A solution of chemical 'A' having its 0.14 mol L^-1 concentration has an absorbance of . 0.42. Another solution of 'A' under the same conditions has an absorbance of 0.36. What is the concentration of this solution of 'A' ?

A
0.108 mol L^-1
B
0.35 mol L^-1
C
0.12 mol L^-1
D
0.10 mol L^-1

Question 558Single Answer

Which one of the following is not a soil micronutrient ?

A
Sulphur
B
Boron
C
Iron
D
Zinc

Question 559Single Answer

If life of NO₂ be 0.693 day, its residence time is :

A
1.44 days
B
1.0 day
C
0.693 day
D
0.48 day

Question 560Single Answer

The general molecular formula of PAN type compound is :

A
C_x H_yOONO₂
B
C_x H_yOO₂NO₂
C
C_xH_x00₂NO₂
D
C_xH_YONO₂

Question 561Single Answer

In an ecosystem, which one of the following is a micro - consumer ?

A
Herbivores
B
Omnivores
C
Carnivores
D
Saprotrophs

Question 562Single Answer

A structure with hundreds of species nonlinearly interlinked for their livelyhood is called :

A
Guild
B
Food chain
C
Food web
D
Pyramid

Question 563Single Answer

The process of examination of change in species diversity between ecosystems is a measure of :

A
Alpha diversity
B
Beta diversity
C
Gamma diversity
D
Genetic diversity

Question 564Single Answer

Red tide is caused by :

A
Diatoms
B
Dianoflagillates
C
Navicula
D
Desmids

Question 565Single Answer

The unidirectional series of changes from an uninhabited water body to a water body inhabited by a stable aquatic community are called :

A
Eutrophication
B
Succession
C
Regeneration
D
Reclamation

Question 566Single Answer

Under the clear Sunny day, the maximum depth of the ocean at which photosynthesis can occur is :

A
10 m
B
250 m
C
80 m
D
600 m

Question 567Single Answer

The organism likely to be most similar to the first life form that evolved on the earth is :

A
Blue green algae
B
Methane producing bacteria
C
Protozoan
D
Red algae

Question 568Single Answer

A landform that results from free fall of rocks is called :

A
Alluvial fan
B
Debris flow
C
Talus slope
D
Valley fills

Question 569Single Answer

In India lignite is mined in :

A
Neyveli
B
Jharia
C
Cartosat
D
Singareni

Question 570Single Answer

Tree height can be measured using remote sensing data from :

A
Resourcesat
B
Landsat
C
Cartosat
D
RISAT

Question 571Single Answer

Ecosystem restoration deals with restoring :

A
Ecosystem integrity
B
Biodiversity
C
Physical environment
D
Ecosystem resistance

Question 572Single Answer

A single solar cell (10 cm x 10 cm) produces a voltage of 0.5 V and a current upto 2.5 A. If the solar insolation is 800 W/m², the efficiency of the solar cell is :

A
~ 15.6 %
B
~ 24.6 %
C
~ 12.3 %
D
~ 10.2 %

Question 573Single Answer

Which of the following atoms is not fissile ?

Question 574Single Answer

Which of the following fuels has minimum nitrogen content ?

A
Crude oil
B
CNG
C
Producer gas
D
LPG

Question 575Single Answer

Maximum sulfur content is found in which grade of coal ?

A
Bituminous
B
Sub bituminous
C
Lignite
D
Anthracite

Question 576Single Answer

Which of the following solar cell materials has maximum efficiency ?

A
Cd Te, thin film
B
Si, polycrystalline
C
Amorphous Si: Ge : H film
D
Ga As, single crystal

Question 577Single Answer

Noise level of 70 dB corresponds to sound intensity of :

A
10^-5 Wm^-2
B
10^-7Wm^-2
C
10^-4Wm^-2
D
10^-3.5Wm^-2

Question 578Single Answer

At 25°C and 1 atm. pressure, 1 ppm concentration of SO₂ is equivalent to :

A
1310 µg/m³
B
1826 µg/m³
C
2620 µg/m³
D
5240 µg/m³

Question 579Single Answer

Given below are two statements. One labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R) :
Assertion (A) : Arsenic (III) is more toxic than arsenic (V) .
Reason (R) : Arsenic (V) binds the sulfhydryl group more strongly than arsenic (III) .
Choose the correct answer :

A
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
B
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
C
(A) is true, but (R) is false
D
(A) is false and (R) is true

Question 580Single Answer

The half life period of a radioactive substance is 32 h. How much time it would take for its 75% disintegration ?

A
16 h
B
96 h
C
128 h
D
64 h

Question 581Single Answer

Match the List - I and List - II. Identify the correct answer from the code given below :
List - I (Pesticides) List - II (Target)
(a) Avicide (i) Fish
(b) Disinfectant (ii) Plants
(c) Herbicide (iii) Birds
(d) Piscicide (iv) Micro - organisms
Code :

A
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
B
(ii) (i) (iii) (iv)
C
(iii) (iv) (ii) (i)
D
(iv) (ii) (i) (iii)

Question 582Single Answer

Nitrogen fixation in nature is not accomplished by :

A
Lightning
B
Cyanobacteria
C
Rotifers
D
Bacteria in root nodules of Leguminous plants

Question 583Single Answer

Which country has opted out of Paris Agreement on climate change ?

A
USA
B
Canada
C
Australia
D
Russia

Question 584Single Answer

Under the EIA notification of 14th September, 2006, preparation of EIA is not required for the projects falling in the :

A
Category 'A' projects
B
Category 'B' projects
C
Category B, projects
D
Category B, projects

Question 585Single Answer

Which type of projects usually require an EIA ?

A
Community garden development
B
Mining and mineral development projects
C
Outdoor recreation
D
Development of community wells

Question 586Single Answer

Match the List - I and List - II. Identify the correct answer from the code given below :
List - I (Series) List - II (Environmental labelling)
(a) ISO 14021 (i) Principles and procedures
(b) ISO 14022 (ii) Self declaration of environmental claims
(c) ISO 14023 (iii) Symbols
(d) ISO 14024 (iv) Testing and verification methods
Code:

A
(a) (b) (c) (d)
i ii iii iv
B
ii iii iv i
C
iii iv i ii
D
iv i iii ii

Question 587Single Answer

Match the List - I and List - II. Identify the correct answer from the code given below:
List - I (Acts) List - II (Year)
(a) Environmental Protection Act (i) 1991
(b) Air (Prevention and Control (ii) 1977 of Pollution) Act
(c) Water (Prevention and Control (iii) 1981 of Pollution) Act
(d) Public Liability Insurance Act (iv) 1986
Code :

A
(a) (b) (c) (d)
i ii iii iv
B
ii iii iv i
C
iii iv i ii
D
iv iii ii i

Question 588Single Answer

Match the List - I and List - II. Identify the correct answer from the code given below :
List - I (Aerosol) List - II (Source)
(a) Primary natural aerosol (i) Organic matter from biogenic gases
(b) Secondary natural aerosol (ii) Soot from biomass burning
(c) Primary anthro Pogenic aerosol (iii) Sulphate aerosol from powerplant SO2 emissions
(d) Secondary anthro- Pogenic aerosol (iv) Soil dust
Code :

A
(a) (b) (c) (d)
i ii iii iv
B
ii iii iv i
C
iii iv i ii
D
iv i ii iii

Question 589Single Answer

Articles 21, 48 - A and 51- A(g), which aim to protect and improve the environment and safe guard forests and wildlife, incorporate which of the following principles of environmental law ?

A
Polluter pays principle
B
Precautionary principle
C
Principle of strict liability
D
Moral duty of the state

Question 590Single Answer

Which is the correct classification of forests under the Indian Forest Act, 1927 ?

A
Grasslands, tropical forests, wetlands
B
Protected forest, reserved forest, village forest
C
Wildlife sanctuary, national parks, biosphere reserve
D
Private forest, social forest, town forest

Question 591Single Answer

Hardening of the steel releases the hazardous waste containing :

A
Brine sludge containing mercury
B
Cyanide nitrate containing sludge
C
Lead bearing residues
D
Tar containing waste

Question 592Single Answer

Red coloured containers in the hospitals are used to dump :

A
Waste from laboratory cultures
B
House keeping waste
C
Human anatomical waste
D
Waste sharps

Question 593Single Answer

Mercury pollution is considered hazardous to human health because,

A
Mercury is a pure metal and hard to digest
B
Mercury accumulates and its concentration increases high up in the food chain
C
Mercury is highly soluble in water and easily absorbed by human body
D
Mercury is heavy and is not dispersed by the wind

Question 594Single Answer

In the context of Gaussian Plume Dispersion model assumptions, consider the following statements :
(a) The pollutants have the same density as the air surrounding them .
(b) The atmosphere is stable .
Choose the correct code :

A
Both (a) and (b) are true
B
(a) is true, (b) is false
C
(a) is false, (b) is true
D
Both (a) and (b) are false

Question 595Single Answer

Graphically depicting a group of numerical data through their Quartile is :

A
Histogram
B
Frequency polygon
C
Box plot
D
Pie chart

Question 596Single Answer

If, out of 50 fish of a pond, 12 had no ectoparasite and remaining had varying numbers of parasites on them, then how many of fish had at least one parasite ?

A
4
B
24
C
38
D
16

Question 597Single Answer

In a One - way ANOVA, explained variance was found to be 8.0 and unexplained variance was 3.67. The F - ratio is :

A
0.46
B
4.26
C
2.0
D
2.18

Question 598Single Answer

In total global emissions of CO₂, India's contribution is about :

A
~ 3%
B
~ 6%
C
~ 9%
D
~ 12%

Question 599Single Answer

According to IPCC, in order to restrict global mean temperature rise to 2°C by the year 2050, global energy related CO₂ emissions (reference year 2005) need to be cut down by the year 2050 by :

A
~ 50%
B
~ 90%
C
~ 40%
D
~ 30%

Question 600Single Answer

Global average water consumption (L/person/ day) is :

A
~ 53
B
~ 20
C
~ 42
D
~ 80

Question 601Single Answer

In a city, half a million cars travel approximately 20 km on a given day. The average HC emission rate is 2.0 g per car km. Assuming that the average molecular weight of all the emitted HCs is equal to that of CH₄, how much volume of HC is released in the city each day ?

A
1.4 × 10⁴ m³/day
B
2.8 × 10⁴ m³/day
C
6.1 x 10⁴ m³/day
D
11.3 x 10⁴ m³/day

Question 602Single Answer

The sum of the internal energy and product of pressure and volume is known as :

A
Enthalpy
B
Gibbs free energy
C
Entropy
D
Helmholtz free energy

Question 603Single Answer

If at latitude ɸ = 30°, pressure gradient is 15 mb per 1000 km, the geostrophic wind velocity will be :

A
~ 20.54 m/s
B
~ 15.92 m/s
C
~ 7.96 m/s
D
~ 10.27 m/s

Question 604Single Answer

In a cloud free weather, there is an atmospheric window, which is transparent to terrestrial radiation in the wavelength band :

A
1618 nm - 23400 nm
B
2168 nm - 4610 nm
C
12500 nm - 17000 nm
D
7000 nm - 13500 nm

Question 605Single Answer

are environmental and dry adiabatic lapse rates respectively, which of the following types of plume emitted from a stack of a thermal power plant is observed ?

A
Fanning
B
Fumigating
C
Looping
D
Coning

Question 606Single Answer

Out of the following two statements, identify the correct one(s) :
(a) An aqueous solution of sodium carbonate is alkaline .
(b) An aqueous solution of carbon dioxide is acidic .

A
(a) is correct, (b) is incorrect
B
(a) is incorrect, (b) is correct
C
Both (a) and (b) are incorrect
D
Both (a) and (b) are correct

Question 607Single Answer

The photodissociation of NO, yields which oxygen species ?

A
O(³P)
B
O(¹D)
C
O⁺
D
O^-

Question 608Single Answer

The vapour pressure of bromobenzene above its ideal dilute aqueous solution of molality 0.1 mol kg^-1 is 24.0 kPa. Calculate the Henry's law constant of bromobenzene :

A
240 kPa kg mol^-1
B
220 kPa kg mol^-1
C
460 kPa kg mol^-1
D
400 kPa kg mol^-1

Question 609Single Answer

In the Spectrophotometric Study, if a sample has transmittance of 50%, then its absorbance is :

A
0.5
B
0.3
C
1.0
D
0.7

Question 610Single Answer

Given below are two statements. One labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A) : Sandy soil helps promote good drainage and aeration .
Reason (R) : Sandy soil particles have size in the range 0.05 - 2.0 mm .
Choose the correct answer :

A
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
B
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
C
(A) is true, but (R) is false
D
(A) is false and (R) is true

Question 611Single Answer

Night - time tropospheric chemistry is dominated by which of the following radicals ?

A
NO₃
B
OH
C
HO₂
D
O

Question 612Single Answer

Given below are two statements. One labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R) :
Assertion (A) : Chlorine, which is widely used as an effective and relatively inexpensive disinfectant in water, generates toxic organochlorine compounds in water .
Reason (R) : Hypochlorous acid reacts rapidly with humic acids and hydroxobenzenes .
Choose the correct answer :

A
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
B
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
C
(A) is true, but (R) is false
D
(A) is false and (R) is true

Question 613Single Answer

In the context of argentometric titration of chloride ions in a water sample, identify the incorrect statement :

A
Titrant is silver nitrate solution
B
Indicator is potassium chromate
C
Colour of the end - point is lemon - yellow
D
pH of water sample should be less than 5

Question 614Single Answer

The reaction of OH radicals with which of the following species generates hydrogen atom ?

A
CH₄
B
NH₃
C
CO
D
NO₂

Question 615Single Answer

Which of the following statements is true for an ideal dilute solution ?

A
Solute and solvent both obey Raoult's law
B
Solute obeys Raoult's law and solvent obeys Henry's law
C
Solute obeys Henry's law and solvent obeys Raoult's law
D
Solute and solvent both obey Henry's law

Question 616Single Answer

Given below are two statements. One labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R) :
Assertion (A) : The living components ecosystems are not immortal .
Reason (R) : Depending on the biological longevity, all living systems become abiotic constituents .
Choose the correct answer :

A
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
B
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
C
(A) is true, but (R) is false
D
(A) is false and (R) is true

Question 617Single Answer

The movement of energy from primary producers to consumers is effected by :

A
The process of eating
B
The rate of rainfall
C
The rate of evaporation
D
The rate of transpiration

Question 618Single Answer

The result of removal of primary producers and subsequent reduction in population size leading to change in community attributes is referred to as :

A
Top down cascade
B
Bottom up cascade
C
Population decline
D
Community collapse

Question 619Single Answer

The amount of accumulated dead organic matter in different forest types :

A
Decreases from pole to equator
B
Increases from tropic of cancer to tropic of Capricorn
C
Increases from pole to equator
D
Stabilizes at any point between two

Question 620Single Answer

Which one of the following termite gut microbe contributes to degradation of cellulose ?

A
Trichonympha sp
B
Enterococcus sp
C
Enterobacter sp
D
Citrobacter sp

Question 621Single Answer

Match the List - I and List - II. Identify the correct answer from the code given below :
List - I (Group of Plankton) List - II (Example)
(a) Macroplankton (i) Rotifera
(b) Nanoplankton (ii) Copepoda
(c) Mesoplanktor (iii) Pyrrophyta
(d) Microplankton (iv) Amphipoda
Codes :

A
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(iii) (iv) (i) (ii)
B
(ii) (i) (iv) (iii)
C
(i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
D
(iv) (iii) (ii) (i)

Question 622Single Answer

The size of the Femtoplankton is in the range :

A
0.2 - 2.0 µm
B
< 0.2 μm
C
> 5.0 μm
D
0.5 - 1.0 μm

Question 623Single Answer

As of July 2017, the total number of National Parks existing in India is :

A
127
B
103
C
97
D
100

Question 624Single Answer

Given below are two statements. One labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R) :
Assertion (A) : Some infectious particles loose their infectious ability in territories closer to equator, with high average of daily sunshine hours .
Reason (R) : UV incidence can determine the survival of infectious particles .
Choose the correct answer :

A
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
B
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
C
(A) is true, but (R) is false
D
(A) is false and (R) is true

Question 625Single Answer

An organism that represents both primary producer and primary consumer of an aquatic ecosystem is :

A
Phytoplankton
B
Bacterioplankton
C
Benthic algae
D
Zooplankton

Question 626Single Answer

Given below are two statements. One labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R) :
Assertion (A) : The ¹⁸O/¹⁶O ratio in a natural system can be used as a thermometer .
Reason (R) : The fractions of ¹⁸O/¹⁶O depend on temperature .
Choose the correct answer :

A
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
B
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
C
(A) is true, but (R) is false
D
(A) is false and (R) is true

Question 627Single Answer

Most suitable spectral region for studying Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect is :

A
3 - 5 μm
B
8 - 10 μm
C
10 - 12 μm
D
1 - 3 μm

Question 628Single Answer

Which factor(s) may affect species richness on island ?
(a) Area of the island
(b) Distance from the mainland
(c) Shape of the island
Choose the correct code :

A
(a) and (b) only
B
(b) and (c) only
C
(a) and (c) only
D
(a), (b) and (c)

Question 629Single Answer

Delineation of water - nonwater boundary in remote sensing is best done using :

A
0.5 - 0.6 μm
B
0.6 - 0.7 μm
C
0.7 - 0.9 μm
D
1 - 3 μm

Question 630Single Answer

Environmentalists oppose the mining of antarctic mineral resources because :

A
The demand for minerals is expected to decline as the world's nations become more industrialized
B
Environment of Antarctica is extremely vulnerable and fragile to the disturbance that would occur with the development
C
Territorial claims to Antarctica are unresolved
D
Currenty known reserves of minerals and metals are considered inexhaustible

Question 631Single Answer

Which of the following statements is not true for the solubility of CO₂ in seawater ?

A
It increases with increase in partial pressure of CO₂
B
It increases with increase in pH
C
It increases with increase in temperature
D
It decrease with increase in salinity

Question 632Single Answer

What was the theme for the International Ozone Day (year 2017) ?

A
'Caring for all life under the Sun'
B
'Ozone : All there is between you and UV'
C
'Ozone and Climate : Restored by a World'
D
'30 years of healing Ozone Together'

Question 633Single Answer

Given below are two statements. One labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R) :
Assertion (A) : OTEC power plants have low efficiences .
Reason (R) : Efficiency is governed by 2nd law of thermodynamics .
Choose the correct answer :

A
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
B
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
C
(A) is true, but (R) is false
D
(A) is false and (R) is true

Question 634Single Answer

Given below are two statements. One labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R) :
Assertion (A) : The efficiency of a silicon solar cell decreases with increase in temperature .
Reason (R) : The intrinsic resistance of the solar cell increases with rise in temperature .
Choose the correct answer :

A
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
B
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
C
(A) is true, but (R) is false
D
(A) is false and (R) is true

Question 635Single Answer

Given below are two statements. One labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R) :
Assertion (A) : The rotor blades of wind - turbine execute rotational motion when moving air impinges on them .
Reason (R) : The momentum of the moving air is transferred to the moving blades .
Choose the correct answer :

A
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
B
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
C
(A) is true, but (R) is false
D
(A) is false and (R) is true

Question 636Single Answer

A tidal power station has basin areas 10,000 m² and water trapped at height = 2.0 m above low tide. If the density of sea water is 1025 kgm³, the potential energy available for every tidal period is :

A
~ 201 MJ
B
~ 402 MJ
C
~ 240 MJ
D
~ 480 MJ

Question 637Single Answer

A typical fission reaction involving an atom

leads to a mass defect = 0.37 x 10^-27 kg. How much energy is going to be released by 1.0 g of

A
3.33 x 10^-11 MJ
B
2.23 x 10¹² MJ
C
2.56 x 10⁴ MJ
D
8.53 × 10⁴ MJ

Question 638Single Answer

Given below are two statements. One labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R) :
Assertion (A) : To exploit renewable energy, quite large structures are required relative to the power produced .
Reason (R) : Power flux densities of renewable energy sources are appreciably lower compared to fossil fuels .
Choose the correct answer :

A
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
B
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
C
(A) is true, but (R) is false
D
(A) is false and (R) is true

Question 639Single Answer

Biodiesel is produced from oils and fats using :

A
Transesterification
B
Anaerobic digestion
C
Pyrolysis
D
Fermentation

Question 640Single Answer

On take off, an aeroplane generates noise level of 120 dB. If 5 such aeroplanes take - off simultaneously what will be the noise level ?

A
~ 126.98 dB
B
~ 124.98 dB
C
~ 123.86 dB
D
~ 122.98 dB

Question 641Single Answer

CRIEGEE intermediate is formed in which of the following atmospheric reactions ?

A
Olefin and Ozone
B
Ethane and Ozone
C
Acedaldehyde and Ozone
D
NO₂ and Ozone

Question 642Single Answer

In the purification of drinking water, the purpose of aeration is not to :

A
Remove dissolved gases such as H₂S
B
Remove volatile organic compounds
C
Oxidize soluble Fe²⁺ to Fe³⁺
D
Precipitate colloidal particles

Question 643Single Answer

Which of the following is an organocarbamate insecticide ?

A
Parathion
B
Chloropyritos
C
Aldicarb
D
Malathion

Question 644Single Answer

A bag containing a mixed feitilizer is labelled 5 - 10 - 5. It indicates :

A
5% P ; 10% N ; 5% K
B
5% N ; 10% P₂O₅ ; 5% K₂0
C
5% N₂O ; 10% PH, ; 5% K₂O
D
5% N ; 10% PH₃; 5% K₂O

Question 645Single Answer

The bioremediation technique of a contaminated soil does not require the fulfilment of which of the following conditions ?

A
Waste must be present in a physical form that is susceptible to microbes
B
Waste must be susceptible to biodegradation
C
Environmental conditions such as pH, temperature and oxygen level must be appropriate
D
Microbes of any type must be available

Question 646Single Answer

Given below are two statements. One labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R) :
Assertion (A) : Organophosphate have lower values of partition coefficient, Kow, than organochlorine pesticides .
Reason (R) : Organophosphate insecticide molecules have lower ability to form hydrogen bonds with water than organochlorine pesticides .
Choose the correct answer :

A
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
B
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
C
(A) is true, but (R) is false
D
(A) is false and (R) is true

Question 647Single Answer

Given below are two statements. One labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R) :
Assertion (A) : NOX and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are primary precursors in photochemical smog formation .
Reason (R) : NOX and VOCs form oxidants by thermal reactions .
Choose the correct answer :

A
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
B
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
C
(A) is true, but (R) is false
D
(A) is false and (R) is true

Question 648Single Answer

The dominant species, which removes hydroxyl radical in troposphere, is :

A
CH₄
B
CO
C
NO
D
NO₂

Question 649Single Answer

Match the List - I and List - II. Identify the correct answer from the code given below :
List - I (EIA methods) List - II (Features)
(a) Overlays (i) Environmental Evaluation System
(b) Networks (ii) Adaptive environmental assessment
(c) Battelle Columbus (iii) Environmental Systems as a complex web
(d) Simulation modelling (iv) Composite impact by superimposing maps
Code :

A
(a) (b) (c) (d)
i ii iii iv
B
ii iii iv i
C
iii iv i ii
D
iv iii i ii

Question 650Single Answer

The baseline studies in EIA pertain to :

A
Collection of demographic data only
B
Prediction of significant residual environmental impact
C
Existing environmental setting of the proposed development area
D
Selection of the best project option available

Question 651Single Answer

Which one of the following steps is not included in the scoping process ?

A
Baseline descriptions and potential additional data collection needs
B
Description of environmental impacts and creation of contingency plan
C
Defining a set of criteria to assess the project
D
Setting of experts team that will conduct ΕΙΑ

Question 652Single Answer

A company conducted an environmental risk assessment to evaluate the possible impacts of releasing various levels of pollutants from a chemical plant. An environmental risk assessment should focus on :

A
Beneficial aspects of the products produced by the plant
B
The legislative requirements related to the human health effects as a result of exposure to the pollutant
C
The quantification of hazards to the local environment from pollutants released
D
Detailed outline of the management process to reduce the health effects related to exposure to the pollutants

Question 653Single Answer

In EIA the multi - attribute utility theory is used to describe :

A
The identification of the alternatives to be evaluated and structuring of environmental parameters
B
Existing environmental quality of study area
C
The socio - economic status of the area development
D
The risk involved in a project

Question 654Single Answer

Under the Air Act, 1981, which body is empowered to set standard for ambient air quality ?

A
MOEFCC
B
Ministry of Home Affairs
C
Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB)
D
State Ministry of Home Affairs

Question 655Single Answer

What is meant by the doctrine of riparian rights ?

A
Prevention is better than cure
B
One who pollutes the water, must pay for it
C
Every owner has a right to get unpolluted water without alteration
D
All of the above

Question 656Single Answer

Which environmental legislation in India makes it compulsory to obtain prior approval of the Central Government for diversion of forest lands for non forest purposes ?

A
Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
B
Indian Forest Act, 1927
C
Forest Conservation Act, 1980
D
Traditional forest - Dwellers (Forest rights) Act, 2006

Question 657Single Answer

The Lime stabilization and drying of biosolids ensure :
(a) Creating unfavourable condition to vector
(b) High pH of contents in biosolids
(c) Reduction of all toxic elements
Choose the correct answer :

A
(a), (b) and (c)
B
(a) and (c) only
C
(a) and (b) only
D
(b) and (c) only

Question 658Single Answer

Which one of the following waste may undergo exothermic self - accelerating decomposition ?

A
Organic peroxides
B
Arsenic bearing sludges
C
Organo - Chlorines
D
Vinylchlorides

Question 659Single Answer

According to Plastic Waste (Management and Handling) Rules 2011, recycling of the plastic should be done according to :

A
IS/ISO 14852 : 1991
B
IS/ISO 17088 : 2008
C
IS 9833 : 1981
D
IS 14534 : 1998

Question 660Single Answer

Which of the following is not a Millennium Development Goal ?

A
Ensuring environmental sustainability
B
Eradicating extreme hunger and poverty
C
Developing global partnership for development
D
Achieving universal energy security

Question 661Single Answer

The definition of 'air pollutant' as per section 2(a) of Air Act, 1981 includes :

A
Liquid and gaseous substances
B
Solid, liquid and gaseous substances including noise
C
Gaseous substances
D
Solid, liquid and gaseous substances

Question 662Single Answer

In a population of 210 individuals, 72 are smokers and 138 are non - smokers. If a person is selected with an equal chance to each category, what is the probability of that person being a smoker ?

A
0.25
B
0.50
C
0.34
D
0.75

Question 663Single Answer

If the mean value (X) of a normally distributed data is 10 and number of observation (n) = 36 with an standard deviation (sd) of 0.3, then 90% confidence interval is :

A
10 + 0.08
B
10 ± 8.23
C
10 ± 0.16
D
10 ± 4.15

Question 664Single Answer

Consider a tall stack emitting a pollutant at the rate 5.0 gms in the atmosphere where wind is blowing in X - direction with an average velocity of 2.0 ms at the stack height. What will be the maximum ground level concentration if the effective stack height is 30.0 m and the Gaussian plume is assumed with dispersion parameters σ_y = 50.0 m and σ_z= 30.0 m ?

A
~ 180 µgm^-3
B
~ 320 µgm^-3
C
~ 240 µgm^-3
D
~ 415 µgm^-3

Question 665Single Answer

Which of the following material(s) are used as land fill liner for the control of gas and leachate movement ?
(a) Sand
(b) Bentonite
(c) Fly ash
(d) Butyle rubber
Choose the correct code :

A
(a) and (b) only
B
(a) and (c) only
C
(c) and (d) only
D
(b) and (d) only

Question 666Single Answer

Assume that the population (N) of a species follows the logistic growth represented by following equation :

At what value of N, the population exhibits maximum growth ?

A
40
B
80
C
160
D
800

Question 667Single Answer

Given below are two statements. One labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R) :
Assertion (A) : In regression analysis, smaller the p - values, the more significant is the result of the experiment .
Reason (R) : The magnitude of p - value is an indicator of the association between the changes in the predictor's value and the changes in the response variable .
Choose the correct answer :

A
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
B
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
C
(A) is true, but (R) is false
D
(A) is false and (R) is true

Question 668Single Answer

The mean and median of a moderately skewed distribution are 21 and 20 respectively. The mode of the distribution is :

A
24
B
12
C
18
D
26

Question 669Single Answer

The 90th percentile value for the data : 6, 6.5, 7.0, 7.5, 6.5, 6, 7.5 and 8 is :

A
7.50
B
6.50
C
7.75
D
7.00

Question 670Single Answer

Given below are two statements. One labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R) :
Assertion (A) : Sustainable mountain development should be the global priority .
Reason (R) : Mountain people are particularly vulnerable to impacts of climate change and natural disasters .
Choose the correct answer :

A
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
B
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
C
(A) is true, but (R) is false
D
(A) is false and (R) is true

Question 671Single Answer

In the total global ecological footprint, which country has the maximum share :

A
USA
B
China
C
India
D
Brazil

Question 672Single Answer

Given below are two statements. One labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R) :
Assertion (A) : Climate change induced monsoon variability may have serious consequences for Indian agriculture .
Reason (R) : Two third (2/3rd) of area under cultivation in India is rain dependent .
Choose the correct answer :

A
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
B
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
C
(A) is true, but (R) is false
D
(A) is false and (R) is true

Question 673Single Answer

Namami Gange (Integrated Ganga Conservation Mission Programme under National Ganga River Basin Authority) programme was launched in which year ?

A
2014
B
2015
C
1989
D
2012

Question 674Single Answer

Which state in India is pioneer in making rain water harvesting as a compulsory measure in towns to avoid ground water depletion ?

A
Kerala
B
Arunachal Pradesh
C
Tamil Nadu
D
Maharashtra

Question 675Single Answer

Environmental education :
(a) Increases public awareness
(b) Provides knowledge of environmental issues
(c) Does not provide disciplinary focus
(d) Sensitizes individuals about the necessity of sustainable development
Choose the correct answer :

A
(a), (c) and (d) only
B
(a), (b) and (d) only
C
(b), (c) and (d) only
D
(a), (b), (c) and (d)

Question 676Single Answer

The greenhouse gas, ozone, absorbs and emits long wave radiation near the wavelength :

A
9.6 μm
B
11.2 μm
C
6.9 µm
D
17.3 µm

Question 677Single Answer

Which of the following methods is generally not adopted for the safe disposal of biomedical waste ?

A
Incineration
B
Hydroclaving
C
Landfilling
D
Shredding after disinfection

Question 678Single Answer

Which of the following prompted the Govt. of India to enact Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 ?

A
River Ganga Water Pollution
B
Endosulfan tragedy in Kerala
C
London Smog
D
Bhopal Gas Tragedy

Question 679Single Answer

Protection and improvement of environment and safeguarding of forest and wildlife is emphasized in constitution of India under the Article

A
48 A
B
21
C
47
D
46

Question 680Single Answer

Environmental Relief Fund was established under the provisions of

A
The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
B
The Indian Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972
C
The Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991
D
The Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980

Question 681Single Answer

A type of lake that forms in the depression of the earth's crust between two parallel faults is known as

A
Grade lake
B
Surface lake
C
Graben lake
D
Glacial lake

Question 682Single Answer

In case of plumes from a tall stack located on flat terrain 'Lofting' type of plume behaviour is observed when in the atmosphere

A
inversion conditions prevail below the stack height
B
strong lapse rate conditions exist
C
inversion conditions exist above the stack height
D
weak lapse rate conditions exist

Question 683Single Answer

Turbulent updrafts and downdrafts flows are an example of

A
Synoptic scale phenomena
B
Planetary scale phenomena
C
Meso - scale phenomena
D
Micro - scale phenomena

Question 684Single Answer

A niche of the species where there is no competition from other species is called

A
hyper volume niche
B
habitat
C
fundamental niche
D
realized niche

Question 685Single Answer

Dissipative process of energy during photosynthesis in a plant is

A
Decomposition
B
Senescence
C
Respiration
D
Mineralization of humus

Question 686Single Answer

Which of the following substances is generally not considered toxic ?

A
Carbonic acid
B
Carbon monoxide
C
Acetaldehyde
D
Benzene

Question 687Single Answer

Percentage of tropospheric ozone in relation to total atmospheric ozone is about

A
90%
B
10%
C
50%
D
80%

Question 688Single Answer

Among the following, which one is the most hazardous chemical in the atmosphere ?

A
Dioxin
B
Carbon monoxide
C
Halons
D
CFCs

Question 689Single Answer

The technique, which is fastest for measuring organic carbon is,

A
COD
B
BOD₅
C
BOD₇
D
TOC

Question 690Single Answer

With increase in temperature, the specific conductivity of water

A
remains unchanged
B
increases
C
decreases
D
makes the water turbid

Question 691Single Answer

According to ZSI (GOI), which one of the following birds declined by 99% ?

A
Sparrow
B
Pink - headed Duck
C
Pond heron
D
White backed Vulture

Question 692Single Answer

According to Convention on International Trade in Endangered species (CITES) COP 17, which one of the following is transferred from CITES Appendix II to Appendix I by January 2017 .

A
Gorilla
B
Pangolin
C
Tapir
D
Mongoose

Question 693Single Answer

Taxonomic diversity of a region with several ecosystems is :

A
Alpha diversity
B
Beta diversity
C
Gamma diversity
D
Sigma diversity

Question 694Single Answer

Soil water available to roots is

A
Surface water
B
Hygroscopic water
C
Gravitational water
D
Capillary water

Question 695Single Answer

C₄ plants are commonly found in

A
Arid and hot environment
B
Humid and low temperature environment
C
Temperature environment
D
Semi - humid and rainy environment

Question 696Single Answer

The point at which the light intensity is just enough to produce energy by photosynthesis which equal to the energy used in respiration is called

A
Equal point
B
Regulatory point
C
Compensation point
D
Complementary point

Question 697Single Answer

The global pattern of prevailing winds drives the cell-like circulation pattern of ocean currents called

A
Trade winds
B
Gyres
C
Jet Streams
D
Shallow drifts

Question 698Single Answer

As the number of species in a food web increases

A
Food chain length tends to increase
B
System tends to be unstable
C
Energy flow decreases
D
System tends to collapse completely

Question 699Single Answer

Each degree of latitude on the earth's surface represents approximately

A
91 km
B
101 km
C
111 km
D
121 km

Question 700Single Answer

Remote sensing satellites for earth observation are normally located in

A
Elliptical orbit
B
Sun - synchronous orbit
C
Geo - synchronous orbit
D
Equatorial orbit

Question 701Single Answer

Asian Ministerial Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction - 2016 (AMCDRR - 2016) was held in

A
Bangkok
B
Beijing
C
New Delhi
D
Colombo

Question 702Single Answer

Groundwater movement depends on the following characteristics of rock materials .
(a) Porosity
(b) Permeability
(c) Specific yield
(d) Specific retention capacity
Choose the correct code :

A
(a) only
B
(a) and (b) only
C
(a), (b) and (c) only
D
(a), (b), (c) and (d)

Question 703Single Answer

Magma starts to crystallise when it loses heat during its upward rise to shallower level from a deep source. Which among the following is Bowen's Reaction Series ?

A
Pyroxene, Hornblende, Olivine, Mica, Quartz
B
Olivine, Pyroxene, Hornblende, Mica, Quartz
C
Hornblende, Olivine, Mica, Pyroxene, Quartz
D
Olivine, Pyroxene, Hornblende, Mica, Quartz

Question 704Single Answer

The maximum efficiency of hydrogen fuel cell is

A
0.96
B
0.92
C
0.83
D
0.72

Question 705Single Answer

In a biogas digestor having biomass and animal wastes as feed, for optimum methane production, the value of pH should be such that initially

A
pH is in the range 6.6 to 7
B
pH < 6.2
C
pH is in the range 7 to 7.2
D
pH is in the range 7.6 to 8

Question 706Single Answer

Which of the following statements is true in relation to solar flat plate collectors? Glazing (glass or plastic) above the absorber plate ?

A
Reduces convection losses
B
Reduces conduction losses
C
Reduces conduction and radiation losses
D
Enhances the absorption of solar radiation onto the absorber plate

Question 707Single Answer

Marine pollution is caused by
(a) Sewage
(b) Land runoff
(c) Oil spills
(d) Ocean mining
Choose the correct code :

A
(a), (c), and (d) only
B
(c) and (d) only
C
(a), (b), (c) and (d)
D
(d), (c), (b) only

Question 708Single Answer

Which of the following wave properties is not taken advantage of in controlling noise ?

A
Absorption
B
Damping
C
Interference
D
Diffraction

Question 709Single Answer

The reaction O₂ → 2O, which occurs in the stratosphere, does not occur in the troposphere to produce ozone due to

A
lower tropospheric temperature
B
absence of λ < 242 nm radiation
C
high air pressure
D
high gas molecule concentrations

Question 710Single Answer

The most important global sink process for aerosols is

A
Interception
B
Sedimentation
C
Impaction
D
Wet deposition

Question 711Single Answer

Identify the correct sequence with reference to environmental clearance process for new projects :

A
Appraisal →Screening → Scoping → Public Consultation
B
Screening Scoping → Public Consultation → Appraisal
C
Scoping → Public Consultation → Appraisal Screening
D
Public Consultation → Appraisal → Screening Scoping

Question 712Single Answer

Which of the following elements has the longest oceanic residence time ?

A
Iron
B
Lead
C
Calcium
D
Sodium

Question 713Single Answer

The purpose of offshore islands is focussed for site or landscape restoration to

A
provide linkage between movement and genetic interchange of species
B
foster populations of endangered species without native or introduced predators
C
increase the availability of habitats
D
increase the stabilization of surface cover and protect the animal corridor on land

Question 714Single Answer

Which of the following can be used for valuing environmental amenities ?
(a) Hedonic pricing
(b) Travel cost
(c) Contingent valuation
Choose the correct code :

A
(a) only
B
(b) only
C
(a), (b) and (c)
D
(b) and (c) only

Question 715Single Answer

A graphical representation where frequencies are plotted against class intervals is called

A
Stem and leaf plot
B
Pie chart
C
Histogram
D
Box plot

Question 716Single Answer

Which one of the following is a densityindependent factor that limits the size of the natural population ?

A
Predation
B
Territoriality
C
Severe drought
D
Sex ratio

Question 717Single Answer

In a multiple regression analysis, if the variance of the observed variable Y is 1.57 and variance of the residue is 0.52, then Rsquare value is

A
0.85
B
0.67
C
0.72
D
0.52

Question 718Single Answer

The median value of the following data :
1, 2, 3, 5, 8 and 100 ; is

A
3
B
5
C
4
D
20

Question 719Single Answer

Exchangeable Sodium Percentage (ESP) >40) and pH > 9.8 are characteristic of

A
Acidic soil
B
Weak saline soil
C
Strongly saline soil
D
Eroded soil

Question 720Single Answer

The climate meet COP - 22 was held in which country ?

A
Morocco
B
South Africa
C
Malaysia
D
Indonesia

Question 721Single Answer

In an aquatic system, the presence of noxious gases such as H₂S and CH₄ is associated with

A
abundant algal growth
B
oxygen depletion
C
absence of macrophytic vegetation
D
excess of dissolved oxygen

Question 722Single Answer

Severe drought is declared if

A
Deficit of rainfall is more than 50 per cent of the normal
B
Deficit of rainfall varies between 25 - 45 per cent of the normal
C
Rainfall deficit exceeds 25 per cent of the normal
D
Rainfall deficit is between 15 - 25 per cent of the normal

Question 723Single Answer

The Global Warming Potential (GWP) of a substance depends on
(a) the spectral band of its absorbing wavelengths .
(b) its residence time in atmosphere .
(c) its number of carbon molecules .
(d) concentration of the substance .
Choose the correct answer :

A
(a), (b) and (c) only
B
(b), (c) and (d) only
C
(a), (c) and (d) only
D
(b), (d) and (a) only

Question 724Single Answer

Given below are two statements. One labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R) :
Assertion (A) : Vertical velocity often equals or exceeds horizontal velocity in mesoscale meteorological systems .
Reason (R) : Rising thermals are susceptible to undergo non - hydrostatic processes such as buoyant acceleration or acceleration through a narrow mountain pass .
Choose the correct answer :

A
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
B
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
C
(A) is true, but (R) is false
D
(A) is false and (R) is true

Question 725Single Answer

Mixing height during night is typically in the range

A
< few hundred metres
B
1 km – 2 km
C
2 km - 3 km
D
3 km – 4 km

Question 726Single Answer

At a given urban location, the temperature at an elevation of 25 m above ground is 15 °C. If the inversion conditions prevail and the environmental lapse rate is 1.25 °C per 100 m, the temperature at an elevation of 200 m will be

A
12.5 °C
B
17.5 °C
C
12.75 °C
D
17.25 °C

Question 727Single Answer

When the temperature of the atmosphere falls at a rate greater than the dry adiabatic lapse rate, the atmosphere is

A
stable
B
highly stable
C
unstable
D
conditionally unstable

Question 728Single Answer

Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) of an ecosystem is

A
net rate of carbon gain by the plant after respiration losses
B
total energy used to convert the sugar during growth
C
photosynthetic fixation rate 0₁ atmospheric carbon dioxide
D
rate of release of oxygen through respiration of a plant

Question 729Single Answer

The oxygen atom species, which reacts with water to form hydroxyl radical, is produced) by the photodissociation of

A
O₂
B
O₃
C
NO₂
D
H₂O

Question 730Single Answer

Match the List - I and List - II given below :
List - I (Classification) List - II (Element)
(a) Sodium 1. Chalcogen
(b) Calcium 2. Alkali Metal
(c) Chromium 3. Alkaline Earth Element
(d) Sulphur 4. Transition Element
Choose the correct answer :
Codes :

A
(a) (b) (c) (d)
2 3 4 1
B
1 2 3 4
C
3 1 2 4
D
4 2 1 3

Question 731Single Answer

Identify the incorrect statement about carbon isotopes :

A
C - 13 is less abundant in vegetation than in oceans
B
C - 12 is most abundant in nature
C
C - 14 is absent in fossil fuels
D
C - 13 is used for carbon - dating

Question 732Single Answer

Among the following insecticides, which one is relatively more soluble in water ?

A
Aldicarb
B
Carbaryl
C
Malathion
D
Aldrin

Question 733Single Answer

At 25 °C, hydrogen ion concentration in an environmental aqueous solution is found to be 5 x 10^-4 mol L^-1. This implies that the concentration of hydroxyl ions is

A
2 x 10^-3 mol L^-1
B
1 x 10^-7 mol L^-1
C
2 x 10^-11 mol L^-1
D
2 x 10^-19 mol L^-1

Question 734Single Answer

Identify the incorrect statement about humus .

A
Humus acts as a reservoir of nitrogen for plants
B
By decaying, humus supplies nitrogen to plants
C
Its rate of decay and rate of nitrogen release follow plant growth
D
Rate of nitrogen release to plants is slow during warm growing season and fast during winter months

Question 735Single Answer

Match the List - I and List - II. Identify the correct answer from the codes given below :
List - I (Terms) List - II (Chromatographic action)
(a) Effluent 1. The eluted solute
(b) Eluate 2. The mobile phase
(c) Eluent 3. The solute - mobile phase mixture which exits the column
(d) Eluite 4. The stream flowing out of the column
Codes :

A
(a) (b) (c) (d)
1 3 2 4
B
2 4 3 1
C
3 1 2 4
D
4 3 2 1

Question 736Single Answer

Characteristics of successful invasive plant species are :
(a) Rapid growth and early flowering
(b) High phenotypic plasticity
(c) Production of large number of seeds
Choose the correct answer :

A
(a) only
B
(a) and (b) only
C
(b) and (c) only
D
(a), (b) and (c)

Question 737Single Answer

Drugs that prevent the formation of bacterial cell wall are

A
Quinolones
B
Beta - lactams
C
Tetracyclines
D
Aminoglycocides

Question 738Single Answer

As a result of El Niño, it has been observed that phytoplankton productivity increases in Eastern Indian Ocean around Indonesia and Gulf of Mexico. This increase is probably due to
(a) Increased rainfall
(b) More nutrient inflow
(c) Turbulence in surface waters
Codes :

A
(a) and (b) only
B
(b) and (c) only
C
(a), (b) and (c)
D
(a) and (c) only

Question 739Single Answer

Vermi composting process depends on .
(a) Quality of organic resources
(b) Types of earthworms
(c) Moisture content of the organic wastes
Choose the correct answer :

A
(a) only
B
(a) and (b) only
C
(b) and (c) only
D
(a), (b) and (c)

Question 740Single Answer

Photosynthesis in plants is associated with
(a) decrease in entropy
(b) increase in entropy
(c) increase in Gibbs free energy
Choose the correct answer :

A
(a) only
B
(b) only
C
(b) and (c) only
D
(a), (b) and (c)

Question 741Single Answer

The predominant bioparticulate allergens in the air are

A
Insect debris and house dust mites
B
Pollen grains and fungal spores
C
Animal dander and house dust
D
Wool particles and cockroach calyx

Question 742Single Answer

The enhancement of the fitness of a recipient individual by acts that reduce the evolutionary fitness of the donor individual is

A
Amensalism
B
Altruism
C
Commonsalism
D
Parasitism

Question 743Single Answer

The greater proportion of the edges in a national park indicates a
(a) less functional habitat
(b) highly functional habitat
(c) degraded habitat
Choose the correct answer :

A
(a) only
B
(a) and (c) only
C
(b) and (c) only
D
(a), (b) and (c)

Question 744Single Answer

The change in species composition that is imposed by factors external to the biotic community is known as

A
Autogenic succession
B
Allogenic succession
C
Xerarch
D
Hydrarch

Question 745Single Answer

Which ecosystem type produces maximum litter mass ?

A
Tropical rain forest
B
Tropical seasonal forest
C
Temperate deciduous forest
D
Boreal forest

Question 746Single Answer

Cyclomorphism is a phenomenon observed in certain planktonic crustaceans and is generally attributed as a response to
(a) changes in environmental variables of water .
(b) ensure adaptive significance .
(c) growth, reproduction and sudden genetic change .
Codes :

A
(a) and (c) only
B
(b) and (c) only
C
(a) and (b) only
D
(a), (b) and (c)

Question 747Single Answer

Microbes in the environment are likely to be
I. living in biofilms on surfaces
II. non - culturable
III. living solitary and planktonic lines
Choose the correct code :

A
I only
B
II and III only
C
I and III only
D
I and II only

Question 748Single Answer

Which magma type contains the greatest amount of silica ?

A
Basaltic
B
Andesitic
C
Rhyolitic
D
Peridotic

Question 749Single Answer

Match the List - I and List - II and choose the correct answer from the codes given below :
List - I (Stratigraphic Unit) List - II (Deposits)
(a) Bailadila Group 1. Mn
(b) Nallamalai Group 2. Phosphorite
(c) Udaipur Group 3. Banded Iron Formation
(d) Sansar Group 4. Pb - Zn
Codes :

A
(a) (b) (c) (d)
3 4 2 1
B
4 1 3 4
C
1 2 4 3
D
2 3 1 4

Question 750Single Answer

Which group of following factors determine the discharge of a stream ?

A
Width, length and depth
B
Width, length and velocity
C
Width, depth and velocity
D
Length, depth and run - off

Question 751Single Answer

Which among the following zones has the highest erosion rate in the journey of a river ?

A
Head water
B
Potamon
C
Mouth
D
Sediment transforming zone

Question 752Single Answer

In the decreasing order of hardness on Moh's scale, choose the correct sequence from the following :

A
Quartz, Feldspar, Calcite, Talc
B
Feldspar, Calcite, Talc, Quartz
C
Talc, Quartz, Feldspar, Calcite
D
Quartz, Calcite, Feldspar, Talc

Question 753Single Answer

Wind transport of materials entails the following processes :
I. Saltation
II. Reptation
III. Suspension
IV. Creep
Choose the correct answer :

A
I, II, III, IV
B
II, III and IV only
C
III and IV only
D
I and II only

Question 754Single Answer

According to Darcy's law for ground water movement, velocity is proportional to

A
Hydraulic gradient
B
Square of hydraulic gradient
C
root of hydraulic gradient
D
Reciprocal of hydraulic gradient

Question 755Single Answer

Given below are two statements. One labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R) :
Assertion (A) : The amount of energy available in a single fusion event is small compared to a fission event .
Reason (R) : Isotopes of hydrogen are much lighter than uranium .
Choose the correct answer :

A
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
B
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
C
(A) is true, but (R) is false
D
(A) is false and (R) is true

Question 756Single Answer

Given below are two statements. One labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R) :
Assertion (A) : The thermal efficiency of nuclear reactors is lower than that of fossil fuelled steam plants .
Reason (R) : Temperature of water generating stream in a nuclear reactor has relatively lower values compared to fossil fuelled steam plants .
Choose the correct answer :

A
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
B
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
C
(A) is true, but (R) is false
D
(A) is false and (R) is true

Question 757Single Answer

Given below are two statements. One labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R) :
Assertion (A) : Natural gas contributes less to smog formation than gasoline .
Reason (R) : Unburnt CH molecules are considerably less reactive with respect to the free radical chemistry for smog than the hydrocarbon molecules with more than one C atom .
Choose the correct answer :

A
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
B
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
C
(A) is true, but (R) is false
D
(A) is false and (R) is true

Question 758Single Answer

Consider ocean waves of amplitude 2.0 m and wavelength 200 m. Assuming the gravity to be the only active force, the power available per metre perpendicular to the propagation of the wave is

A
86.24 kW m^-1
B
172.48 kW m^-1
C
344.90 kW m^-1
D
800.00 kW m^-1

Question 759Single Answer

A wind mill has cross-sectional area 25.0 m². The wind speed is 6.0 m/s. What will be the power generated by the wind mill in the Betz limit ?

A
~ 2.064 kW
B
~ 3.483 kW
C
~ 11.162 kW
D
~ 18.321 kW

Question 760Single Answer

Given below are two statements. One labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R) :
Assertion (A) : The power output from an OTEC system installed at a tropical site is steady .
Reason (R) : Au tropical sites, the temperatures of warm surface water and cold water in the depth of ocean hardly vary from season to season .
Choose the correct answer :

A
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
B
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
C
(A) is true, but (R) is false
D
(A) is false and (R) is true

Question 761Single Answer

The potency factor of CHCI3 is 6.1 × 10-³ kg day/mg. The concentration in drinking water that would result in 2 x 10-6 risk for a 70-kg man, who drinks 2L/day throughout of his life, is

A
11.4 μg/L
B
20.6 μg/L
C
6 μg/L
D
25 µg/L

Question 762Single Answer

Which of the following compounds used for disinfection of water is not stable but is prepared in situ ?

A
C1₂
B
Ca(OCl)₂
C
NaOCI
D
HOCI

Question 763Single Answer

Identify the incorrect statement from the following regarding soil pollution by heavy metals :

A
Soils act as a sink for heavy metals
B
Humic materials have great affinity for heavy metal cations
C
Humic materials extract heavy metals from soil water by forming complexes
D
Complexes formed by humic acids are normally water soluble

Question 764Single Answer

A point source of noise produces a sound of 60 dB at a distance of 10 m from it. If the sound is measured at a distance of 40 m, what will be its value ?

A
48 dB
B
54 dB
C
57 dB
D
44 dB

Question 765Single Answer

Identify the incorrect statement with regard to water purification by coagulation .

A
Particles suspended in water are in colloidal form
B
Suspended particles carry a positive charge
C
Suspended particles due to similar charge repel each other
D
When alum is added it works as a coagulant

Question 766Single Answer

In relation to drinking water source without conventional treatment but after disinfection. water parameters and their permissible values are given in the lists given below :
Match the List-I and List-II. Identify the correct answer from the codes given below :
List-I List-II
(Water parameters) (Permissible values)
(a) Total coliform organism per 100 mL 1. 6.5 − 8.5
(b) pH 2. < 50 per 100 mL
(c) DO 3. 2 mg/L or less
(d) BOD 4. 6 mg/L or more (5 days, 20 °C)
Codes :

A
(a) (b) (c) (d)
2 1 4 3
B
2 1 3 4
C
3 4 2 1
D
4 2 3 1

Question 767Single Answer

Given below are two statements. One labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R) :
Assertion (A) : Ozone depletion is much less over arctic stratosphere than over Antarctic stratosphere .
Reason (R) : Antarctic atmosphere is on an average about 10 °C cooler than the arctic stratosphere .
Choose the correct answer :

A
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
B
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
C
(A) is true, but (R) is false
D
(A) is false and (R) is true

Question 768Single Answer

Match the List-I and List-II. Identify the correct answer from the codes given below :
List-I List-II
(Water type) (Conductivity (µS cm^‑1)
(a) Fresh water 1. > 500
(b) Clean tap water 2. < 300
(c) Clean upland river 3. 60 − 100
(d) Organically enriched river 4. 2 − 4
Codes :

A
(a) (b) (c) (d)
4 3 2 1
B
1 4 3 2
C
2 1 4 3
D
3 2 1 4

Question 769Single Answer

Match the List-I and List-II. Identify the correct answer from the codes given below :
List-I List-II
(Auditing types) (Set of terms)
(a) Implementation audit 1. External review of the procedures used
(b) Performance audit 2. Compare actual with Predicted impacts
(c) Project impacts audit 3. To cover full operation
(d) procedures audit 4. To cover a start up
Codes :

A
(a) (b) (c) (d)
3 4 1 2
B
4 3 2 1
C
1 2 3 4
D
2 3 4 1

Question 770Single Answer

Given below are two statements. One labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R) :
Assertion (A) : The ecological restoration is a difficult proposition both in principle and in practice .
Reason (R) : Identity and population sizes of plants and animals once present at a particular site are largely unknown .
Choose the correct answer :

A
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
B
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
C
(A) is true, but (R) is false
D
(A) is false and (R) is true

Question 771Single Answer

During the EIA process under the EIA notification of September 14, 2006, no public hearing is required for
(a) all A' category projects
(b) all 'B' category projects
(c) all 'B' category projects
Choose the correct code :

A
(a) only
B
(a) and (b) only
C
(b) and (c) only
D
(c) only

Question 772Single Answer

Given below are two statements. One labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R) :
Assertion (A) : Evaporation of surface water is reduced due to black carbon in atmosphere .
Reason (R) : Presence of aerosols having black carbon is responsible for dimming effect .
Choose the correct answer :

A
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
B
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is not the correct expalantion of (A)
C
(A) is true, but (R) is false
D
(A) is false and (R) is true

Question 773Single Answer

Match the List – I with List – II. Identify the correct answer from the codes given below :
List – I List – II
(Method) (Description)
(a) Network method 1. Possible impacts by composite environmental parameters
(b) Overlays Method 2. Structured approaches by involveing scaling – weighing techniques
(c) Checklists Method 3. Environmental systems as a coplex web of relation ships
(d) Adhoc method 4. Spatial distribution of environmental impacts using GIS
Codes :

A
(a) (b) (c) (d)
4 3 2 1
B
1 2 3 4
C
4 1 3 2
D
3 4 2 1

Question 774Single Answer

In environmental Impact Assessment, the baseline studies describe the

A
socio- economic mapping of the area
B
consequences of the development activitiy
C
Assessment of the risk involved during project implementatio
D
environmental setting existing in the project area

Question 775Single Answer

An ecosystem restoration project should have the outcomes which are
I. Specific
II. Measurable
III. General
IV. Realistic
V. Time bound
Choose the correct code :

A
I, II, III, V
B
I, II, IV, V
C
II, III, IV, V
D
I, II, III, IV

Question 776Single Answer

When applied to field populations, Lotka volterra equations suffer from the following :
I. competition coefficients are assumed to be constant
II. Carrying capacity is assumed to be constant
III. There are not time lags
IV. Maximal rate of increase is assumed to be constant
choose the correct answer :

A
I and II only
B
II and III only
C
II, III and IV only
D
I, II, III and IV

Question 777Single Answer

In a city, the daily per capita inhalation (m³) values of contaminated air over a period of 5 days are 6.3, 6.3, 6.2, 6.4 and 5.8 respectively The sample mean with standard deviation of the data is

A
6.2 ± 0.02
B
6.2 ± 0.23
C
6.2 ± 0.15
D
6.2 ± 0.12

Question 778Single Answer

The population (N ) of fish in a pond following the logistic equation

. What is the maximum sustainable yield ?

A
100
B
50
C
25
D
200

Question 779Single Answer

Consider a box model for an airshed over a city and assume that the initial concentration of a pollutant is zero and that the air entering the box is clean. If the length of the box is 10 km and the wind speed along the length of the box is 5 m/s, what is the time taken for the pollutant concentration to reach 95% of its final value ?

A
1 h 40 minutes
B
1 h 7 minutes
C
33 minutes 20 seconds
D
2 h 13 minutes 20 seconds

Question 780Single Answer

For a sample size n = 16, the mean (X) value and standard deviation (S) are found to be 5.667 and 0.934, respectively. If the population mean is μ = 5.2, then t - statistic is

A
0.5
B
0.47
C
1.76
D
2.0

Question 781Single Answer

Which of the following are sources of the greenhouse gas methane (CH₄) ?
(a) Coal mining areas
(b) Ruminants
(c) Wetlands
(d) Low land paddy
Choose the correct answer :

A
(a), (b) and (c) only
B
(b) and (c) only
C
(b), (c) and (d) only
D
(a), (b), (c) and (d)

Question 782Single Answer

Which of the following convention/protocols/ treaties is legally binding on the signatory countries ?

A
Basel Convention
B
Montreal Protocol
C
Kyoto Protocol
D
Paris Agreement

Question 783Single Answer

For untreated municipal wastewater, BOD/ COD ratio is in the range

A
1.3 - 3
B
0.3 -0.8
C
3.0 - 6.5
D
> 10

Question 784Single Answer

Organic wetland soils have
I. High porosity
II. Low density
III. High Ion exchange capacity
IV. Low nutrient availability
Choose the right answer :

A
I, II, III, IV
B
II, III, IV only
C
III. IV only
D
I, II only

Question 785Single Answer

Consider following statements about the ozone hole ?
I. Ozone formation and destruction keeps on happening
II. Ozone destruction rate is higher than its formation rate
III. Ozone destruction rate is equal to its formation rate
Choose the correct answer :

A
I only
B
I and II only
C
I and III only
D
III only

Question 786Single Answer

Consider following statements about an estuary :
I. Estuary is the ecotonal region between fresh water and oceanic water
II. This area is highly productive
III. This area is highly unproductive
Choose the correct answer :

A
I only
B
I and II only
C
III only
D
I and III only

Question 787Single Answer

The ionic species, O⁺, O₂⁺generally in N₂⁺ are found generally in

A
Troposphere
B
Stratosphere
C
Mesosphere
D
Heterosphere

Question 788Single Answer

As part of recently signed international agreement on phasing out synthetic hydro fluorocarbons (HFCs), India will start phasing them out from the year

A
2019
B
2024
C
2028
D
2032

Question 789Single Answer

In the tropospheric ozone formation reaction sequence, which of the following chemical species does not act as a catalyst ?

A
OH
B
HO₂
C
O₂
D
NO₂

Question 790Single Answer

Which of the following are useful indicators of pollution potential of organic effluents ?
(a) Total Organic Carbon (TOC)
(b) Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD)
(c) Turbidity
(d) Conductivity
Choose the correct code :

A
(a) and (b) only
B
(a) and (c) only
C
(b) and (d) only
D
(a), (b), (c) and (d)

Question 791Single Answer

Which of the following power plants releases radioactive materials as well as hazardous metals such as lead and arsenic under normal operating conditions ?

A
Nuclear power plant
B
Solar power installations
C
Hydro power
D
Coal based thermal power plants

Question 792Single Answer

Match the List-I and List-II. Identify the correct answer from the codes given below :
List-I List-II
(Convention) (Purpose)
(a) Paris Convention 1992 1. Transboundary Movement of Waste
(b) Vienna Conven tion 1985 2. Protection of Marine Environment
(c) Bamako Convention 1998 3. Protection of ozone layer
(d) Basel Convention 1992 4. Ban on import of hazardous waste to Africa
Codes :

A
(a) (b) (c) (d)
2 3 4 1
B
3 4 1 2
C
4 1 2 3
D
1 2 3 4

Question 793Single Answer

Match the List-I and List-II. Identify the correct answer from the codes given below :
List-I List-II
(Colour Codes) (Hospital Wastes)
(a) Yellow Bags 1. Infected metal sharps
(b) Red Bags 2. Outdated Medicine bottles
(c) Blue Bags                     3. Used Catheters
(d) Black Carboy                4. Infectious waste placenta
Codes :

A
(a) (b) (c) (d)
4 3 2 1
B
3 2 1 4
C
2 1 4 3
D
1 4 3 2

Question 794Single Answer

Photoionization of gas molecules maintain the temperature profile of which atmospheric layer ?

A
Troposphere
B
Stratosphere
C
Mesosphere
D
Thermosphere

Question 795Single Answer

Around the mid latitude, the surface winds are generally

A
Gradient
B
Geostrophic
C
Subgeostrophic
D
Cyclonic

Question 796Single Answer

How many biogeographic regions are reported to exist in India ?

A
Five
B
Seven
C
Ten
D
Three

Question 797Single Answer

Energy transfer and nutrient flow through various trophic levels can be described as

A
Linear
B
Cyclic
C
Linear and cyclic respectively
D
Cyclic and linear respectively

Question 798Single Answer

The highest rate at which individuals can be harvested without reducing the population size is called maximum sustainable yield of a

A
Population
B
Community
C
Ecosystem
D
Landscape

Question 799Single Answer

Leslie matrix population model is generally used to determine
(a) the growth of population
(b) the age distribution within population over time
(c) the prey-predator interactions
Choose the correct answer :

A
(a) only
B
(a) and (c) only
C
(b) and (c) only
D
(a) and (b) only

Question 800Single Answer

If ΔNn is equal to production of new individual in the population, Δt and N represent time and initial number of individuals of a population, then natality rate per unit of population is

Question 801Single Answer

In a health survey, 38 of 120 men and 24 of 80 women are found to be affected by nicotine by smoking. What is the probability of a randomly selected male being a smoker ?

A
0.32
B
0.19
C
0.38
D
0.12

Question 802Single Answer

If for a sample size (N) of 64, the mean

and standard deviation (SD) are found to be 82 and 6. Then standard error (SE) for the mean is

A
0.75
B
0.14
C
10.4
D
2.2

Question 803Single Answer

Public hearing' is not mandatory for project like

A
building construction project
B
mining project
C
oil refinery project
D
river valley project

Question 804Single Answer

The preparedness for prevention of chemical accidents and emergency in industry should be made according to the statutory framework of
(a) The National Environmental Tribunal Act, 1975
(b) The Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991
(c) The Factories Act, 1948
(d) The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974
Choose the correct answer :

A
(a), (b) and (c) only
B
(b), (c) and (d) only
C
(b) and (c) only
D
(a), (b), (c) and (d)

Question 805Single Answer

The term (life) of a patent from the date of filing is

A
5 years
B
100 years
C
20 years
D
50 years

Question 806Single Answer

According to the Hazardous Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 1989, the limit for Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) in waste oil suitable for recycling should be less than

A
8%
B
10%
C
6%
D
15%

Question 807Single Answer

The main objectives of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 are
(a) Restricting hunting, killing or overexploitation of species
(b) Protection of wildlife, preservation of natural habitats and environment
(c) Recognizing the right of people to a healthy environment
Choose the correct answer :

A
(a) and (b) only
B
(b) and (c) only
C
(a) and (c) only
D
(a), (b) and (c)

Question 808Single Answer

The signing ceremony of Paris agreement on climate change was held on April 22, 2016 at UN headquarters. The agreement will be open for signatures by the countries till

A
December 22, 2016
B
April 21, 2017
C
December 21, 2017
D
March 21, 2018

Question 809Single Answer

The committee, which reviews the EIA and EMP reports of developmental projects in Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, is called

A
Project Assessment Committee
B
Environment Appraisal Committee
C
Project Evaluation Committee
D
Environmental Clearance Committee

Question 810Single Answer

In EIA, after official notification, time given to hold public hearing is

A
10 days
B
15 days
C
30 days
D
50 days

Question 811Single Answer

The corporate social responsibility has been made mandatory since

A
2010
B
2014
C
2015
D
2013

Question 812Single Answer

The guiding principles for the National Land Utilization Policy are as follows :
(a) Inclusive growth, poverty eradication and gender equality - equal opportunities
(b) Balanced development and intergenerational justice
(c) Efficient utilization of resources and mitigation of impacts
(d) Integrated and comprehensive development planning
Choose the correct answer :

A
(a) and (b) only
B
(a), (b) and (c) only
C
(b), (c) and (d) only
D
(a), (b), (c) and (d)

Question 813Single Answer

Degradation of different categories of pesticides by soil microorganism is called

A
Biotransformation
B
Biomineralization
C
Bioaugmentation
D
Biomagnification

Question 814Single Answer

Given below are two statements. One labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R) :
Assertion (A) : CO can contribute to the photochemical smog problem in cities .
Reason (R) : It aids in formation of surface ozone .
Choose the correct answer :

A
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
B
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
C
(A) is true but (R) is false
D
(A) is false but (R) is true

Question 815Single Answer

For spherical aerosol particles smaller than about 30 μm and with density much greater than air, their settling velocity varies with their size (d) as

A
∝ d
B
C
D

Question 816Single Answer

Given below are two statements. One labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R) :
Assertion (A) : Sound barriers alongside motorways in urban areas are very effective in controlling noise .
Reason (R) : They act as reflectors of sound back into motorways and upwards .
Choose the correct answer :

A
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
B
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
C
(A) is true but (R) is false
D
(A) is false but (R) is true

Question 817Single Answer

The effect of sulphate aerosol in the Earth's atmosphere is to

A
decrease precipitation
B
destroy ozone
C
cool global climate
D
warm global climate

Question 818Single Answer

Solar radiation of average energy ~ 1.25 eV and intensity 500 W/m² are incident on the surface of a solar flat plate collector. What is the approximate photon flux density impinging on the surface of the collector ?

A
~ 5 x 10²² photons m² s-¹
B
~ 2 × 10²² photons m-² s-1
C
~ 2.5 × 10²⁰ photons m-² s-¹
D
~ 2.5 x 10²¹ photons m-² s-¹

Question 819Single Answer

A solar pond based electricity generation plant has an efficiency of 5% and power output of 500 mW. If the solar insolation is 1000 W/m², what is the area of solar pond ?

A
5 km²
B
10 km²
C
1.0 km²
D
20 km²

Question 820Single Answer

Intended nationally determined contribution of India envisages reduction in carbon intensity by 2030 below 2005 level by what percentage ?

A
22-25 %
B
33-35 %
C
35-40 %
D
40-50 %

Question 821Single Answer

By the year 2022, India's target of producing power from wind energy is

A
50 GW
B
60 GW
C
75 GW
D
120 GW

Question 822Single Answer

Which among the following surfaces has maximum albedo ?

A
Leafy crops
B
Dry sand
C
Calm sea water
D
Dark asphalt

Question 823Single Answer

A wetland ecosystem has a very high Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD). Which of the following statement about such a wetland is correct ?

A
It has high level of microbial pollution
B
It has very low level of microbial pollution
C
There is no microbial pollution
D
It is highly turbid

Question 824Single Answer

Desertification is the process of

A
increase in desert area
B
sand dune movement
C
land degradation
D
arid zone management

Question 825Single Answer

Ecological restoration is the process of rebuilding a degraded ecosystem till

A
it becomes pollution free and provides solace to the people
B
it becomes free of disturbance
C
its structure and functions are restored
D
it starts providing some ecosystem services

Question 826Single Answer

Consider the following four statements about wetland ecosystems :
(a) They are the transitional zones between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems
(b) They are highly productive
(c) They are the source of greenhouse gases
(d) They normally occur in the floodplain of rivers
Choose the correct answer :

A
(a) and (b) only
B
(a), (b) and (c) only
C
(b), (c) and (d) only
D
(a), (b), (c) and (d)

Question 827Single Answer

In soil conservation programme, the tillage where residues of previous crops are left in the soil is called

A
Reduced tillage
B
No tillage
C
Conservation tillage
D
Contour plowing

Question 828Single Answer

Which of the following will provide the most valuable information for determining risk of mass wasting of an area ?

A
Seismometer
B
Analysis of stereo satellite data
C
Measurement of acceleration due to gravity
D
Geological map of the region

Question 829Single Answer

The rapid downslope movement of ice or snow is called as

A
Mudflow
B
Solifluction
C
Lahars
D
Avalanches

Question 830Single Answer

The landform created by subglacial meltwater is known as

A
Moraine
B
Eskers
C
Cirques
D
Kames

Question 831Single Answer

Among the following gases, which is not emitted by volcano ?

A
NOx
B
SOx
C
CO₂
D
H₂S

Question 832Single Answer

In remote sensing, ground truth data is generally required for
(a) calibration of sensor
(b) analysis of remotely sensed data
(c) accuracy assessment
Choose the correct answer :

A
(a) only
B
(b) and (c) only
C
(a), (b) and (c)
D
(a) and (b) only

Question 833Single Answer

A species the population of which is lo enough for it to be at risk of becoming extine but not low enough that it is in imminent danger of extinction is called

A
Endangered species
B
Threatened species
C
Vulnerable species
D
Rare species

Question 834Single Answer

Landscape mosaic comprises

A
matrices and patches
B
patches and corridors
C
matrices, patches and corridors
D
matrices and corridors

Question 835Single Answer

Which of the following country is not megadiversity centre of biodiversity ?

A
Columbia
B
India
C
Brazil
D
Argentina

Question 836Single Answer

Sclerophyllous leaves are the characteristic features of

A
Chaparral Vegetation
B
Grassland Vegetation
C
Tropical Vegetation
D
Alpine Vegetation

Question 837Single Answer

Among the plants listed below, which is not producing allergenic pollen grain ?

A
Mango
B
Neem
C
Fan Palm
D
Pine

Question 838Single Answer

species having a dominating influence the structure and function of a community ecosystem is known as

A
Fundamental species
B
Functional species
C
Keystone species
D
Indicator species

Question 839Single Answer

Which of the following trace atmospheric gases is not an acid rain precursor ?

A
Dimethyl sulphide
B
Hydrogen sulphide
C
Nitrous oxide
D
Nitric oxide

Question 840Single Answer

According to WHO report 2015, out of 20 most polluted cities of the world, India has

A
12
B
18
C
10
D
13

Question 841Single Answer

With respect to sea, increase in CO₂ abundance is not responsible for which of the following ?

A
Increase in pH of sea water
B
Increase in concentration of bicarbonate irons
C
Coral bleaching
D
Enhanced dissolution of calcareous materials

Question 842Single Answer

Elements that cycle in the environment and that also have a gaseous phase at some point in their cycle include which of the following ?
(a) Phosphorus
(b) Sulphur
(c) Carbon

A
(a) only
B
(b) only
C
(b) and (c) only
D
(a) and (c) only

Question 843Single Answer

Poor aeration and high water holding capacity are characteristic features of

A
Sandy soil
B
Loam soil
C
Clay soil
D
Sandy Loam soil

Question 844Single Answer

In India audit on conservation and protection of tigers in all 28 Tiger reserves was conducted in

A
2001
B
2004
C
2006
D
2007

Question 845Single Answer

In the screening stage of EIA, the impact level of a development project is not discernible, then what step should be adopted ?

A
Scoping stage ought to be initiated
B
Detailed EIA study ought to be conducted
C
A rapid EIA study ought to be conducted
D
The project may not be given environmental clearance

Question 846Single Answer

Biodiversity hotspots are regions of high

A
stationary population of common species
B
richness of endemic species
C
migratory population
D
richness of dominant species

Question 847Single Answer

Given below are two statements. One labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R) :
Assertion (A) : Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) plants have very low efficiencies .
Reason (R) : The temperature difference. between warm surface water and cold deeper ocean water is not all that great .
Choose the correct answer :

A
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
B
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
C
(A) is true, but (R) is false
D
(A) is false, but (R) is true

Question 848Single Answer

In respect of geothermal power production, identify the correct sequence of the countries :

A
Iceland > Russia > Japan > USA
B
Japan > Iceland > USA > Russia
C
USA > Iceland > Japan > Russia
D
USA > Japan > Iceland > Russia

Question 849Single Answer

Among the forest types of India, which category of forest covers maximum geographical area :

A
Tropical grassland
B
Mangrove forest
C
Tropical deciduous forest
D
Temperate evergreen forest

Question 850Single Answer

The overall diversity of a landscape comprising several ecosystems is known as

A
Alpha diversity
B
Beta diversity
C
Gamma diversity
D
Delta diversity

Question 851Single Answer

The ratio between the amount of radiation emitted by earth upto the wavelength at which maximum radiation is emitted and total, amount of radiation emitted by earth is approximately

A
~ 25%
B
~ 50%
C
~ 40%
D
~ 66%

Question 852Single Answer

Milankovitch cycles refer to

A
Shifts in the temperature of surface water in the middle latitudes of the Pacific Ocean
B
The timing of the northern lights in the thermosphere
C
The changes in the Earth's rotation and orbit around the sun that may trigger climate variation
D
Upwelling and down-welling in the ocean

Question 853Single Answer

El Niño and La Niña phenomena

A
decrease water temperatures in the eastern Pacific Ocean
B
increase water temperatures in the Gulf of Mexico
C
occur in a definite pattern every ten years
D
cause changes in global temperature and precipitation pattern

Question 854Single Answer

Given below are two statements. One labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R) :
Assertion (A) : At a constant temperature, the solubility of ammonia in water increases with decrease in pH .
Reason (R) :The solubility of all gases increase with decrease in pH .
Choose the correct answer :

A
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
B
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
C
(A) is true, but (R) is false
D
(A) is false, but (R) is true

Question 855Single Answer

Given below are two statements. One labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R) :
Assertion (A) : Temperature of sea water generally decreases with increasing latitude .
Reason (R) : Surface layers of sea water tend to contract and sink in cold waters .
Choose the correct answer :

A
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
B
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
C
(A) is true, but (R) is false
D
(A) is false, but (R) is true

Question 856Single Answer

A normal sand dune is characterized by

A
Gentle windward and steeper leeward sides
B
Both gentle sides
C
Steeper windward and gentle leeward sides
D
Both steeper sides

Question 857Single Answer

Given below are two statements. One labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R) :
Assertion (A) : The distribution of animals over the world is much more complex and irregular compared to plants .
Reason (R) :The animals are mobile and therefore capable of more rapid dispersal .
Choose the correct answer :

A
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
B
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
C
(A) is true, but (R) is false
D
(A) is false, but (R) is true

Question 858Single Answer

Consider the following statements in case of Gaussian Plume Model .
(a) The wind speed is constant both in time and with elevation
(b) The emission rate from the source is constant
(c) The pollutant is conservative
Choose the answer :

A
(a) only
B
(b) only
C
(a) and (b) only
D
(a), (b) and (c)

Question 859Single Answer

A stream flowing at 5.0 m³/s converges with another stream with the same flow rate. The concentration of the phosphate upstream to the junction is 10.0 mg/L and that in the other stream is 5.0 mg/L. The downstream concentration of phosphate is

A
2.5 mg/L
B
5.0 mg/L
C
7.5 mg/L
D
10 mg/L

Question 860Single Answer

Lotka-Volterra model for an ecosystem can be used to study
(a) oscillations in prey-predator population
(b) effect of predator on prey population
(c) effect of prey on predator population
Choose the correct answer :

A
(a) and (b) only
B
(b) and (c) only
C
(a) and (c) only
D
(a), (b) and (c)

Question 861Single Answer

In an ecosystem following logistic growth model initial population was 900 with growth rate constant of 0.1. If the carrying capacity of the ecosystem is 1000, what is the instantaneous rate of change of population ?

A
10
B
25
C
1.1
D
9

Question 862Single Answer

Choose an appropriate hypothesis testing method for the condition where the variance is an unknown parameter of a population of independent observations :

A
Z-test
B
X²-test
C
t-test
D
F-test

Question 863Single Answer

For sampling error of 1.96σ; where σ is the standard deviation, and at critical value of 1.96, the significance level is

A
5.0 %
B
1.0 %
C
2.7 %
D
4.5%

Question 864Single Answer

Qualitatively a sampling error in a survey based environmental experiment is the sum of

A
Frame error + Response error + Chance error
B
Frame error + Non-sampling error
C
Chance error + Frame error + Systematic error
D
Non-sampling error + Chance error + Systematic error

Question 865Single Answer

Ecosensitive zones are declared by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and climate change, Govt. of India under the provisions of

A
Forest Act, 1927
B
Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980
C
Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
D
Biological Diversity Act, 2002

Question 866Single Answer

Basel convention on trans-boundar movement of hazardous waste and desperd was adopted in the year

A
1969
B
1979
C
1999
D
1989

Question 867Single Answer

Which method reduces the volume of wand but could release toxic air emissions into to atmosphere ?

A
Biological treatment
B
Sanitary landfill
C
Incineration
D
Chemical treatment

Question 868Single Answer

As per CRZ (Coastal Regulation Zone) 3 Notification, which of the following activite is permitted ?

A
Dumping of untreated sewage. effluenc or solid waste
B
Traditional fishing and allied activities)
C
Construction of Housing Complexes
D
Infrastructural projects

Question 869Single Answer

Match the List-I and List-II. Identify correct answer from the codes given below :
List-I List-II
(Biomedical Waste) (Treatment/Disposal)
(a) Human tissues (i) Incineration
(b) Scalpels (ii) Autoclaving
(c) Solid plaster casts (iii) Microwave mutilation
(d) Catheters (iv) Deep burial
Codes :

A
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(iv) (ii) (i) (iii)
B
(iii) (i) (iv) (ii)
C
(ii) (iv) (iii) (i)
D
(i) (iii) (ii) (iv)

Question 870Single Answer

An organisation implementing an EMS under ISO 14001 should set environmental targets in order to achieve environmental objectives within a specified time-frame. The target should be

A
implemented on a trial basis
B
generic in nature
C
related to financial aspects
D
measurable and specific

Question 871Single Answer

ISO 14001 requires an organisation to

A
set improvement targets for every department
B
define a quality policy within the defined scope of its EMS
C
define the scope of its EMS
D
define the scope of its audit

Question 872Single Answer

Cost-benefit analysis is performed during

A
Design phase
B
Feasibility study phase
C
Implementation
D
Maintenance phase

Question 873Single Answer

Given below are two statements. One labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R) :
Assertion (A) : The ecosystem surrounding a river gets damaged due to the construction of a dam on it .
Reason (R) : The area in upper catchment of the river gets inundated .
Choose the correct answer :

A
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
B
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
C
(A) is true but (R) is false
D
(A) is false but (R) is true

Question 874Single Answer

Match the List-I and List-II. Identify the correct answer from the codes given below :
List-I List-II
(Auditing) (Actions)
(a) Implementation audit (i) External review
(b) Predictive techniques audit (ii) Initial activities
(c) Performance audit (iii) Validation of impacts
(d) Procedures audit (iv) Comprehensive operational activities
Codes :

A
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(ii) (iii) (iv) (i)
B
(iii) (iv) (i) (ii)
C
(iv) (i) (ii) (iii)
D
(i) (ii) (iii) (iv)

Question 875Single Answer

The interaction matrix developed by Leopold consists of how many parameters ?

A
30
B
60
C
70
D
90

Question 876Single Answer

Given below are two statements. One labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R) :
Assertion (A) : The goal of the National Land Utilisation Policy is to achieve improvement of livelihood, food and water security under the umbrella of sustainable development in India .
Reason (R) : The National Land Utilisation Policy envisages a guiding framework for state specific needs, potentials, priorities and legal provisions .
Choose the correct answer :

A
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
B
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
C
(A) is true but (R) is false
D
(A) is false but (R) is true

Question 877Single Answer

Which of the following is a major photochemical oxidant ?

A
PAN
B
Ozone
C
Aldehydes
D
Peroxybenzoyl nitrates (PBzN)

Question 878Single Answer

In terms of toxicity, identify the correct sequence :

A
Arsenic > Cadmium > Methylene chloride
B
Cadmium > Arsenic > Methylene chloride
C
Methylene chloride > Cadmium > Arsenic
D
Methylene chloride > Arsenic > Cadmium

Question 879Single Answer

Upwelling of oceanic waters is important for

A
enrichment of nutrients in pelagic waters
B
balancing water circulation pattern in oceans and seas
C
making the pelagic waters nutrient deficient
D
helping survival of benthic organisms

Question 880Single Answer

Arrange the following in terms of increasing productivity :
(a) Antarctica sea
(b) Arctic sea
(c) Dead sea
(d) Arabian sea
Choose the correct answer :

A
(c) < (a) < (d) < (b)
B
(c) < (a) < (b) < (d)
C
(d) < (b) < (c) < (a)
D
(a) < (c) < (d) < (b)

Question 881Single Answer

Match the List-I and List-II. Identify the correct answer from the codes given below :
List-I List-II
(Consequences/Links) (Process/Event)
(a) Assimilative capacity (i) DO, BOD, Coliform
(b) Critical water parameter (ii) Cadmium
(c) Itai-Itai disease (iii) Blue baby syndrome
(d) Excess nitrate in water (iv) Waste discharge
Codes :

A
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
B
(iv) (i) (ii) (iii)
C
(ii) (i) (iii) (iv)
D
(ii) (iii) (i) (iv)

Question 882Single Answer

Which type of plume behaviour one would expect from a tall stack located on a flat terrain if adiabatic lapse rate (Γ)and environmental lapse rate (Γ_env) are as shown in the diagram below :

A
looping
B
fanning
C
coning
D
trapping

Question 883Single Answer

A road carrying heavy traffic has an average noise level of 90 dB when measured at a distance of 10 metres. What would be the noise level at 20 metres distance ?

A
87 dB
B
84 dB
C
60 dB
D
45 dB

Question 884Single Answer

When biomass is converted to CO and H₂O, the energy made available is ~450 kJ per mol of carbon per unit of reduction level. What would be the heat of combustion per gram of methane ?

A
28.125 kJ/g
B
56.25 kJ/g
C
67.5 kJ/g
D
135 kJ/g

Question 885Single Answer

Given below are two statements. One labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled Reason (R) :
Assertion (A) : Hydrogen, as a fuel, when burned, does produce some amount of pollution .
Reason (R) : Heat produced during combustion of hydrogen chemically combines N₂ and O₂ in atmosphere to produce NO_x.
Choose the correct answer :

A
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
B
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
C
(A) is true but (R) is false
D
(A) is false but (R) is true

Question 886Single Answer

Given standard enthalpies for methane, carbon dioxide and water vapour as -75 kJ/mol, 394 kJ/mol and 240 kJ/mol, respectively. What is the net heat of combustion of methane ?

A
− 799 kJ/mol
B
− 802 kJ/mol
C
+ 1598 kJ/mol
D
+ 799 kJ/mol

Question 887Single Answer

In an ideal magnetohydrodynamic power plant, the speed of flow of the hot ionized gas is u m/s. The maximum power output from the plant varies as

A
∝ u
B
∝ u^3/2
C
∝ u²
D
∝ u³

Question 888Single Answer

An ideal wind turbine located on a hill top produces electrical power. If wind speed changes by 5%, by what percentage the electrical power will change ?

A
12.5 %
B
25 %
C
30 %
D
15 %

Question 889Single Answer

A person working in a nuclear reactor is exposed to a beam of thermal neutrons and receives a dose of 20 millirads per hour for an exposure of 12 minutes. What is the equivalent dose in millirems, the person is exposed to ?

A
4
B
8
C
12
D
16

Question 890Single Answer

What is the approximate increase in radiative forcing if the CO₂ concentration increases from 400 ppm to 800 ppm ?

A
~ 4.37 W/m²
B
~ 3.81 W/m²
C
~ 2.72 W/m²
D
~ 1.62 W/m²

Question 891Single Answer

Given below are two statements. One labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R) :
Assertion (A) : Large parts of India have already become water stressed .
Reason (R) : Climate change may be the main reason .
Choose the correct answer :

A
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
B
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
C
(A) is true, but (R) is false
D
(A) is false, but (R) is true

Question 892Single Answer

Ecosystem degradation refers to
(a) loss or decrease in biodiversity
(b) modification in structure of abiotic components
(c) impairment of ecosystem processes such as nutrient cycling
Choose the correct answer :

A
(a) only
B
(a) and (b) only
C
(b) and (c) only
D
(a), (b) and (c)

Question 893Single Answer

In addition to their role in ozone depletion, CFCs play a role in global warming by

A
reducing the albedo of the earth's surface
B
absorbing solar radiation
C
blocking UV-B radiation on earth
D
absorbing terrestrial radiation

Question 894Single Answer

Given below are two statements. One labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R) :
Assertion (A) : As per equilibrium theory of island biogeography, distance of the islands from the mainland determines the dispersal rate of new species .
Reason (R) : Size of an island is important in determining number of species .
Choose the correct answer :

A
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
B
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
C
(A) is true, but (R) is false
D
(A) is false, but (R) is true

Question 895Single Answer

Given below are two statements. One labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R) :
Assertion (A) : All cloud processes have implications for climate change .
Reason (R) : Clouds strongly affect the flux of both shortwave and infra-red light through atmosphere .
Choose the correct answer :

A
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
B
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
C
(A) is true, but (R) is false
D
(A) is false, but (R) is true

Question 896Single Answer

Using remote sensing for height measurement of trees, which microwave band is most suitable ?

Question 897Single Answer

For public use, Survey of India publishes topographical maps on 1: 50,000 scale. These maps use

A
UTM projection and WGS 84 datum
B
Polyconic projection and WGS84 datum
C
UTM projection and Modified Mount Everest datum
D
Polyconic projection and Modified Mount Everest datum

Question 898Single Answer

sub - geostrophic winds in the earth atmospheric system are caused by the balance involving

A
pressure gradient force, Coriolis force and frictional force
B
pressure gradient force and Coriolis force
C
pressure gradient force and frictional force
D
Coriolis force and frictional force

Question 899Single Answer

Which one of the following is not a set of polymorphous minerals ?

A
Calcite, aragonite, vaterite
B
Quartz, cocsite, tridymite
C
Graphite, anthracite, diamond
D
Kyanite, alusite and sillimanite

Question 900Single Answer

Match the List-1 and List-II. Identify the correct answer from the codes given below :
List-I List-II
(Geological events) (Processes)
(a) Exfoliation dome                (i) Landform change
(b) Rift valleys                         (ii) Ultisols
(c) Palacomagnetism              (ii) Mechanical weathering
(d) Pedogenesis                      (iv) Seafloor spreading
Codes :

A
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
B
(ii) (i) (iv) (iii)
C
(iii) (i) (iv) (ii)
D
(iv) (ii) (i) (iii)

Question 901Single Answer

Given below are two statements. One labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R) :
Assertion (A) : Soil development begins with physical, chemical and biological weathering of rocks .
Reason (R) : Anthropogenic factors play a major role in soil formation .
Choose the correct answer :

A
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
B
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
C
(A) is true but (R) is false
D
(A) is false but (R) is true

Question 902Single Answer

The most common ferromagnesian rock forming minerals are as follows :

A
Amphibole and Biotite Mica
B
Muscovita mica and Quartz
C
Galena and Pyrite
D
Calcite and Dolomite

Question 903Single Answer

Underground coal mine fires can best be monitored by remote sensing technique in the spectral region

A
3-5 µm
B
10-12 μm
C
1-3 pm
D
1-10 mm

Question 904Single Answer

Our inability to address the conflict between short term individual well-being and long term societal welfare is responsible for the

A
Tragedy of the population
B
Tragedy of the community
C
Tragedy of the environment
D
Tragedy of the commons

Question 905Single Answer

Proportion of representation of each species allows ecologists to compare different communities through graphical representation. Such a graph is called

A
Rank abundance curve
B
Species accumulation curve
C
Survivorship curve
D
Sigmoid curve

Question 906Single Answer

Lincoln index is a mark-recapture method used in animals to estimate the

A
total population density
B
total number
C
total frequency
D
total dominance

Question 907Single Answer

K-selected population during ecological succession tends to dominate in

A
mature stages
B
early stages
C
pioneer stages
D
seral stages

Question 908Single Answer

Evolution can be viewed as
(a) genetic change over time
(b) a process of descent with modification
(c) a sudden change in organism
(d) a man-made change in oraganism
Choose the correct code :

A
(a) and (b) only
B
(b) and (c) only
C
(c) and (d) only
D
(a) and (d) only

Question 909Single Answer

Given below are two statements. One labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R) :
Assertion (A) : C₄ photosynthesis lowers photorespiratory energy loss .
Reason (R) : The greater supply of CO₂ lowers the rate of O₂ uptake by rubisco substantially reducing photorespiration .
Choose the correct answer :

A
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
B
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
C
(A) is true, but (R) is false
D
(A) is false, but (R) is true

Question 910Single Answer

Symbiotic blue-green algal biofertilizer is obtained from

A
Nostoc species
B
Rhizobium species
C
Azolla mass culture
D
Azospirillum mass culture

Question 911Single Answer

With reference to smog consider the following statements :
(a) Los Angeles smog is oxidizing
(b) London smog is reducing
Choose the correct answer :

A
Both (a) and (b) are false
B
Both (a) and (b) are true
C
(a) is false, but (b) is true
D
(a) is true, but (b) is false

Question 912Single Answer

Match the List-I and List-II. Identify the correct answer from the codes given below :
List-I List-II
(Chemical Species) (Measurement Techniques)
(a) DO (i) West-Gaeke Method
(b) SO₂ (ii) Non-dispersive infrared analyser
(c) CO (iii) Chemiluminescence
(d) NO (iv) Winkler's Method
Codes :

A
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(iv) (i) (ii) (iii)
B
(iii) (ii) (i) (iv)
C
(ii) (iii) (iv) (i)
D
(i) (iv) (iii) (ii)

Question 913Single Answer

Disintegration of

Ra yields

Rn owning to the emission of

A
two β - particles
B
one α - particle
C
γ - radiation
D
one β - particle followed by an α-particle 86 owing

Question 914Single Answer

Given below are two statements. One labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R) :
Assertion (A) : Temperature in stratosphere increases with increase in altitude .
Reason (R) : Photodissociation of O₂ in stratosphere makes the lapse rate positive .
Choose the correct answer :

A
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
B
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
C
(A) is true, but (R) is false
D
(A) is false, but (R) is true

Question 915Single Answer

At 15 °C, a manufacturer dissolves CO₂ at 2.4 atm in water in a bottle. If Henry's law constant of CO₂ in water be 0.045 mol L^-1 atm^-1 at 15 °C, calculate the concentration of CO₂ dissolved in water .

A
5.6 mol L^-1
B
0.019 mol L^-1
C
0.098 mol L^-1
D
0.108 mol L^-1

Question 916Single Answer

Match the List-I and List-II. Identify the correct answer from the codes given below :
List-I List-II
(Pesticides) (Purpose)
(a) Malathion (i) Molluscicide
(b) Metaldehyde (ii) Fungicide
(c) Diethyl Tolumide (DEET) (iii) Insecticide
(d) Chloroneb (iv) Insect repellant
Codes :

A
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(iv) (ii) (i) (iii)
B
(iii) (i) (iv) (ii)
C
(ii) (iv) (iii) (i)
D
(i) (iii) (ii) (iv)

Question 917Single Answer

Which of the following is not an Advanced Oxidation Process for the treatment of waste water ?

A
Photo Fenton Process
B
Photocatalytic TiO₂ Process
C
UV/H₂O₂ Process
D
Acidified Potassium Dichromate Oxidation Process

Question 918Single Answer

If a material containing humic substances is extracted with a strong base, and the resulting solution is acidified, products are
(a) humin
(b) humic acid
(c) fulvic acid
Choose the correct answer :

A
(a) only
B
(a) and (b) only
C
(a), (b) and (c)
D
(b) and (c) only

Question 919Single Answer

Which one of the following elements contributes maximum to the earth crust by weight ?

A
Iron
B
Silicon
C
Oxygen
D
Carbon

Question 920Single Answer

The lowest temperature is observed in which layer of the atmosphere ?

A
Troposphere
B
Mesosphere
C
Stratosphere
D
Thermosphere

Question 921Single Answer

Which of the following gases has the lowest residence time ?

A
CO₂
B
N₂O
C
CFCs
D
CH₄

Question 922Single Answer

Which of the following statement is incorrect ?

A
Chromium (VI) is highly toxic
B
Methyl mercury is most toxic mercury species
C
Arsenic (III) is more toxic than arsenic (V)
D
Cadmium is a criteria pollutant

Question 923Single Answer

The most abundant functional group present in fulvic acid, commonly found in soils, is :

A
Peptide group
B
Carboxylate group
C
Phenolic group
D
Amino group

Question 924Single Answer

The source of Stratospheric NO_X is :

A
Atmospheric N₂
B
Tropospheric N₂O
C
Tropospheric NO
D
Tropospheric NO₂

Question 925Single Answer

In troposphere, which of the following processes does not generate hydroxyl radical ?

A
O(¹D) + H₂O
B
O(³P) + H₂O
C
HCHO + hv
D
HNO₂ + hv

Question 926Single Answer

The most common form of lead present in pesticide is :

A
Lead acetate
B
Lead arsenate
C
Lead azide
D
Lead telluride

Question 927Single Answer

Consider the following four statements about benzo[a]pyrene :
(a) It is a group I carcinogen
(b) It is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon
(c) Its molecular formula is C₂₀H₁₂
(d) It has four benzene rings
Choose the correct code :

A
(a) and (b) only
B
(a), (b) and (c) only
C
(b), (c) and (d) only
D
(a), (b), (c) and (d)

Question 928Single Answer

Given below are two statements. One labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R) .
Assertion (A) : Radon is an inert gas and it is radioactive .
Reason (R) : All inert gases are radioactive .
Choose the correct answer :

A
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
B
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
C
(A) is true, but (R) is false
D
(A) is false, but (R) is true

Question 929Single Answer

Most of Epiphytes are examples of type of biotic interactions called :

A
Mutualism
B
Coevolution
C
Commensalism
D
Parasitism

Question 930Single Answer

Inhalation of airborne mold spore leads to disease in man such as :

A
Bronchitis
B
Allergy
C
Cardiac congestion
D
Eye initation

Question 931Single Answer

Biological diversity is mainly a function of :
(a) Latitude
(b) Longitude
(c) Distance from sea
Choose the correct answer :

A
(a) only
B
(a) and (b) only
C
(b) and (c) only
D
(a), (b) and (c)

Question 932Single Answer

The ability of a living system to be restored through secondary succession after a more severe disturbance is known as :

A
Rehabilitation
B
Resistance
C
Resilience
D
Restoration

Question 933Single Answer

The characteristic feature of the background extinction is disappearance of a species at a :

A
low rate
B
fast rate
C
lapse rate
D
intrinsic rate

Question 934Single Answer

Speciation means :

A
Natural process of extinction of different species
B
Artificial process of extinction of different ecies
C
One species splits into two or more different species naturally
D
Characterisation of different species

Question 935Single Answer

Topological modelling is a well organized cluster of functions in GIS to process :
(a) Spatial data
(b) Attribute data
(c) Physico-chemical data
(d) Species richness data
Choose the correct code :

A
(a) and (b) only
B
(b) and (c) only
C
(a), (b) and (c) only
D
(a), (b), (c) and (a)

Question 936Single Answer

A rock body or formation which may be porous enough to hold enough quantity of water but which by virtue of its other properties does not allow an easy and quick flow through it. is called :

A
Aquitard
B
Aquifuge
C
Aquiclude
D
Aquifer

Question 937Single Answer

For many decades, geologists noted the high number of earthquakes and active volcanoes occurring around the rim of the Pacific Ocean basin. This is called :

A
Volcanic ring
B
Ring of fire
C
Earthquake zone
D
Volcanic hot spot

Question 938Single Answer

Inversion that occurs near Earth's Surface is called :

A
Radiation inversion
B
Advectional inversion
C
Subsidence inversion
D
Cold-air-drainage inversion

Question 939Single Answer

The radiation flux emitted per unit solid angle in a specified direction by a unit area of source is called :

A
irradiance
B
radiance
C
exitance
D
radiant flux

Question 940Single Answer

Mean residence time of soil organic matter in an ecosystem is maximum in :

A
Tropical rain forest
B
Boreal forest
C
Temperate coniferous forest
D
Dry deciduous forest

Question 941Single Answer

Worst affected area by Indian Ocean Tsunami of December 2004 in India was :

A
Andaman and Nicobar Islands
B
Tamil Nadu
C
Andhra Pradesh
D
Odisha

Question 942Single Answer

Consider solar insolation of 400 W/m² incident on a single solar cell of area 100 cm². If only 15% of the photons cause electron - hole pairs and the average energy of incident photons is ~1 eV, the short circuit current of the cell is :

A
1.2 A
B
1.5 A
C
1.6 A
D
1.8 A

Question 943Single Answer

For which of the following renewable resources of energy, sun is not directly responsible ?

A
Wind
B
Biomass
C
OTEC
D
Tidal

Question 944Single Answer

In terms of the calorific value, identify the correct sequence :

A
Methane > hydrogen > ethanol > methanol
B
Hydrogen > methane > ethanol > methanol
C
Methane > hydrogen > methanol > ethanol
D
Hydrogen > ethanol > methane > methanol

Question 945Single Answer

At a given location the wind speeds are predominantly in the range 6 to 6.4 m/s. This location's wind power class will be termed as :

A
Fair
B
Good
C
Excellent
D
Outstanding

Question 946Single Answer

Which of the following nuclides does not undergo fission with low energy (slow) neutrons ?

A
235 U
B
238 U
C
239 Pu
D
233 U

Question 947Single Answer

According to CPCB standards, the annual average concentration of PM_2.5 should not exceed :

A
60 µg m^-3
B
40 µg m^-3
C
80 µg m^-3
D
100 µg m^-3

Question 948Single Answer

Which of the following is a secondary aerosol ?

A
Pollens
B
Virus
C
Sodium Chloride
D
Ammonium Sulphate

Question 949Single Answer

In the colorimetric determination of ambient SO₂ by WEST-GAEKE method, the absorbance of the coloured complex should be measured at which of the following wavelengths ?

A
550 nm
B
650 nm
C
450 nm
D
350 nm

Question 950Single Answer

A healthy human ear, before experiencing pain, can detect sound pressure levels as :

A
50 Pa
B
100 Pa
C
200 Pa
D
1000 Pa

Question 951Single Answer

The result of two noise levels of 80 dB and 50 dB will be about :

A
~ 80 dB
B
~ 82 dB
C
~ 60 dB
D
~ 130 dB

Question 952Single Answer

The half life of radioactive iodine - 131 is :

A
30 years
B
15 years
C
5 years
D
8 days

Question 953Single Answer

Which of the following best describes the function of the environmental management plan as a part of the environmental statement ?

A
It describes the environmental impacts of the proposal
B
It describes the baseline environmental data
C
It describes the project proposal in detail
D
It describes the actions and auditing procedures needed

Question 954Single Answer

India submitted its INDCs related to climate change to the UN recently. What does INDCs stand for ?

A
Intended Nationally Devoted Contributions
B
Intended Nationally Determined Contributions
C
Intended Notified Decisive Contributions
D
India's Nationally Determined Contributions

Question 955Single Answer

Formal EIA became an integral part of Environmental Management in India by a Notification for the first time in :

A
1988
B
1990
C
1992
D
1994

Question 956Single Answer

ELA is necessary because :
(a) Development is not good for environment
(b) Environmental impacts of development are in public interest
(c) There is growing interest in sustainability
Choose the correct answer :

A
(a) only
B
(b) only
C
(b) and (c) only
D
(a), (b) and (c)

Question 957Single Answer

A moist air parcel at 24°C has a mixing ratio of 10 g per kg. Its virtual temperature is :

A
~25.81°C
B
~20.68°C
C
~31.25°℃
D
~28.12°C

Question 958Single Answer

The Vienna Convention is basically related to :

A
International trade in endangered species
B
Protection of O₂ layer
C
Biodiversity conservation
D
Preservation of cultural environment

Question 959Single Answer

According to Wildlife Protection Act in India, who is the authority to issue permission to hunt rogue animals ?

A
Chief Minister of the State
B
Chief Wildlife Warden
C
Conservator of Forest
D
Deputy Commissioner

Question 960Single Answer

According to MOEF (now MOEFCC) notification of 1992, for labelling cosmetics as environment friendly product, the presence of fluoride (F) in tooth paste/powder should not exceed :

A
20 ppm
B
50 ppm
C
100 ppm
D
10 ppm

Question 961Single Answer

Which one of the following methods converts decomposed liquid or solid hazardous organic waste effectively ?

A
Open incineration
B
Plasma incineration
C
Sanitory landfill
D
Bioremidiation

Question 962Single Answer

For a bi-variate sample, the correlation coefficient is 0.25 and it is found to be significantly different from zero at 5% level of significance. Given to05 1.645, what is 10.05 = the minimum size of the sample ?

A
43
B
50
C
55
D
63

Question 963Single Answer

Which one of the following is non probability sampling ?

A
Convenience probability
B
Stratified
C
Cluster
D
Systemic

Question 964Single Answer

A parametric test generally used to compare sample variance to a theoretical population variance, is :

A
F - test
B
Z - test
C
t - test
D
X² - text

Question 965Single Answer

The pollution in a city like Delhi may be controlled to a great extent

A
by proper sewage and proper exit of chemicals from factories
B
by wide roads and factories away from the city
C
by cleaning the city and scanty use of pesticides
D
All of the above

Question 966Single Answer

One of the natural causes of occurrence of inland soil alkalinity is the presence of :

A
Sodium hypochlorite
B
Potassium nitrate
C
Sodium chloride
D
Sodium carbonate

Question 967Single Answer

The Supreme Court of India directed the government to implement environmental education in all educational institutions as compulsory subject in :

A
1976
B
2003
C
1988
D
2014

Question 968Single Answer

Organic wetland soils have :

A
high cation capacity
B
high bulk density
C
low porosity
D
high nutrient availability

Question 969Single Answer

Which one of the following statements is not true in the case of point source Gaussian Plume Model ?

A
Wind speeds are constant in time
B
Pollutants are conservativ
C
Rate of emission of pollutants from the stack is constant
D
The ground level concentration is inversely proportional to effective stack height

Question 970Single Answer

Consider the simple regression equation Y = a + bx between the variables Y and X. If the standard deviation S_x and S_y are 3 and 2 respectively and correlation coefficient r = : 0.75, the estimate of b is :

A
0.25
B
0.5
C
1.125
D
1.5

Question 971Single Answer

Consider two normal populations with variances of 10 and 20, respectively. If two independent random samples drawn from the two populations are of the sizes 30 and 24 and their variances 10 and 15 respectively, the value of static F_(29,23) is :

A
1.33
B
2.50
C
1.56
D
3.0

Question 972Single Answer

A normal population has

= 6. The sum of squares of deviations of 15 sample values from their mean being 120, what is the x² (chi-square) value ?

A
9
B
48
C
20
D
1.33

Question 973Single Answer

Choose the correct sequence of phases associated with a population growth that exhibits logistic model represented by

A
Stationary phase → Exponential phase → Lag phase
B
Lag phase → Stationary phase → Exponential phase
C
Lag phase → Exponential phase → Stationary phase
D
Exponential phase → Stationary phase → Lag phase

Question 974Single Answer

The toxic substances of special concern emitted during incineration process from waste to energy plants are :
(a) Carbon monoxide
(b) Carbon dioxide
(c) Dioxins
(d) Furans
Choose the correct answer :

A
(a) and (b) only
B
(b) and (c) only
C
(a) and (d) only
D
(c) and (d) only

Question 975Single Answer

Sanitary landfills have following properties. They :
(a) reduce trash volume in a short time
(b) release CH₄ and CO₂
(c) eventually produce leachate which contaminate ground water
Choose the correct answer :

A
(a) and (b) only
B
(b) only
C
(a) and (c) only
D
(a), (b) and (c)

Question 976Single Answer

For providing information related to environment to decision makers, policy makers, scientists and environmental engineers all over the country, ENVIS was established in the year belonging to :

A
Sixties
B
Seventies
C
Eighties
D
Nineties

Question 977Single Answer

The total radiative forcing of all major and minor green-house gases in the year 2014 is estimated to be :

A
~ 2.51 W/m²
B
~ 2.93 W/m²
C
~ 1.87 W/m²
D
~ 2.7 W/m²

Question 978Single Answer

The depletion of the ozone layer causes

A
global wanning
B
earthquakes
C
increased UV radiations
D
acid rain

Question 979Single Answer

A thermal power plant based on coal produces 100 MW of electrical power with conversion efficiency of 30%. If the ash content of coal is 5% and net heating value is 30 MJ per kg, how much ash is produced daily ?

A
48 metric tons
B
24 metric tons
C
90 metric tons
D
60 metric tons

Question 980Single Answer

Under which section of Wildlife (Protection) Act 1972, the state government can declare an area closed to hunting for a specified period ?
A. Section 35
B. Section 27
C. Section 38-A
D. Section 37

A
Section 35
B
Section 27
C
Section 38-A
D
Section 37

Question 981Single Answer

Which one of the following criteria should not contribute to the process of establishing significance of the impact of a developmental project on environment ?

A
Sensitivity of surrounding environment
B
Probability of the impact occurring
C
Views and values of the developer
D
Views and suggestions of the public

Question 982Single Answer

The following benefits may accure as a result of environmental audit :
(a) Material audit leads to improvement in the production efficiency and cost
(b) Pollution monitoring leads to environmental quality improvement
(c) Approach towards zero discharge and zero emission leads to clean development
(d) Incentive for pollution abatement in the form of reduction in import tax leads to cleaner environment
Choose the correct answer :

A
(a) only
B
(b) and (c) only
C
(b) and (d) only
D
(a), (b), (c) and (d)

Question 983Single Answer

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) was incorporated under which one of the following legislations ?

A
Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act 1981
B
Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1981
C
Indian Forest Act, 1927
D
Environmental (Protection) Act 1986

Question 984Single Answer

A company operating a vehicle Manufactureing plant has developed Environmental Management System (EMS) to enhance its performance and to improve quality of its products. The key aspects of this EMS would include :

A
Audit of manufacturing plant safety procedure
B
Maximizing returns to stakeholders of the company
C
The development of an overall framework for environmental affairs of the company
D
The aspects of costs involved in developing an environmental policy

Question 985Single Answer

Best practice in scoping requires :
(a) A site visit
(b) Relevant experience of other similar developmental projects
(c) Employing formal scoping techniques
Choose the correct answer :

A
(a) only
B
(a) and (b) only
C
(b) and (d) only
D
(a), (b), (c) and (d)

Question 986Single Answer

Match the list I and II .
List – I List – II
(Stages in EIA) (Actions in EIA)
(a) Screening (i) Reduce or avoid the impacts
(b) Scoping (ii) Establish present and future stages of environment
(c) Baseline description (iii) Early indication of crucial impacts
D. Mitigation measures (iv) Narrowing the application of EIA
Codes :

A
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(iv) (iii) (ii) (i)
B
(i) (iv) (iii) (ii)
C
(ii) (i) (iv) (iii)
D
(iii) (ii) (i) (iv)

Question 987Single Answer

The decision making process in EIA generally does not include :

A
Cost-benefit analysis
B
Procedural information
C
Socio-economic aspects
D
Operational management

Question 988Single Answer

Which of the following actions may be recommended for acidified lakes ?

A
Ammoniation
B
Liming
C
Ozonation
D
Chlorination

Question 989Single Answer

Given below are two statements. One labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R) .
Assertion (A) : All types of aerosols contribute to radiative forcing .
Reason (R) : Aerosol effectively absorb electromagnetic radiations .
Choose the correct answer :

A
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
B
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
C
(A) is true, but (R) is false
D
(A) is false, but (R) is true

Question 990Single Answer

Given below are two statements. One labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R) .
Assertion (A) : The efficiency of fuel cells is not limited by the second law of thermodynamics .
Reason (R) : There is no intermediate heat to work conversion in a fuel cell .
Choose the correct answer :

A
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
B
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
C
(A) is true, but (R) is false
D
(A) is false, but (R) is true

Question 991Single Answer

Given below are two statements. One labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R) .
Assertion (A) : A wind rose with approximately equal length spokes (or petals) represents great variation of wind direction over a given duration .
Reason (R) : The length of the spokes is a measure of wind speeds in a given duration .
Choose the correct answer :

A
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
B
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
C
(A) is true, but (R) is false
D
(A) is false, but (R) is true

Question 992Single Answer

Given below are two statements. One labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R) .
Assertion (A) : Large scale OTEC development may exacerbate the green-house effect .
Reason (R) : Methane is a green-house gas .
Choose the correct answer :

A
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
B
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
C
(A) is true, but (R) is false
D
(A) is false, but (R) is true

Question 993Single Answer

In a spectrophotometric cell of 2.0 cm path length, the solution of a substance shows the absorbance value of 1.0. If the molar absorptivity of the compound is 2 x 10⁴ L mol^--1 cm^-1, calculate the concentration of the substance in solution. What is the concentration of the substance in that solution ?

A
2.5 x 10^-5 mol L^-1
B
4.0 x 10^-4 mol L^-1
C
1.0 x 10⁴ mol L^-1
D
5.0 x 10^-4 mol L^-1

Question 994Single Answer

In order to obtain useful fusion energy from a thermonuclear fusion reactor, if the confinement time of the D + T Plasma ions is 1 μ sec, the ion density (per m³) must be :

A
≥ 10²⁶ m^-3
B
≥ 10²³ m^-3
C
≥ 10²⁰ m^-3
D
≥ 10¹⁴ m^-3

Question 995Single Answer

Which of the following is not a detrivore ?

A
Vultures
B
Earthworms
C
Insects
D
Hydrilla

Question 996Single Answer

Secondary succession begins at :

A
base rock
B
newly cooled lava
C
burnt forest
D
newly created shallow pond

Question 997Single Answer

Given below are two statements. One labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R) .
Assertion (A) : It is generally agreed that life on earth began between 3.5 and 4.5 billion years ago .
Reason (R) : The first form of life was the anaerobic bacteria as environment was devoid of oxygen .
Choose the correct answer :

A
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
B
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
C
(A) is true, but (R) is false
D
(A) is false, but (R) is true

Question 998Single Answer

The total number of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) announced by UN in 2015 are :

A
15
B
17
C
19
D
21

Question 999Single Answer

The total area of productive ecosystem required to support the population sustainably is known as :

A
Ecological footprint
B
Ecological handprint
C
Carrying capacity
D
Ecological services

Question 1000Single Answer

Carrying capacity of a population determines that a particular habitat for a given species can sustain :

A
Minimum Population
B
Maximum Population
C
Average Population
D
A Fraction of Migrating Population

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