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Latest NFSU NFAT MA Criminology Exam Question (Objective Questions), MCQ in English
Subjects : Criminology, Sociology, Social Psychology, Social Work-related areas
Question Bank NFAT M.A Criminology Exam - English
Criminology
Q 1 :
Which court is the highest judicial authority in India?
A.District Court
B.Supreme Court
C.High Court
D.Sessions Court
Q 2 :
What is the primary function of the Supreme Court of India?
A.Conducting initial criminal trials
B.Acting as the final court of appeal
C.Handling only civil disputes
D.Managing local governance issues
Q 3 :
Which court serves as the principal civil court of original jurisdiction in a state?
A.Supreme Court
B.High Court
C.Sessions Court
D.Magistrate Court
Q 4 :
What type of court handles serious criminal cases at the district level?
A.Judicial Magistrate Court
B.High Court
C.Sessions Court
D.Supreme Court
Q 5 :
Which court has appellate jurisdiction over decisions of High Courts?
A.Sessions Court
B.Supreme Court
C.District Court
D.Executive Magistrate Court
Q 6 :
What is the lowest level of criminal court in the Indian judicial system?
A.High Court
B.Judicial Magistrate Court
C.Sessions Court
D.Supreme Court
Q 7 :
Which court can try offenses punishable under the Indian Penal Code (IPC)?
A.Only Supreme Court
B.High Court or Sessions Court
C.Only Civil Court
D.Only Executive Magistrate Court
Q 8 :
Who appoints judges to the High Courts in India?
A.Prime Minister
B.State Governor
C.President of India
D.Chief Justice of India
Q 9 :
What is the retirement age for judges of the Supreme Court?
A.62 years
B.65 years
C.60 years
D.70 years
Q 10 :
Which court oversees the judicial administration of a state?
A.Supreme Court
B.District Court
C.High Court
D.Sessions Court
Q 11 :
What is the role of a Judicial Magistrate First Class?
A.Handling only civil cases
B.Trying minor criminal offenses
C.Supervising High Court operations
D.Issuing state-wide policies
Q 12 :
Which court is known as the court of record in a state?
A.Sessions Court
B.High Court
C.District Court
D.Judicial Magistrate Court
Q 13 :
What type of cases can the Supreme Court hear under its original jurisdiction?
A.Disputes between states or between the Union and states
B.Minor criminal cases
C.Local property disputes
D.Family law cases
Q 14 :
Which court handles appeals from subordinate courts within a district?
A.Supreme Court
B.High Court
C.District Court
D.Executive Magistrate Court
Q 15 :
What is the retirement age for High Court judges in India?
A.60 years
B.62 years
C.65 years
D.70 years
Q 16 :
Which constitutional article establishes the Supreme Court of India?
A.Article 124
B.Article 131
C.Article 136
D.Article 142
Q 17 :
What is the primary function of a Sessions Court?
A.Handling minor civil disputes
B.Trying serious criminal cases
C.Issuing administrative orders
D.Supervising police investigations
Q 18 :
Which court can issue writs for the enforcement of fundamental rights?
A.District Court
B.Sessions Court
C.High Court
D.Judicial Magistrate Court
Q 19 :
Who presides over a Sessions Court?
A.Judicial Magistrate
B.Sessions Judge
C.Chief Justice
D.Executive Magistrate
Q 20 :
Which court has supervisory jurisdiction over all courts in a state?
A.Supreme Court
B.High Court
C.District Court
D.Sessions Court
Q 21 :
What is the first step in initiating a criminal case in India?
A.Filing a First Information Report (FIR)
B.Conducting a trial
C.Issuing an arrest warrant
D.Granting bail
Q 22 :
Under which legal provision is an FIR registered?
A.Section 154 of CrPC
B.Section 200 of IPC
C.Section 41 of CrPC
D.Section 320 of IPC
Q 23 :
Who is authorized to file an FIR?
A.Only a lawyer
B.Any person, including the victim or witness
C.Only a police officer
D.Only a magistrate
Q 24 :
What is the purpose of an investigation in a criminal case?
A.To pronounce a verdict
B.To collect evidence and establish facts
C.To grant bail
D.To file an appeal
Q 25 :
Who conducts the investigation after an FIR is filed?
A.Lawyer
B.Police officer
C.Judge
D.Public prosecutor
Q 26 :
Under which section of the CrPC can a police officer arrest without a warrant?
A.Section 41
B.Section 154
C.Section 200
D.Section 320
Q 27 :
What is the maximum period a person can be detained in police custody without judicial approval?
A.24 hours
B.48 hours
C.7 days
D.15 days
Q 28 :
What is bail in the context of criminal procedure?
A.Permanent release from prison
B.Temporary release of an accused pending trial
C.Final verdict in a case
D.Filing of an FIR
Q 29 :
Which court can grant anticipatory bail?
A.Judicial Magistrate Court
B.Sessions Court or High Court
C.District Court only
D.Supreme Court only
Q 30 :
What is the purpose of a charge sheet in a criminal case?
A.To initiate an investigation
B.To present evidence and charges against the accused
C.To grant bail
D.To file an appeal
Q 31 :
Under which section of the CrPC is a charge sheet filed?
A.Section 173
B.Section 41
C.Section 154
D.Section 200
Q 32 :
What is the role of a public prosecutor in a criminal trial?
A.Defending the accused
B.Representing the state to prove guilt
C.Filing an FIR
D.Conducting the investigation
Q 33 :
Which stage of the trial involves presenting evidence and witnesses?
A.Framing of charges
B.Examination of evidence
C.Pronouncement of judgment
D.Filing of FIR
Q 34 :
What is a cognizable offense?
A.An offense where police can arrest without a warrant
B.An offense requiring a court order for arrest
C.A minor offense with no punishment
D.An offense handled only by civil courts
Q 35 :
Who can issue a warrant for arrest?
A.Police officer
B.Public prosecutor
C.Magistrate
D.Victim
Q 36 :
What is the purpose of cross-examination in a trial?
A.To file an FIR
B.To question witnesses to test their credibility
C.To grant bail
D.To pronounce a verdict
Q 37 :
Which section of the CrPC governs the procedure for granting bail?
A.Section 437
B.Section 154
C.Section 173
D.Section 41
Q 38 :
What is a non-cognizable offense?
A.An offense where police cannot arrest without a warrant
B.An offense with no punishment
C.An offense handled only by the Supreme Court
D.An offense requiring immediate trial
Q 39 :
What happens if an accused fails to appear in court after bail?
A.Bail is automatically extended
B.A non-bailable warrant may be issued
C.The case is dismissed
D.The trial proceeds without the accused
Q 40 :
What is the final stage of a criminal trial?
A.Filing an FIR
B.Pronouncement of judgment
C.Investigation
D.Framing of charges
Sociology
Q 41 :
What is a social structure in the context of society?
A.A system of economic policies
B.A pattern of relationships and roles within a society
C.A collection of individual beliefs
D.A set of legal regulations
Q 42 :
Which institution is primarily responsible for socializing individuals in a society?
A.Government
B.Family
C.Economy
D.Military
Q 43 :
What role does the institution of education play in society?
A.Enforcing laws
B.Transmitting knowledge and cultural values
C.Regulating economic markets
D.Conducting military operations
Q 44 :
Which social institution governs the distribution of power and resources?
A.Religion
B.Politics
C.Family
D.Education
Q 45 :
What is the function of social institutions in maintaining social order?
A.Promoting individual isolation
B.Providing norms and stability
C.Encouraging social chaos
D.Limiting cultural diversity
Q 46 :
Which concept describes the hierarchical organization of individuals in a society?
A.Social stratification
B.Social equality
C.Social mobility
D.Social integration
Q 47 :
What is a key characteristic of a social institution?
A.Temporary and informal organization
B.Enduring and structured system of roles
C.Individual-focused operations
D.Unregulated activities
Q 48 :
Which institution shapes moral and ethical behavior in many societies?
A.Economy
B.Religion
C.Media
D.Government
Q 49 :
What is the primary role of the economic institution in society?
A.Enforcing laws
B.Producing and distributing goods and services
C.Shaping cultural beliefs
D.Providing healthcare
Q 50 :
Which theory views social institutions as mechanisms to maintain stability?
A.Conflict theory
B.Symbolic interactionism
C.Functionalism
D.Feminist theory
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NFAT M.A Criminology Exam Question Bank Book - English
What is social mobility in the context of social structure?
A.Movement of individuals between social classes
B.Fixed social hierarchy
C.Elimination of social roles
D.Uniform distribution of resources
Q 52 :
Which institution regulates behavior through laws and policies?
A.Family
B.Government
C.Religion
D.Education
Q 53 :
What is a primary function of the media as a social institution?
A.Enforcing criminal justice
B.Shaping public opinion and information
C.Providing religious guidance
D.Managing economic production
Q 54 :
Which social structure is based on kinship and lineage?
A.Economy
B.Family
C.Politics
D.Media
Q 55 :
What is the role of social norms in social structures?
A.Promoting disorder
B.Guiding acceptable behavior
C.Limiting social interactions
D.Encouraging inequality
Q 56 :
Which institution addresses health and well-being in society?
A.Healthcare
B.Religion
C.Education
D.Economy
Q 57 :
What does the term "social institution" refer to in sociology?
A.Temporary social gatherings
B.Organized systems that meet societal needs
C.Individual actions
D.Unstructured social interactions
Q 58 :
Which theory critiques social institutions for perpetuating inequality?
A.Functionalism
B.Symbolic interactionism
C.Conflict theory
D.Rational choice theory
Q 59 :
What is a key feature of social stratification?
A.Equal distribution of resources
B.Hierarchical ranking based on wealth or status
C.Elimination of social roles
D.Uniform social mobility
Q 60 :
Which institution fosters cultural identity and community cohesion?
A.Religion
B.Government
C.Economy
D.Media
Social Psychology
Q 61 :
What area of social psychology focuses on how people think about themselves, other people, and the social world?
A.Social influence
B.Social cognition
C.Social behavior
D.Social relations
Q 62 :
Which of the following is a key cognitive process involved in interpreting social information?
A.Emotional regulation
B.Sensory perception
C.Attention and interpretation
D.Motor skills
Q 63 :
The process by which people select, interpret, remember, and use social information to make judgments and decisions is known as what?
A.Social perception
B.Social cognition
C.Social interaction
D.Social influence
Q 64 :
Mental shortcuts that people use to make judgments quickly and efficiently are called what?
A.Algorithms
B.Heuristics
C.Schemas
D.Scripts
Q 65 :
Which heuristic involves basing judgments on the ease with which information comes to mind?
A.Representativeness heuristic
B.Availability heuristic
C.Anchoring and adjustment heuristic
D.Simulation heuristic
Q 66 :
Judging the likelihood of things in terms of how well they seem to represent, or match, particular prototypes is characteristic of which heuristic?
A.Availability heuristic
B.Anchoring and adjustment heuristic
C.Representativeness heuristic
D.Affect heuristic
Q 67 :
The tendency to rely too heavily on the first piece of information offered (the "anchor") when making decisions is known as what?
A.Confirmation bias
B.Hindsight bias
C.Anchoring and adjustment heuristic
D.Belief perseverance
Q 68 :
Organized clusters of knowledge about a particular topic that help us interpret and remember information are called what?
A.Heuristics
B.Attitudes
C.Schemas
D.Stereotypes
Q 69 :
Which type of schema involves knowledge about specific events or situations and the sequence of actions expected in them?
A.Person schemas
B.Role schemas
C.Self-schemas
D.Scripts
Q 70 :
Generalizations about groups of people in which identical characteristics are assigned to virtually all members of the group, regardless of actual variation among the members, are called what?
A.Attitudes
B.Stereotypes
C.Prejudices
D.Discriminations
Q 71 :
The process of explaining one's own behavior and the behavior of other people is known as what?
A.Social perception
B.Attribution
C.Social influence
D.Cognitive dissonance
Q 72 :
Which attribution theory suggests that we try to decide whether a person's behavior is due to their internal characteristics (dispositional attribution) or to environmental factors (situational attribution)?
A.Social identity theory
B.Correspondent inference theory
C.Self-perception theory
D.Elaboration likelihood model
Q 73 :
According to Kelley's covariation model, what three types of information do we examine when making attributions?
A.Consistency, distinctiveness, and consensus
B.Stability, controllability, and locus of causality
C.Internal, external, and interactive
D.Intentionality, justifiability, and foreseeability
Q 74 :
In Kelley's covariation model, information about the extent to which other people behave the same way toward the same stimulus is called what?
A.Consistency information
B.Distinctiveness information
C.Consensus information
D.Stability information
Q 75 :
Information about the extent to which one particular actor behaves in the same way to different stimuli is known as what in Kelley's model?
A.Consensus information
B.Consistency information
C.Distinctiveness information
D.Controllability information
Q 76 :
In Kelley's covariation model, information about the extent to which the behavior between one actor and one stimulus is the same across time and circumstances is called what?
A.Distinctiveness information
B.Consensus information
C.Consistency information
D.Locus of causality information
Q 77 :
The tendency to overestimate the extent to which other people's behavior is due to internal, dispositional factors and to underestimate the role of situational factors is called what?
A.Self-serving bias
B.Fundamental attribution error
C.Actor-observer bias
D.Just-world bias
Q 78 :
What is another term for the fundamental attribution error?
A.Correspondence bias
B.Self-serving attribution
C.Defensive attribution
D.Belief in a just world
Q 79 :
The tendency to see other people's behavior as dispositionally caused but focusing more on the role of situational factors when explaining one's own behavior is known as what?
A.Fundamental attribution error
B.Self-serving bias
C.Actor-observer bias
D.Hindsight bias
Q 80 :
Which attributional bias is the tendency for people to take credit for their successes and blame external factors for their failures?
A.Fundamental attribution error
B.Actor-observer bias
C.Self-serving bias
D.Belief perseverance
Social Work-related areas
Q 81 :
Which international document outlines the fundamental rights of children?
A.Universal Declaration of Human Rights
B.United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC)
C.Geneva Convention
D.Vienna Convention
Q 82 :
What is a fundamental right of children under the UNCRC?
A.Right to vote
B.Right to education
C.Right to property
D.Right to employment
Q 83 :
Which article of the UNCRC emphasizes the best interests of the child?
A.Article 3
B.Article 12
C.Article 19
D.Article 28
Q 84 :
What is the right to survival under the UNCRC?
A.Access to healthcare and nutrition
B.Right to participate in governance
C.Right to own property
D.Right to legal representation
Q 85 :
Which fundamental right ensures children are protected from abuse?
A.Right to participation
B.Right to protection
C.Right to development
D.Right to education
Q 86 :
Under the UNCRC, what is the right to participation?
A.Children’s right to express views in matters affecting them
B.Children’s right to work
C.Children’s right to own property
D.Children’s right to vote
Q 87 :
Which fundamental right of children includes access to play and leisure?
A.Right to survival
B.Right to development
C.Right to protection
D.Right to participation
Q 88 :
What does the UNCRC define as the maximum age for a child?
A.16 years
B.18 years
C.14 years
D.21 years
Q 89 :
Which right protects children from discrimination under the UNCRC?
A.Right to equality
B.Right to non-discrimination
C.Right to education
D.Right to survival
Q 90 :
What is a key principle of the UNCRC?
A.Children’s rights are secondary to adults
B.Children have inherent rights to dignity and protection
C.Children have no legal rights
D.Children’s rights are limited to education
Q 91 :
Which article of the UNCRC addresses protection from exploitation?
A.Article 32
B.Article 12
C.Article 19
D.Article 28
Q 92 :
What is the right to identity under the UNCRC?
A.Right to a name and nationality
B.Right to employment
C.Right to vote
D.Right to property
Q 93 :
Which fundamental right ensures children are not separated from their parents unlawfully?
A.Right to family environment
B.Right to education
C.Right to participation
D.Right to survival
Q 94 :
What does the right to protection include under the UNCRC?
A.Protection from abuse, neglect, and exploitation
B.Right to legal representation
C.Right to own property
D.Right to vote
Q 95 :
Which fundamental right promotes children’s access to information?
A.Right to participation
B.Right to development
C.Right to education
D.Right to survival
Q 96 :
Which Indian law provides a framework for child protection and juvenile justice?
A.Indian Penal Code, 1860
B.Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2015
C.Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005
D.Right to Education Act, 2009
Q 97 :
What is the primary objective of the POCSO Act, 2012 in India?
A.To regulate child labor
B.To protect children from sexual offenses
C.To ensure free education
D.To address child trafficking
Q 98 :
Which body in India monitors child rights implementation?
A.National Human Rights Commission
B.National Commission for Protection of Child Rights (NCPCR)
