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Latest Punjab Lecturer Political Science Exam Question (Objective Questions), MCQ in English

Subjects : Political Science

Question Bank Punjab Lecturer Political Science (Paper 2) Exam - English
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Political Science

Question 1Single Answer
The concept of governance primarily refers to:
  1. A
    Only the activities of government departments
  2. B
    Processes through which collective decisions are made and implemented
  3. C
    Judicial decision-making alone
  4. D
    Electoral competition alone
Question 2Single Answer
Which of the following is a major characteristic of good governance?
  1. A
    Administrative secrecy
  2. B
    Arbitrary decision-making
  3. C
    Transparency
  4. D
    Political centralization
Question 3Single Answer
The principle of rule of law requires that:
  1. A
    Laws are applied fairly and impartially
  2. B
    Government officials remain above law
  3. C
    Courts function under executive control
  4. D
    Administrative discretion is unlimited
Question 4Single Answer
Participatory governance emphasizes:
  1. A
    Exclusion of non-state actors
  2. B
    Complete bureaucratic autonomy
  3. C
    Citizen involvement in decision-making
  4. D
    Centralization of political authority
Question 5Single Answer
Transparency in governance mainly facilitates:
  1. A
    Administrative monopoly
  2. B
    Secrecy of public records
  3. C
    Elimination of legislative scrutiny
  4. D
    Public access to information
Question 6Single Answer
Accountability means that public authorities are expected to:
  1. A
    Avoid explaining their actions
  2. B
    Function independently of law
  3. C
    Answer for their decisions and actions
  4. D
    Operate without public scrutiny
Question 7Single Answer
Which feature of good governance requires institutions to serve stakeholders within a reasonable time?
  1. A
    Hierarchy
  2. B
    Secrecy
  3. C
    Centralization
  4. D
    Responsiveness
Question 8Single Answer
Consensus-oriented governance seeks to:
  1. A
    Eliminate differences in society
  2. B
    Replace elections with bureaucracy
  3. C
    Mediate differing interests to reach broad agreement
  4. D
    Prevent stakeholder consultation
Question 9Single Answer
Equity and inclusiveness in governance imply that:
  1. A
    Only majority groups should influence policy
  2. B
    Economic efficiency overrides social justice
  3. C
    Vulnerable groups should have opportunities to participate and benefit
  4. D
    Citizens should have identical occupations
Question 10Single Answer
Effectiveness and efficiency in good governance relate to:
  1. A
    Increasing administrative secrecy
  2. B
    Achieving desired outcomes while making suitable use of resources
  3. C
    Reducing citizen participation
  4. D
    Expanding hierarchy regardless of results
Question 11Single Answer
Democratic governance is most closely associated with:
  1. A
    Hereditary authority
  2. B
    Military administration
  3. C
    Popular participation and constitutional accountability
  4. D
    Permanent emergency rule
Question 12Single Answer
Civil society generally refers to:
  1. A
    Only government ministries
  2. B
    Parliament alone
  3. C
    Armed forces alone
  4. D
    Voluntary organizations and associations outside the formal state structure
Question 13Single Answer
Which institution belongs most clearly to civil society?
  1. A
    Supreme Court
  2. B
    Voluntary citizens' association
  3. C
    Ministry of Finance
  4. D
    Cabinet Secretariat
Question 14Single Answer
One important democratic role of civil society is to:
  1. A
    Abolish elections
  2. B
    Exercise sovereign legislative power
  3. C
    Replace the judiciary
  4. D
    Articulate citizens' interests and monitor government
Question 15Single Answer
The state's role in governance includes:
  1. A
    Prevention of citizen participation
  2. B
    Elimination of all social organizations
  3. C
    Removal of judicial institutions
  4. D
    Provision and regulation of public goods and services
Question 16Single Answer
The concept of an 'enabling state' emphasizes:
  1. A
    Facilitating cooperation among public, private and civil-society actors
  2. B
    State withdrawal from every public responsibility
  3. C
    Complete administrative centralization
  4. D
    Abolition of regulation
Question 17Single Answer
Citizen-centric administration places primary emphasis on:
  1. A
    Convenience of administrative offices
  2. B
    Expansion of official privileges
  3. C
    Confidentiality of all government activity
  4. D
    Needs and rights of service users
Question 18Single Answer
Social accountability refers mainly to:
  1. A
    Citizen-based mechanisms for demanding accountability from public authorities
  2. B
    Accountability imposed exclusively by courts
  3. C
    Military control over administration
  4. D
    Control exercised only by civil servants
Question 19Single Answer
Which is an example of social accountability?
  1. A
    Social audit
  2. B
    Judicial appointment
  3. C
    Cabinet reshuffle
  4. D
    Presidential ordinance
Question 20Single Answer
Vertical accountability in a democracy is most clearly associated with:
  1. A
    Citizens holding representatives accountable through elections
  2. B
    One ministry supervising another ministry
  3. C
    Courts reviewing administrative action
  4. D
    Internal departmental inspection
Question 21Single Answer
Horizontal accountability involves:
  1. A
    Market competition alone
  2. B
    Elections alone
  3. C
    Oversight among state institutions
  4. D
    Voluntary charity
Question 22Single Answer
Which institution can provide horizontal accountability over the executive?
  1. A
    Private family
  2. B
    Parliament
  3. C
    Informal friendship group
  4. D
    Sports association
Question 23Single Answer
Public consultation before a major policy decision promotes:
  1. A
    Administrative secrecy
  2. B
    Participatory governance
  3. C
    Unaccountable government
  4. D
    Judicial supremacy
Question 24Single Answer
Participatory budgeting enables citizens to:
  1. A
    Conduct foreign policy
  2. B
    Appoint Supreme Court judges
  3. C
    Dissolve Parliament
  4. D
    Participate in decisions concerning public spending priorities
Question 25Single Answer
Which principle is most directly strengthened by publishing government decisions and their reasons?
  1. A
    Transparency
  2. B
    Secrecy
  3. C
    Centralization
  4. D
    Patronage
Question 26Single Answer
Grievance-redress mechanisms mainly strengthen:
  1. A
    Political monopoly
  2. B
    Administrative secrecy
  3. C
    Responsiveness and accountability
  4. D
    Judicial immunity
Question 27Single Answer
A Citizen's Charter normally communicates:
  1. A
    Expected standards of public service
  2. B
    Election results
  3. C
    Constitutional amendments
  4. D
    Judicial precedents only
Question 28Single Answer
In good governance, administrative discretion should ideally be:
  1. A
    Completely arbitrary
  2. B
    Secret in every circumstance
  3. C
    Beyond judicial scrutiny
  4. D
    Exercised according to law and reason
Question 29Single Answer
Which concept stresses that public institutions should justify their actions?
  1. A
    Answerability
  2. B
    Heredity
  3. C
    Privilege
  4. D
    Sovereignty of bureaucracy
Question 30Single Answer
Democratic governance differs from purely administrative governance because it gives special importance to:
  1. A
    Participation, representation and accountability
  2. B
    Command alone
  3. C
    Secrecy alone
  4. D
    Technical knowledge alone
Question 31Single Answer
The legitimacy of democratic governance fundamentally rests upon:
  1. A
    Permanent emergency
  2. B
    Administrative secrecy
  3. C
    Public consent and constitutional authority
  4. D
    Unelected hereditary rule
Question 32Single Answer
Which approach treats citizens as active partners rather than passive beneficiaries?
  1. A
    Administrative isolation
  2. B
    Authoritarian administration
  3. C
    Closed bureaucracy
  4. D
    Participatory governance
Question 33Single Answer
A government releasing datasets for public use primarily advances:
  1. A
    Closed administration
  2. B
    Open government
  3. C
    Administrative privilege
  4. D
    Judicial secrecy
Question 34Single Answer
Good governance attempts to minimize corruption primarily through:
  1. A
    Transparency, accountability and effective institutions
  2. B
    Complete absence of rules
  3. C
    Unlimited official discretion
  4. D
    Elimination of public information
Question 35Single Answer
Which of the following best captures the relationship between government and governance?
  1. A
    They are completely unrelated
  2. B
    Government is broader than governance in every respect
  3. C
    Governance is broader than government
  4. D
    Governance concerns courts alone
Question 36Single Answer
India follows which form of government at the Union level?
  1. A
    Presidential
  2. B
    Parliamentary
  3. C
    Directorial
  4. D
    Absolute monarchical
Question 37Single Answer
The Union Council of Ministers is collectively responsible to the:
  1. A
    Lok Sabha
  2. B
    Supreme Court
  3. C
    Rajya Sabha
  4. D
    Election Commission
Question 38Single Answer
Collective responsibility implies that ministers:
  1. A
    Function completely independently of Cabinet decisions
  2. B
    Cannot resign individually
  3. C
    Are responsible only to courts
  4. D
    Stand or fall together politically as a Council
Question 39Single Answer
The principle of individual ministerial responsibility means, among other things, that:
  1. A
    Ministers remain outside executive authority
  2. B
    Ministers are elected directly by judges
  3. C
    Parliament cannot question ministers
  4. D
    Ministers are accountable for their departments
Question 40Single Answer
Which parliamentary device enables members to obtain information from ministers?
  1. A
    Ordinance
  2. B
    Judicial review
  3. C
    Writ jurisdiction
  4. D
    Question Hour
Question 41Single Answer
Legislative control over the executive is most directly based on the principle of:
  1. A
    Hereditary government
  2. B
    Judicial supremacy over Parliament
  3. C
    Bureaucratic independence from elected institutions
  4. D
    Executive accountability to Parliament
Question 42Single Answer
A no-confidence motion tests whether the government continues to enjoy the confidence of the:
  1. A
    Supreme Court
  2. B
    Lok Sabha
  3. C
    Election Commission
  4. D
    Comptroller and Auditor General
Question 43Single Answer
An adjournment motion is traditionally associated with discussion of:
  1. A
    Constitutional amendment only
  2. B
    A definite matter of urgent public importance
  3. C
    Judicial appointments only
  4. D
    Private commercial disputes
Question 44Single Answer
Parliamentary questions are an instrument of:
  1. A
    Executive accountability
  2. B
    Judicial appointment
  3. C
    Administrative immunity
  4. D
    Federal secession
Question 45Single Answer
Parliamentary debates contribute to accountability by:
  1. A
    Abolishing opposition participation
  2. B
    Preventing discussion of public policy
  3. C
    Removing legislative oversight
  4. D
    Subjecting government policies to public scrutiny
Question 46Single Answer
The term 'budget' in the Constitution is formally associated with the:
  1. A
    Annual Judicial Statement
  2. B
    Annual Financial Statement
  3. C
    Public Service Statement
  4. D
    National Audit Charter
Question 47Single Answer
The Annual Financial Statement of the Union is dealt with under Article:
  1. A
    32
  2. B
    280
  3. C
    112
  4. D
    324
Question 48Single Answer
Demands for Grants are voted by the:
  1. A
    Rajya Sabha only
  2. B
    Lok Sabha
  3. C
    Supreme Court
  4. D
    Finance Commission
Question 49Single Answer
Which House has the primary power to vote on Demands for Grants?
  1. A
    Rajya Sabha
  2. B
    Lok Sabha
  3. C
    Both Houses separately with equal power
  4. D
    Neither House
Question 50Single Answer
An Appropriation Act authorizes:
  1. A
    Appointment of judges
  2. B
    Withdrawal of money from the Consolidated Fund for approved expenditure
  3. C
    Creation of political parties
  4. D
    Delimitation of constituencies
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