What fraction of India's total area is covered by Rajasthan?
A
Around 5%
B
Around 15%
C
Around 10%
D
Around 20%
Question 2Single Answer
Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?
A
Rajasthan's total geographical area is around 3.42 Lakh Sq. Km.
B
Total Populations of Rajasthan is around 10 crore.
C
Out of total population of Rajasthan, 24.9% people live in urban regions.
D
All of the above
Question 3Single Answer
Which district has highest population in Rajasthan?
A
Jaipur
B
Jaisalmer
C
Udaipur
D
Ajmer
Question 4Single Answer
What fraction of Rajasthan's total area is covered by Thar Desert?
A
Around 30%
B
Around 40%
C
Around 60%
D
Around 70%
Question 5Single Answer
The temple city of Osean in Rajasthan was established by which of the following Rajputs?
A
Gurjar Pratiharas
B
Chauhans
C
Solankis
D
Sisodias
Question 6Single Answer
The Jhamarkotra mines of Rajasthan are best known for which among the following minerals?
A
Mica
B
Zinc
C
Rock Phosphate
D
Lime Stone
Question 7Single Answer
What is the population of Scheduled Caste in Rajasthan?
A
20.3%
B
21%
C
17.8%
D
21.6%
Question 8Single Answer
According to census 2011, what is the literacy rate in Rajasthan?
A
60%
B
78%
C
66%
D
55%
Question 9Single Answer
How many people are working in Rajasthan (in percentage)?
A
56%
B
23%
C
43.6%
D
52.4%
Question 10Single Answer
The word 'Rajputana' for Rajasthan was first used by:
A
James Todd
B
George Thomas
C
Geogra Greeson
D
Kushal Labh
Question 11Single Answer
How many districts are there in Rajasthan in 2021?
A
21
B
16
C
30
D
33
Question 12Single Answer
Rajasthan shares the longest border with which state?
A
Gujarat
B
Madhya Pradesh
C
Uttar Pradesh
D
Haryana
Question 13Single Answer
Which district of the Rajasthan does not touch the international border?
A
Ganganagar
B
Bikaner
C
Barmer
D
Jodhpur
Question 14Single Answer
Which of the following districts of Rajasthan has shortest international boundary?
A
Jaisalmer
B
Bikaner
C
Barmer
D
Ganganagar
Question 15Single Answer
With how many states Rajasthan shares its border?
A
7
B
5
C
6
D
3
Question 16Single Answer
What is the Official Language of Rajasthan?
A
Hindi
B
Rajasthani
C
English
D
Marwari
Question 17Single Answer
On which day Rajasthan Diwas is observed every year?
A
April 30th
B
February 28th
C
March 30th
D
April 28th
Question 18Single Answer
Which of the following is the state animal of Rajasthan?
A
Chinkara
B
Tiger
C
Sloth bear
D
Stork Crane
Question 19Single Answer
Which desert is located in Rajasthan?
A
Gobi Desert
B
Thar Desert
C
Sahara Desert
D
Kalahari Desert
Question 20Single Answer
What is the state tree of Rajasthan?
A
Rhododendron
B
Palmyra palm
C
Deodar
D
Khejri
Question 21Single Answer
Which of the national parks is not situated in Rajasthan?
A
Panna national park
B
Ranthabore national park
C
Bandipur national park
D
Sariska national park
Question 22Single Answer
Which of the following is the largest freshwater lake in Rajasthan?
A
Dal Lake
B
Fateh Sagar Lake
C
Pushkar Lake
D
Jaisamand Lake
Question 23Single Answer
Which city is known as the Salt city of Rajasthan?
A
Bhilwara
B
Alwar
C
Sambhar
D
Kishangarh
Question 24Single Answer
The Taj Mahal of Rajasthan Jaswant-Thada is situated in which district?
A
Bikaner
B
Udaipur
C
Ajmer
D
Jodhpur
Question 25Single Answer
Who is known as the 'Iron man of Rajasthan'?
A
Govind Giri
B
Haribhau Upadhayay
C
Damodar Lal Vyas
D
Motilala tejawat
Question 26Single Answer
Which city of Rajasthan is known as City of Mountains?
A
Jhalawar
B
Durlabh
C
Sonargarh
D
Dungarpur
Question 27Single Answer
Literacy rate in Rajasthan is_____
A
66.1
B
60.1
C
55.1
D
62.1
Question 28Single Answer
Population density in Rajasthan is______
A
230
B
200
C
250
D
225
Question 29Single Answer
Rajasthan does not share its state border with_____
A
Punjab
B
Haryana
C
Gujarat
D
Goa
Question 30Single Answer
Rajasthan has border length with Punjab____km.
A
80
B
81
C
89
D
85
Question 31Single Answer
Which of the following best describes the nature of the Indian Constitution ?
A
Rigid
B
Flexible
C
Semi-rigid
D
Static
Question 32Single Answer
The Indian Constitution is largely based on the model of which country's constitution ?
A
United States
B
United Kingdom
C
Canada
D
Australia
Question 33Single Answer
Which part of the Indian Constitution deals with the distribution of powers between the Union and the States ?
A
Preamble
B
Fundamental Rights
C
Union List
D
Federal Structure
Question 34Single Answer
What does the Preamble of the Indian Constitution declare India as ?
A
A Socialist Republic
B
A Sovereign Socialist Secular Democratic Republic
C
A Secular State
D
A Federal Republic
Question 35Single Answer
The words "Socialist" and "Secular" were added to the Preamble by which Constitutional Amendment ?
A
42nd Amendment
B
44th Amendment
C
52nd Amendment
D
73rd Amendment
Question 36Single Answer
What does the Preamble to the Indian Constitution declare India as?
A
A Sovereign, Socialist, Secular, Democratic Republic
B
A Union of States
C
A Welfare State
D
A Communist State
Question 37Single Answer
How many fundamental rights are enshrined in the Indian Constitution?
A
6
B
7
C
8
D
5
Question 38Single Answer
Which Article of the Indian Constitution provides the right to equality?
A
Article 14
B
Article 19
C
Article 21
D
Article 32
Question 39Single Answer
Which schedule of the Indian Constitution deals with the allocation of seats in the Rajya Sabha?
A
Fourth Schedule
B
Second Schedule
C
Sixth Schedule
D
Eighth Schedule
Question 40Single Answer
Who appoints the Chief Justice of India?
A
Prime Minister
B
President
C
Parliament
D
Attorney General
Plant Pathology
Question 41Single Answer
Who is known as the "Father of Plant Pathology"?
A
Anton de Bary
B
E. J. Butler
C
H. Marshall Ward
D
Robert Koch
Question 42Single Answer
Which scientist first demonstrated that fungi cause plant diseases?
A
Theodor Hartig
B
Anton de Bary
C
E. J. Butler
D
Louis Pasteur
Question 43Single Answer
Who proposed the concept of "Physiologic Races" in plant pathogens?
A
H. H. Flor
B
E. J. Butler
C
Anton de Bary
D
H. Marshall Ward
Question 44Single Answer
Which Indian scientist made significant contributions to fungal taxonomy and plant pathology?
A
K. C. Mehta
B
E. J. Butler
C
B. B. Mundkur
D
S. D. Garrett
Question 45Single Answer
Who discovered the role of bacteria in causing fire blight of pear?
A
T. J. Burrill
B
H. H. Flor
C
E. F. Smith
D
K. C. Mehta
Question 46Single Answer
Which disease led to the Irish Potato Famine in the 1840s?
A
Late blight of potato
B
Rust of wheat
C
Downy mildew of grapes
D
Bacterial wilt
Question 47Single Answer
What is the causal organism of the Irish Potato Famine?
A
Phytophthora infestans
B
Puccinia graminis
C
Alternaria solani
D
Xanthomonas campestris
Question 48Single Answer
Which plant disease caused severe losses in Bengal in 1943, leading to famine?
A
Brown spot of rice
B
Black rust of wheat
C
Late blight of potato
D
Coffee rust
Question 49Single Answer
Which pathogen caused the Bengal Famine of 1943?
A
Magnaporthe oryzae
B
Helminthosporium oryzae
C
Xanthomonas oryzae
D
Puccinia striiformis
Question 50Single Answer
Which disease nearly wiped out coffee plantations in Sri Lanka in the 19th century?
A
Leaf rust of coffee
B
Downy mildew of grape
C
Ergot of rye
D
Smut of sugarcane
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Plant Pathology
Question 51Single Answer
Who introduced the concept of "Disease Triangle" in plant pathology?
A
G. M. Huber
B
J. C. Walker
C
E. J. Butler
D
R. W. Schneiter
Question 52Single Answer
Which scientist formulated Koch’s Postulates?
A
Anton de Bary
B
Robert Koch
C
E. F. Smith
D
H. H. Whetzel
Question 53Single Answer
Who is credited with developing the Bordeaux mixture as the first fungicide?
A
H. Marshall Ward
B
Pierre-Marie-Alexis Millardet
C
Anton de Bary
D
T. J. Burrill
Question 54Single Answer
What is the main component of Bordeaux mixture?
A
Copper sulfate and lime
B
Sulfur and lime
C
Zinc sulfate and lime
D
Magnesium sulfate and sulfur
Question 55Single Answer
Who first discovered biological control of plant diseases?
A
E. J. Butler
B
Louis Pasteur
C
Paul Vuillemin
D
Robert Koch
Question 56Single Answer
Which is the first systemic fungicide introduced for plant disease control?
A
Carbendazim
B
Captan
C
Benomyl
D
Sulfur
Question 57Single Answer
Which Act regulates the quarantine of plant material in India?
A
Plant Quarantine Act (1914)
B
Insecticide Act (1968)
C
Seed Act (1966)
D
Protection of Plant Varieties Act (2001)
Question 58Single Answer
Which method is not a cultural practice for disease management?
A
Crop rotation
B
Field sanitation
C
Solarization
D
Chemical fumigation
Question 59Single Answer
Which technique involves exposing soil to the sun to kill pathogens?
A
Solarization
B
Crop rotation
C
Mulching
D
Soil fumigation
Question 60Single Answer
What is the primary purpose of a quarantine regulation in plant pathology?
A
Improve soil fertility
B
Control pest resistance
C
Prevent the introduction of exotic pathogens
D
Increase crop yield
Question 61Single Answer
Which classification system categorizes plant diseases based on symptoms?
A
Morphological classification
B
Symptomatological classification
C
Pathogenetic classification
D
Epidemiological classification
Question 62Single Answer
Which classification system groups plant diseases based on causal agents?
A
Etiological classification
B
Symptomatological classification
C
Economic classification
D
Morphological classification
Question 63Single Answer
Which of the following is a biotrophic pathogen?
A
Fusarium oxysporum
B
Xanthomonas campestris
C
Puccinia graminis
D
Botrytis cinerea
Question 64Single Answer
Which type of pathogen can complete its lifecycle on dead organic matter?
A
Biotrophic
B
Necrotrophic
C
Hemibiotrophic
D
None of the above
Question 65Single Answer
Which classification method considers the economic importance of plant diseases?
A
Symptomatological classification
B
Morphological classification
C
Economic classification
D
Pathogenetic classification
Question 66Single Answer
Who first described the life cycle of wheat rust (Puccinia graminis)?
A
Anton de Bary
B
H. H. Flor
C
E. J. Butler
D
K. C. Mehta
Question 67Single Answer
Who discovered the concept of gene-for-gene interaction in plant pathology?
A
H. H. Flor
B
E. F. Smith
C
K. C. Mehta
D
J. C. Walker
Question 68Single Answer
Which scientist is known as the "Father of Indian Plant Pathology"?
A
B. B. Mundkur
B
K. C. Mehta
C
E. J. Butler
D
M. J. Thirumalachar
Question 69Single Answer
Which scientist first discovered Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV)?
A
Martinus Beijerinck
B
Dmitri Ivanovsky
C
Robert Koch
D
H. H. Flor
Question 70Single Answer
Who demonstrated that viruses could pass through bacterial filters?
A
Martinus Beijerinck
B
Dmitri Ivanovsky
C
Louis Pasteur
D
Pierre-Marie-Alexis Millardet
Question 71Single Answer
Which disease is responsible for the Southern Corn Leaf Blight epidemic in the USA (1970)?
A
Bipolaris maydis
B
Phytophthora infestans
C
Puccinia graminis
D
Magnaporthe oryzae
Question 72Single Answer
Which pathogen caused the great Bengal famine in 1943?
A
Helminthosporium oryzae
B
Xanthomonas oryzae
C
Magnaporthe oryzae
D
Ustilago maydis
Question 73Single Answer
The Panama disease epidemic devastated which major crop?
A
Wheat
B
Banana
C
Sugarcane
D
Cotton
Question 74Single Answer
What is the causal organism of Panama disease?
A
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense
B
Xanthomonas campestris
C
Ustilago scitaminea
D
Phytophthora infestans
Question 75Single Answer
Coffee rust disease, which severely affected coffee production in Sri Lanka, is caused by:
A
Hemileia vastatrix
B
Puccinia graminis
C
Xanthomonas axonopodis
D
Ralstonia solanacearum
Question 76Single Answer
Which fungicide was the first to be used as a seed treatment?
A
Copper sulfate
B
Sulfur
C
Mercury-based compounds
D
Bordeaux mixture
Question 77Single Answer
Which scientist first suggested using resistant varieties to control plant diseases?
A
E. J. Butler
B
H. H. Flor
C
E. F. Smith
D
N. I. Vavilov
Question 78Single Answer
Who first used heat treatment for disease control in plants?
A
Louis Pasteur
B
R. W. Schneiter
C
M. J. Thirumalachar
D
Anton de Bary
Question 79Single Answer
Which act regulates pesticide usage in India?
A
Seed Act, 1966
B
Insecticides Act, 1968
C
Plant Quarantine Act, 1914
D
Protection of Plant Varieties Act, 2001
Question 80Single Answer
Which modern technique is widely used to diagnose plant diseases at an early stage?
A
ELISA
B
PCR
C
DNA barcoding
D
All of the above
Question 81Single Answer
Which classification groups plant diseases based on their mode of transmission?
A
Etiological classification
B
Symptomatological classification
C
Epidemiological classification
D
Economic classification
Question 82Single Answer
Which pathogen classification is based on the method of pathogenesis?
A
Biotrophic and necrotrophic
B
Soilborne and airborne
C
Fungal and bacterial
D
Systemic and localized
Question 83Single Answer
Which type of plant disease is caused by nutritional imbalances?
A
Parasitic
B
Non-parasitic
C
Systemic
D
Localized
Question 84Single Answer
Which classification of plant diseases is based on plant part affected?
A
Morphological classification
B
Symptomatological classification
C
Pathogenetic classification
D
Economic classification
Question 85Single Answer
The term “damping-off” refers to:
A
Wilting of seedlings due to Fusarium
B
Seedling death due to fungal infection
C
Sudden drying of leaves
D
None of the above
Question 86Single Answer
What does IPM stand for in plant pathology?
A
Integrated Pest Management
B
International Plant Monitoring
C
Integrated Plant Management
D
Indian Plant Management
Question 87Single Answer
Which biological control agent is effective against soil-borne fungal pathogens?
A
Bacillus thuringiensis
B
Trichoderma spp.
C
Xanthomonas campestris
D
Pseudomonas fluorescens
Question 88Single Answer
Which act governs plant quarantine measures in India?
A
Plant Protection Act, 1980
B
The Destructive Insects and Pests Act, 1914
C
Pesticide Regulation Act, 1968
D
FSSAI Act, 2006
Question 89Single Answer
Which technology is used in the detection of viral plant pathogens?
A
PCR
B
ELISA
C
DNA fingerprinting
D
All of the above
Question 90Single Answer
What is the primary function of a quarantine regulation in plant pathology?
A
Improve crop yield
B
Prevent the spread of exotic plant diseases
C
Reduce soil erosion
D
Increase disease resistance
Question 91Single Answer
What is physiologic specialization in plant pathogens?
A
The ability to infect a wide range of hosts.
B
The adaptation of a pathogen to specific host varieties.
C
The production of toxins by a pathogen.
D
The development of antibiotic resistance.
Question 92Single Answer
Physiologic races are identified based on their:
A
Morphology.
B
Host range and virulence.
C
Growth rate.
D
Color.
Question 93Single Answer
Which factor contributes to the development of new physiologic races?
A
Host resistance genes.
B
Pathogen mutation and recombination.
C
Environmental conditions.
D
All of the above.
Question 94Single Answer
The concept of differential hosts is used to:
A
Increase host resistance.
B
Identify physiologic races.
C
Control pathogen growth.
D
Enhance pathogen virulence.
Question 95Single Answer
What is the significance of physiologic specialization in plant disease management?
A
It helps in developing race-specific resistant varieties.
B
It reduces the need for fungicides.
C
It increases pathogen virulence.
D
It eliminates the need for crop rotation.
Question 96Single Answer
What is a Virulence gene?
A
a gene that increases a hosts resistance.
B
a gene that increases a pathogens ability to infect.
C
a gene that decreases a pathogens ability to infect.
D
a gene that increases a hosts growth.
Question 97Single Answer
What is an Avirulence gene?
A
a gene that decreases a hosts resistance.
B
a gene that triggers a resistance response in the host.
C
a gene that increases a pathogens virulence.
D
a gene that has no effect on host pathogen interactions.
Question 98Single Answer
What is the gene for gene hypothesis?
A
That pathogens have more genes than hosts.
B
That for every virulence gene in a pathogen, there is a corresponding resistance gene in the host.
C
That hosts and pathogens have the same genes.
D
That genes have no effect on disease.
Question 99Single Answer
What is vertical resistance?
A
resistance to many races of a pathogen.
B
resistance to one or a few races of a pathogen.
C
resistance to all pathogens.
D
resistance to only bacteria.
Question 100Single Answer
What is horizontal resistance?
A
resistance to one race of a pathogen.
B
resistance to all races of a pathogen.
C
resistance to all pathogens.
D
resistance to only fungi.
Question 101Single Answer
What is the primary purpose of Koch's postulates?
A
To identify plant disease symptoms.
B
To prove a specific pathogen causes a specific disease.
C
To develop new fungicides.
D
To study pathogen nutrition.
Question 102Single Answer
Which step of Koch's postulates involves isolating the pathogen from diseased tissue?
A
Inoculation.
B
Isolation.
C
Reproduction of symptoms.
D
Re-isolation.
Question 103Single Answer
What is the significance of re-isolating the pathogen in Koch's postulates?
A
To confirm the initial isolation.
B
To study pathogen morphology.
C
To test fungicide efficacy.
D
To enhance pathogen virulence.
Question 104Single Answer
Which situation makes it difficult to apply Koch's postulates?
A
When the pathogen is easily cultured.
B
When the pathogen is an obligate parasite.
C
When the host is highly susceptible.
D
When the symptoms are easily visible.
Question 105Single Answer
What is the first step in Koch’s postulates?
A
Isolate the pathogen.
B
Inoculate a healthy host.
C
Find the pathogen associated with the disease.
D
Re-isolate the pathogen.
Question 106Single Answer
What is the final step in Koch’s postulates?
A
Isolate the pathogen.
B
Inoculate a healthy host.
C
Find the pathogen associated with the disease.
D
Re-isolate the pathogen.
Question 107Single Answer
Koch's postulates are not applicable to which type of pathogen?
A
Fungi
B
Bacteria
C
Viruses
D
Nematodes
Question 108Single Answer
What is the purpose of inoculating a healthy host in Koch’s postulates?
A
To make the host diseased.
B
To confirm the pathogen causes the symptoms.
C
To isolate the pathogen.
D
to study the hosts resistance.
Question 109Single Answer
What is the meaning of obligate parasite?
A
A parasite that can live on dead or living material.
B
A parasite that can only live on living material.
C
A parasite that can only live on dead material.
D
A parasite that lives on water.
Question 110Single Answer
What is the meaning of a saprophyte?
A
An organism that lives on living material.
B
An organism that lives on dead material.
C
An organism that lives on water.
D
An organism that lives on air.
Question 111Single Answer
Which factor significantly influences pathogen growth and reproduction?
A
Temperature.
B
Moisture.
C
Nutrient availability.
D
All of the above.
Question 112Single Answer
What is the primary mode of reproduction for many fungal pathogens?
A
Binary fission.
B
Spore production.
C
Budding.
D
Conjugation.
Question 113Single Answer
What is the significance of appressoria in fungal pathogenesis?
A
Spore dispersal.
B
Host penetration.
C
Nutrient absorption.
D
Toxin production.
Question 114Single Answer
How do bacterial pathogens reproduce?
A
Spore formation.
B
Binary fission.
C
Budding.
D
Conjugation.
Question 115Single Answer
What is the role of haustoria in fungal pathogens?
A
Nutrient absorption.
B
Spore dispersal.
C
Toxin production.
D
Host penetration.
Question 116Single Answer
What is the role of plasmids in bacterial pathogens?
A
Spore formation.
B
Antibiotic resistance.
C
Nutrient absorption.
D
Host penetration.
Question 117Single Answer
What is the function of a sclerotia?
A
Spore dispersal.
B
Survival structure.
C
Nutrient absorption.
D
Host penetration.
Question 118Single Answer
What is the role of a zoospores flagella?
A
Nutrient absorption.
B
Spore dispersal.
C
Motility.
D
Host penetration.
Question 119Single Answer
What is the difference between sexual and asexual reproduction?
