Which protein forms the basic subunits of microtubules?
A
Actin
B
Keratin
C
Tubulin
D
Myosin
Question 32Single Answer
Conventional kinesin-1 generally transports cargo along microtubules toward which end?
A
Minus end
B
Plus end
C
Both ends equally
D
Neither end
Question 33Single Answer
Dynein moves towards?
A
Minus end
B
Plus end
C
Both
D
None
Question 34Single Answer
Intermediate filaments are made of?
A
Myosin
B
Actin
C
Tubulin
D
Keratin, vimentin
Question 35Single Answer
Cell cycle has?
A
G0 only
B
G1, S, G2, M
C
S only
D
M only
Question 36Single Answer
G0 phase is?
A
Synthesis
B
Quiescent
C
Growth
D
Division
Question 37Single Answer
S phase is for?
A
Mitosis
B
Protein synthesis
C
DNA replication
D
Cytokinesis
Question 38Single Answer
What is the usual effect of mitosis on chromosome ploidy in daughter cells?
A
It generally preserves the ploidy of the parent cell
B
It always converts diploid cells into haploid cells
C
It always produces four haploid cells
D
It doubles the ploidy permanently
Question 39Single Answer
Meiosis produces?
A
1 haploid
B
2 diploid
C
4 haploid cells
D
4 diploid
Question 40Single Answer
Prophase I of meiosis has?
A
Crossing over
B
No pairing
C
No chiasma
D
Cytokinesis
Question 41Single Answer
During which substage of meiotic prophase I does synapsis of homologous chromosomes and formation of the synaptonemal complex begin?
A
Leptotene
B
Zygotene
C
Diplotene
D
Diakinesis
Question 42Single Answer
Chiasmata are visible in?
A
Zygotene
B
Diplotene
C
Leptotene
D
Metaphase
Question 43Single Answer
During which stage of mitosis does the mitotic spindle begin to form?
A
Prophase
B
Metaphase
C
Anaphase
D
Telophase
Question 44Single Answer
Centromere divides in?
A
Prophase
B
Metaphase
C
Anaphase
D
Telophase
Question 45Single Answer
Cytokinesis in animal cells is by?
A
Middle lamella
B
Cell plate
C
Phragmoplast
D
Cleavage furrow
Question 46Single Answer
Cell plate is in?
A
Bacteria
B
Animal
C
Fungi
D
Plant cells
Question 47Single Answer
Cyclins regulate?
A
Translation
B
DNA replication
C
Transcription
D
Cell cycle
Question 48Single Answer
CDK is?
A
Calcium kinase
B
Cyclin dependent kinase
C
cAMP kinase
D
Creatine kinase
Question 49Single Answer
Maturation-promoting factor, also called M-phase-promoting factor, principally consists of which combination?
A
Cyclin B and CDK1
B
Cyclin D and CDK4
C
Cyclin E and CDK2
D
Cyclin A and CDK6
Question 50Single Answer
Apoptosis is?
A
Meiosis
B
Necrosis
C
Mitosis
D
Programmed cell death
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Subject Concerned (Zoology)
Question 51Single Answer
Caspases are in?
A
Apoptosis
B
Necrosis
C
Mitosis
D
Endocytosis
Question 52Single Answer
Telophase has?
A
Centromere division
B
Chromosome condensation
C
Spindle formation
D
Nuclear envelope reformation
Question 53Single Answer
Which tumor-suppressor proteins play major roles in controlling progression through the G1/S checkpoint?
A
p53 and Rb
B
Tubulin and actin
C
Caspase and dynein
D
Histone and keratin
Question 54Single Answer
Spindle checkpoint is in?
A
Prophase
B
Anaphase
C
Metaphase
D
Telophase
Question 55Single Answer
Amitosis is?
A
Binary fission
B
Mitosis
C
Meiosis
D
Direct division
Question 56Single Answer
Endomitosis leads to?
A
Haploidy
B
Polyploidy
C
Diploidy
D
Aneuploidy
Question 57Single Answer
Colchicine arrests cell in?
A
Metaphase
B
Anaphase
C
Prophase
D
Telophase
Question 58Single Answer
Phragmoplast is in?
A
Bacteria
B
Animal
C
Fungi
D
Plant cytokinesis
Question 59Single Answer
Kinetochore is on?
A
Centromere
B
Telomere
C
Chromatin
D
Nucleolus
Question 60Single Answer
Aster is formed by?
A
Actin
B
Microtubules
C
Intermediate
D
Keratin
Question 61Single Answer
Chromosome number is reduced in?
A
Amitosis
B
Meiosis II
C
Mitosis
D
Meiosis I
Question 62Single Answer
During which meiotic substage does synapsis of homologous chromosomes begin?
A
Leptotene
B
Zygotene
C
Pachytene
D
Diplotene
Question 63Single Answer
Bivalents are in?
A
Prophase I
B
Prophase mitosis
C
Metaphase II
D
Anaphase I
Question 64Single Answer
Crossing over that generates recombinant chromatids occurs primarily during which substage of meiotic prophase I?
A
Leptotene
B
Zygotene
C
Pachytene
D
Diplotene
Question 65Single Answer
Equatorial plate is in?
A
Telophase
B
Prophase
C
Anaphase
D
Metaphase
Question 66Single Answer
Lampbrush chromosomes are in?
A
Bacteria
B
Somatic cells
C
Sperm
D
Oocytes
Question 67Single Answer
Polytene chromosomes are in?
A
Drosophila salivary gland
B
Human
C
Plant
D
Bacteria
Question 68Single Answer
Puffs in polytene are?
A
Active transcription sites
B
Inactive
C
Replication
D
Repair
Question 69Single Answer
Balbiani rings are?
A
Centromere
B
Large puffs
C
Telomere
D
Kinetochore
Question 70Single Answer
Fluid mosaic model was proposed by?
A
Gorter
B
Robertson
C
Danielli
D
Singer and Nicolson
Question 71Single Answer
Lipid bilayer is made of?
A
DNA
B
Proteins
C
Carbohydrates
D
Phospholipids
Question 72Single Answer
Phospholipids have?
A
Both hydrophobic
B
Both hydrophilic
C
Hydrophilic head, hydrophobic tail
D
No tail
Question 73Single Answer
What is the principal effect of cholesterol on membrane fluidity in animal cells?
A
It buffers membrane fluidity against temperature changes
B
It always increases membrane fluidity
C
It always decreases membrane fluidity
D
It completely immobilizes phospholipids
Question 74Single Answer
Membrane proteins are?
A
None
B
Only integral
C
Only peripheral
D
Integral and peripheral
Question 75Single Answer
Glycophorin is?
A
Transmembrane protein
B
Lipid
C
Carbohydrate
D
Enzyme
Question 76Single Answer
Diffusion is?
A
Active
B
Passive
C
Requires carrier
D
Against gradient
Question 77Single Answer
Facilitated diffusion uses?
A
Pumps
B
No protein
C
Energy
D
Carrier proteins
Question 78Single Answer
Osmosis is diffusion of?
A
Solutes
B
Water
C
Ions
D
Gases
Question 79Single Answer
What happens to a typical animal cell when placed in a sufficiently hypertonic solution?
A
It undergoes crenation
B
It becomes turgid
C
It undergoes plasmolysis
D
It lyses because of water influx
Question 80Single Answer
Ion channels are?
A
No ions
B
Non-selective
C
Always open
D
Selective
Question 81Single Answer
Voltage-gated channels open with?
A
Ligand
B
Membrane potential change
C
Stretch
D
Temperature
Question 82Single Answer
Ligand-gated channels open with?
A
Light
B
Voltage
C
Pressure
D
Chemical binding
Question 83Single Answer
Which statement best describes primary active transport?
A
It directly uses metabolic energy to move substances against an electrochemical gradient
B
It always moves substances down their concentration gradient
C
It occurs without membrane proteins
D
It is identical to osmosis
Question 84Single Answer
Na+-K+ pump maintains?
A
Ion gradient
B
Water balance
C
pH
D
Temperature
Question 85Single Answer
Na+-K+ pump ratio is?
A
1:1
B
2 Na+ out, 3 K+ in
C
3 Na+ out, 2 K+ in
D
4:4
Question 86Single Answer
Secondary active transport uses?
A
ATP directly
B
Ion gradient
C
Diffusion
D
Osmosis
Question 87Single Answer
Which transporter mediates sodium-dependent glucose uptake across the apical membrane of intestinal epithelial cells?
A
SGLT1
B
GLUT2
C
Na+/K+-ATPase
D
CFTR
Question 88Single Answer
Endocytosis is?
A
Osmosis
B
Out of cell
C
Diffusion
D
Into cell
Question 89Single Answer
Phagocytosis is?
A
Secretion
B
Cell drinking
C
Cell eating
D
Diffusion
Question 90Single Answer
Pinocytosis is?
A
Cell drinking
B
Eating
C
Secretion
D
Active transport
Question 91Single Answer
Which coat protein classically mediates receptor-mediated endocytosis of LDL receptors from the plasma membrane?
A
Clathrin
B
Tubulin
C
Keratin
D
Dynein
Question 92Single Answer
Exocytosis releases?
A
Mitochondria
B
Lysosomes
C
Secretory vesicles
D
Ribosomes
Question 93Single Answer
SNARE proteins are in?
A
Diffusion
B
Vesicle fusion
C
Ion channels
D
Pumps
Question 94Single Answer
Resting membrane potential is?
A
-30 mV
B
+70 mV
C
0 mV
D
-70 mV
Question 95Single Answer
Nernst equation calculates?
A
Threshold
B
Action potential
C
Resting
D
Equilibrium potential
Question 96Single Answer
Goldman equation for?
A
Action
B
Resting potential
C
Equilibrium
D
Threshold
Question 97Single Answer
During the typical neuronal action potential, which ion movement is primarily responsible for the rapid depolarizing phase?