Question for SSB Odisha Lecturer-Philosophy 2026 - Quiz / Questions / MCQ

Objective Questions

Latest SSB Odisha Lecturer Philosophy Exam Question (Objective Questions), MCQ in English

Subjects : Philosophy

Question Bank SSB Odisha Lecturer Philosophy Exam - English

Philosophy

Question 1Single Answer

Consider the following statements in the light of philosophy of St. Thomas Aquinas and mark the correct code :
(a) Philosophy passes from facts to God and theology from God to facts.
(b) He made a distinction between reason and faith and argued that matters of faith such as revealed truths are beyond reason, but not contrary to reason.
(c) Faith is a matter of will and the will commands acceptance.
Codes:

A
Only (a) is true.
B
Only (b) is true.
C
Only (a) and (c) are true.
D
(a), (b) and (c) are true

Question 2Single Answer

Match List-I with List-II and choose the correct answer with the help of code given below:
List-I List-II
(a) Protagoras (i) Whatever is ‘is’, we cannot know ‘is not’
(b) Gorgias (ii) Man is the measure of all things
(c) Thrasymachus (iii) Nothing exists, even if it exists it cannot be known
(d) Parmenides (iv) Justice is the interest of the strong
Codes:

A
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(iv) (iii) (ii) (i)
B
(ii) (iii) (iv) (i)
C
(ii) (iv) (iii) (i)
D
(iii) (i) (ii) (iv)

Question 3Single Answer

Which one of the following philosophers of Medieval period stated : “Understand in order that you may believe, believe in order that you may understand. Some-things we do not believe unless we understand them; others we do not understand unless we believe”.

A
St. Anselm
B
St. Aquinas
C
St. Augustine
D
William Occam

Question 4Single Answer

Consider the following statements in the light of Pythagoras and mark the correct code:
(a) Pythagoreans believed in the idea of eternal recurrence.
(b) Pythagoreans held that the soul was immortal and it undergoes a sequence of re-birth.
(c) Pythagoreans rejected the view that the process of world is endless and unchanging.
Codes:

A
Only (a) is true. B. Only (b) is true.
B
Only (a) and (c) are true.D. (a), (b) and (c) are true.
C
Only (a) and (c) are true.D. (a), (b) and (c) are true.
D
Only (a) and (c) are true.D. (a), (b) and (c) are true.

Question 5Single Answer

Choose the correct order from lowest to the highest with reference to Plato’s theory of knowledge.

A
Knowledge derived from senses, conjectural knowledge, discursive intellect, rational insight.
B
Conjectural knowledge,knowledge derived from senses,discursive intellect, rational insight.
C
Knowledge derived from senses, conjectural knowledge,rational insight, discursive intellect.
D
Discursive intellect, conjectural knowledge,knowledge derived from senses,rational insight.

Question 6Single Answer

Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R). Considering (A) and (R) in the light of Aristotelian Theory of Categories mark the correct code.
Assertion (A) : Substance is pre-eminent among categories.
Reason (R) : Substance is that which is predicable of a subject
and present in a subject.
Codes:

A
Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
B
Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
C
(A) is true but (R) is false.
D
(A) is false but (R) is true.

Question 7Single Answer

The Doctrine of ‘innate ideas’ is acceptable to:

A
Descartes and Spinoza
B
Descartes and Berkeley
C
Descartes and Hume
D
Locke and Fitche

Question 8Single Answer

‘Ontological Argument’ in favour of the existence of God was popularized by:

A
Descartes
B
Descartes and St. Anselm
C
Hume
D
Berkeley

Question 9Single Answer

Which one of the following correctly depicts Locke’s conception of ‘Idea’ ?

A
Whatsoever the mind indirectly apprehends; which is the immediate object of perception, thought or understanding.
B
Whatsoever the mind directly apprehends; which is the immediate object of perception, thought or understanding.
C
Whatsoever the mind indirectly apprehends; which is the mediate object of perception, thought or understanding.
D
Whatsoever the mind directly apprehends; which is the mediate object of perception, thought or understanding.

Question 10Single Answer

Which one of the following modern philosophers conceptualized- “philosophy as a whole is like a tree whose roots are metaphysics, whose trunk is physics and whose branches, which issue from this trunk, are all the other sciences” ?

A
Spinoza
B
Berkeley
C
Descartes
D
Leibnitz

Question 11Single Answer

Considering the following statements in the light of Spinozas’ theory of knowledge and mark the correct code.
(a) Obscure and inadequate ideas have their source in sensation and the imagination.
(b) Reason comprehends the Universal essences of things and understands these in their relation to God.
(c) Intuitive knowledge advances from an adequate idea of the objectives essence of certain attributes of God to the adequate essence of things.
Codes:

A
Only (a) and (c) are true.
B
Only (b) and (c) are true.
C
Only (c) is true.
D
(a), (b) and (c) are true.

Question 12Single Answer

Which one of the following statements is true with reference to the doctrine of Force of Leibnitz ?

A
Force persists when motion ceases, as it is the ground of motion.
B
Extension is the essential attribute of body.
C
There is no substance that is an expression of force.
D
What is active is Unreal.

Question 13Single Answer

Which one of the following statements is true with reference to Berkeley ?

A
Berkeley makes use of the basal empiricism of Locke to establish idealism and thereby endorses materialism and atheism.
B
Berkeley makes use of the basal empiricism of Locke to establish idealism and thereby refutes materialism and atheism.
C
Mind has the capacity to frame abstract ideas.
D
Existence of an object does not depend on being perceived or known by the mind

Question 14Single Answer

The so called relation between cause and effect according to Hume is :

A
inferred prior to experience
B
based on observation and experience
C
effect is immanent in the cause.
D
both are necessarily connected

Question 15Single Answer

Antinomy of Pure Reason is dealt with by Kant in his doctrine of :

A
Transcendental Theology
B
Transcendental Cosmology
C
Transcendental Psychology
D
All the above

Question 16Single Answer

Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R). Considering (A) and (R) select the correct code:
Assertion (A) : Kant argues that space and time are the
subjective forms of perceiving any object for all
human beings.
Reason (R) : Kant believes that since space and time are
subjective in the same way for all human beings,
they are truly objective.
Codes:

A
Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
B
Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
C
(A) is true but (R) is false.
D
(A) is false but (R) is true

Question 17Single Answer

Which one of the following groups, correctly depicts Hume’s conception of relations dependent on ideas alone ?

A
Resemblance, Contrariety, Identity, Time and Place.
B
Resemblance, Contrariety, Degrees in quality and Degrees in quantity.
C
Resemblance, Contrariety,Time and Space, Cause and effect.
D
Resemblance,Identity, Degrees in quality and Degrees in quantity.

Question 18Single Answer

Consider the following statements in the light of Bradley’s theory of Appearance and Reality and mark the correct code:
(a) We apprehend the nature of reality through its appearances, which are things of everyday life.
(b) Reality id related to appearances, and appearances are appearances of Reality.
(c) Reality is found in all appearances, but not in the same degree.
Codes:

A
Only (b) is false.
B
Only (b) and (c) are false.
C
Only (a) and (b) are false.
D
(a), (b) and (c) are true.

Question 19Single Answer

Reality, according to Leibnitz is :

A
Cannot be one but many and each is eternal and real.
B
Cannot be one but many and each is temporal and unreal.
C
Cannot be many but one and is eternal and real.
D
Cannot be many but one and is temporal and unreal.

Question 20Single Answer

Which one of the following philosophers believed that “intuition is the essential element in Induction, the process in which thought rises from sense perception to the knowledge of Universals” ?

A
Aristotle
B
Pythagoras
C
Democritus
D
Protagoras

Question 21Single Answer

Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R). Considering (A) and (R) select the correct code:
Assertion (A) : Spinoza conceives error not as defect of
knowledge.
Reason (R) : No idea is either true or false as such; what makes
an idea true is the presence of an appropriate object.
Codes:

A
Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
B
Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
C
(A) is true but (R) is false.
D
(A) is false but (R) is true.

Question 22Single Answer

Which one of the following philosophers argued that two mutually contradictory statements might be equally true, but one might be “better” than the other ?

A
Aristotle
B
Protagoras
C
Parmenides
D
Democritus

Question 23Single Answer

Which one of the following statements is false with reference to Leibnitz’s theory of knowledge ?

A
All knowledge lies implicit in the mind
B
Experience does not create knowledge
C
Universal and necessary propositions can only be derived from the senses
D
Leibnitz asserts the existence of ‘minute’ perceptions-perceptions of which the mind is unconscious

Question 24Single Answer

Who among the following has said that ‘Autonomy is the basis of the dignity of human and of every rational being ?

A
Hobbes
B
Kant
C
Stevenson
D
Bentham

Question 25Single Answer

Who among the following has given this statement ?
‘Act only on the maxim which thou canst at the same time will to become a universal law’.

A
Kant
B
Hegel
C
Hobbes
D
Mill

Question 26Single Answer

“Forms are not apart from things, but inherent in them; they are not transcendent but immanent” is the view that can be ascribed to which one of the following Greek philosophers ?

A
Socrates
B
Plato
C
Aristotle
D
Democritus

Question 27Single Answer

Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R). Considering (A)and (R) in the light of Plato’s epistemology, mark the correct code:
Assertion (A) : Conceptual knowledge is the only genuine know-
ledge.
Reason (R) : Conceptual knowledge does not presuppose the
reality of corresponding ideal or abstract objects.
Codes:

A
Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
B
Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
C
(A) is true but (R) is false.
D
(A) is false but (R) is true.

Question 28Single Answer

Consider the following statements with reference to St. Anselm and mark the correct code:
(i) He attempted to find necessary reasons for the truths of the faith.
(ii) ‘I believe in order to understand’.
(iii) By God we mean ‘that than which no greater can be thought’.
Codes:

A
Only (i) is true.
B
Only (i) and (ii) is true.
C
Only (iii) is true.
D
All (i), (ii) and (iii) are true

Question 29Single Answer

Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R). Considering (A)and (R) in the light of Thales, select the correct code:
Assertion (A) : Magnet has a soul.
Reason (R) : Magnet possesses a power to move other things.
Codes:

A
Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
B
Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
C
(A) is true but (R) is false.
D
(A) is false but (R) is true.

Question 30Single Answer

Consider the following statements in the light of Heraclitus and mark the correct code:
(i) Heraclitus held that the world had always existed and thus rejected cosmogony.
(ii) The world and its constituents are in a state of perpetual flux.
(iii) He argued that ‘The path up is the same as path down’.
Codes:

A
Only (i) is true.
B
Only (i) and (ii) are true.
C
All (i), (ii) and (iii) are true.
D
Only (i) and (iii) are true

Question 31Single Answer

Consider the following statements in the light of St. Augustine and mark the correct code:
(i) Mutability is a mark of every creature.
(ii) God is strictly immutable.
(iii) Changeable things are not fully but only “partially” real.
(iv) All creatures are absolutely real.
Codes:

A
Only (i) and (ii) are true.
B
Only (ii) and (iv) are true.
C
Only (iii) and (iv) are true.
D
Only (i), (ii) and (iii) are true.

Question 32Single Answer

Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer by using the codes given below:
     List-I                                                  List-II
(i) Locke                                (a) ‘I think therefore I am’
(ii) Descartes                        (b) God is immanent in the world
(iii) Spinoza (c) Pre-established harmony
(iv) Leibnitz                          (d) Secondary qualities are subjective
Codes:

A
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(iii) (ii) (i) (iv)
B
(ii) (iii) (iv) (i)
C
(i) (iv) (ii) (iii)
D
(iv) (i) (iii) (ii)

Question 33Single Answer

Consider given Assertion (A) and Reason (R) and then mark the correct option as given below:
Assertion (A) : According to Leibnitz there is a necessary
relation between the gushing wind and the shutting
of the door.
Reason (R) : There is pre-established harmony.
Codes:

A
(A) is true and (R) is false and (R) provides the incorrect explanation of (A).
B
Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) provides the correct explanation of (A).
C
(A) is false and (R) is true and (R) provides the correct explanation of (A).
D
Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) provides incorrect explanation of (A)

Question 34Single Answer

All the following statements are inconsistent with Spinoza except:

A
Mind and Body are two unlike substances.
B
Doubting implies the existence of the doubter.
C
God is ontologically different from the world.
D
The world and its changes are but modes of God.

Question 35Single Answer

‘The entire universe is mirrored in each unit of the substance except for the difference that it is mirrored only slightly differently from unit to unit’. This position is acceptable to :

A
Spinoza
B
Leibnitz
C
Descartes
D
St. Thomas Aquinas

Question 36Single Answer

When the mind perceives the agreement or disagreement of two ideas by direct inspection without intervention of any other ideas is known as:

A
Intuitive knowledge
B
Demonstrative knowledge
C
Sensitive knowledge
D
None of the above

Question 37Single Answer

Which of the following is the Apodictic form of Judgment according to Kant ?

A
Every effect must have a cause
B
This may be poison
C
The substance is either solid or fluid
D
All of the above

Question 38Single Answer

Consider given Assertion (A) and Reason (R) and then mark the correct option given below:
Assertion (A) : For Hume, we have no idea of a substance.
Reason (R) : We have no idea of anything but a perception
whereas substances is entirely different from a
perception.
Codes:

A
Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) provides a correct explanation of (A).
B
Both (A) and (R) are false and (R) provides an incorrect explanation of (A).
C
(A) is true and (R) is false and (R) is an incorrect explanation of (A).
D
(A) is false and (R) are true and (R) is a correct explanation of (A).

Question 39Single Answer

Consider the following assertions:
(i) Agreement or disagreement of ideas is knowledge.
(ii) There is distinction between primary and secondary qualities.
(iii) Objects are represented through their qualities.
(iv) Knowledge of the object is pre-established in the mind.
Select the correct code in the light of John Locke’s Philosophy.
Codes:

A
(i) and (ii) are true.
B
(i), (ii) and (iii) are true.
C
(ii), (iii) and (iv) are true.
D
(i), (ii), (iii) and (iv) are true.

Question 40Single Answer

Consider following assertions:
(i) Synthetic AprioriJudgment is the standard of knowledge.
(ii) Synthetic Aposteriori Judgment is the standard of knowledge.
(iii) Analytic Apriori Judgment is the standard of knowledge.
(iv) AnalyticAposteriori Judgment is the standard of knowledge.
Select the correct code in the light of Kant’s view-point:
Codes:

A
Only (i) is correct.
B
Only (ii) is correct.
C
Only (i) and (iv) are correct.
D
Only (iii) is correct.

Question 41Single Answer

Consider following assertions:
If sugar has sweetness today, it does not mean that it will remain sweet tomorrow also because-
(i) Sweetness is not inherent in the sugar.
(ii) There is only circumstantial relation between sugar and the sweetness.
(iii) There is no necessary causal relation between sugar and the sweetness.
(iv) There is only conjunction between sugar and the sweetness.
Select the correct code in the light of David Hume’s view-point:
Codes:

A
Only (i) is correct.
B
Only (ii) is correct.
C
Only (iii) and (iv) are correct.
D
Only (ii) and (iv) are correct

Question 42Single Answer

Consider following assertions:
To be is to be perceived-this view is held by
(i) Locke (ii) Berkeley
(iii) Locke and Berkeley (iv) Locke, Berkeley and Hume
Codes:

A
Only (i) is correct.
B
Only (ii) is correct.
C
Only (i) and (ii) are correct.
D
Only (iv) is correct.

Question 43Single Answer

Match the List-I with List-II and select the correct answer by using the codes given below:
List-I List-II
(a) I could not have been the (i) Hume
cause of my own existence for I
have an idea of perfection.
(b) If a principle can be imprinted (ii) Berkeley
on the soul without being known,
it is impossible to distinguish
between what is nature and what not.
(c) Mind is incapable of framing (iii) Descartes
abstract ideas.
(d) Objects are not necessarily but the (iv) Locke
ideas are connected in our mind by
association.
Codes:

A
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(ii) (i) (iii) (iv)
B
(iv) (ii) (i) (iii)
C
(i) (ii) (iv) (iii)
D
(iii) (iv) (ii) (i)

Question 44Single Answer

“Self-identity does not belong to various perceptions by uniting them together, rather it is merely a quality which we attribute to these perceptions because of the Union of their ideas in the imagination” is the view of which one of the following philosophers ?

A
Hume
B
Spinoza
C
Kant
D
Kierkegaard

Question 45Single Answer

“Bodies have no existence without a mind; and it is a contradiction in terms to say those matter exists unperceived by any mind” is the view held by

A
Berkeley
B
Leibnitz
C
Spinoza
D
Hume

Question 46Single Answer

Consider the following statements with reference to Kant and select the correct code:
(i) Kant rejects the notion the space and time are concepts which have been derived from our experience of relations between things.
(ii) Kant accepts the notion the space and time are concepts which have been derived from our experience of relations between things.
(iii) Kant rejects the notion that space and time are concepts which are not derived from our experience of relations between things.
Codes:

A
Only (i) is true.
B
Only (i) and (ii) are true.
C
Only (ii) is true.
D
Only (ii) and (iii) are true.

Question 47Single Answer

Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R). Considering (A)and(R) with Reference to Descartes’ concept of substance, select the correct code:
Assertion (A) : Mind and Body are two relative substances.
Reason (R) : Mind and Body are dependent on each other.
Codes:

A
Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
B
Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
C
(A) is true but (R) is false.
D
(A) is false but (R) is true.

Question 48Single Answer

Which one of the following statements is true with reference to Locke’s theory of causality ?

A
The idea of causality is not derived from voluntary action.
B
The idea of causality is necessarily connected with uniformity.
C
The idea of causality is not derived from voluntary action and is not necessarily connected with uniformity.
D
The connections and dependencies of cause and effect on each other can be discovered in our ideas.

Question 49Single Answer

While propagating the theory of illusion, which one of the following Philosophers argued that ‘the world of sense is an illusion’ ?

A
Francis Bacon
B
Parmenides
C
Protagoras
D
William James

Question 50Single Answer

Which one of the following philosophers argued that the source of error is the disparity between the finitude of the human intellect and the infinitude of the human will ?

A
Descartes
B
Locke
C
Bradley
D
Kierkegaard

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Philosophy

Question 51Single Answer

The distinction between ‘propositions of matters of fact’ and ‘propositions of relations of ideas’ was made by:

A
Locke and Berkeley
B
Berkeley only
C
Hume and Locke
D
Hume only

Question 52Single Answer

Write the correct sequence of the following concepts according to Hegel:

A
Thesis, synthesis and antithesis
B
Thesis,antithesisandsynthesis
C
Synthesis, thesis andantithesis
D
Antithesis, thesisandsynthesis

Question 53Single Answer

Which pair of philosophers holds the view that ‘I can be aware of myself without being aware of an object’ ?

A
Locke and Hume
B
Berkeley and Locke
C
Hume and Spinoza
D
Hume and Berkeley

Question 54Single Answer

Which one of the following statements are not true with reference to Hegel ?

A
Dialectical method begins with an abstract universal concept that gives rise to a contradiction, both of which are finally reconciled into one.
B
Truth is a living logical process.
C
The dialectical movement is the logical self-unfolding of thoughts.
D
Reality is a homogenous empirical one

Question 55Single Answer

Which one of the following statements is true with reference to St. Augustine and St. Anselm ?

A
Both St. Augustine and St. Anselm appealed to authority of the scripture.
B
St. Anselm appealed to the authority of scriptures where as St. Augustine appealed to the authority of reason.
C
Both appealed to the necessary reasons for the truths of the faith.
D
St. Augustine appealed to scripture whereas St. Anselm appealed to reasons for the truths of the faith.

Question 56Single Answer

Consider given Assertion (A) and Reason (R) and then mark the correct option:
Assertion (A) : Hegel calls God the idea.
Reason (R) : This idea contains within itself the entire logico-
dialectical process.
Codes:

A
(A) and (R) are both true, and (R) provides a correct explanation of (A).
B
(A) and (R) are both true, but (R) does not provides a correct explanation of (A).
C
(A) is false and (R) is true and (R) is an incorrect explanation of (A).
D
(A) is true and (R) is false and (R) is an incorrect explanation of (A).

Question 57Single Answer

Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R). Consider(A)and(R) and select the correct code:
Assertion (A) :Pre-socratic philosophers were Atheists.
Reason (R) : Gods of the pre-socratic interfere with the natural
world.
Codes:

A
Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
B
Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
C
(A) is true but (R) is false.
D
(A) is false but (R) is true.

Question 58Single Answer

According to Nyaya the objects of visual sense-organ are also the objects of tactual sense-organ except :

A
Rupa only
B
Rupatva only
C
Both rupa and rupatva
D
Both Rupa and sparsa

Question 59Single Answer

Who among the following pre-socratic philosophers believed in the ‘Unity of opposites’ ?

A
Heraclitus
B
Anaximander
C
Xenophanes
D
Parmenides

Question 60Single Answer

Match List-I with List-II in the light of Aristotle’s classification of sciences and choose the correct code:
          List-I                                                  List-II
(a) Logic                                             (i) Psychology
(b) Theoretical sciences (ii) Politics
(c) Practical sciences                       (iii) Methods of inquiry
(d) Productive sciences                   (iv) Poetics
Codes:

A
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
B
(iii) (i) (ii) (iv)
C
(iii) (i) (iv) (ii)
D
(ii) (i) (iii) (iv)

Question 61Single Answer

Consider the following statements with regard to Plato’s theory of knowledge and mark the correct code from below:
(i) Conjectural knowledge is a kind of sensuous knowledge.
(ii) Source of belief is sense perception.
(iii) Conjucture and belief are grouped under “Opinion”.
(iv) Dialectical knowledge rests on hypothesis.
Code:

A
Only (i) and (ii) are true.
B
Only (i) and (iii) are true.
C
Only (i) (ii) and (iii) are true.
D
Only (i) and (iv) are true.

Question 62Single Answer

Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer by using the codes given below:
List-I List-II
(i) The identify of indiscernibles (a) Descartes
(ii) Interactionism (b) Spinoza
(iii) Parallelism (c) Berkeley
(iv) Esseestpercipi (d) Leibnitz
Codes:

A
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(iii) (ii) (i) (iv)
B
(ii) (iii) (iv) (i)
C
(iv) (i) (ii) (iii)
D
(iv) (ii) (iii) (i)

Question 63Single Answer

Consider given Assertion (A) and Reason (R) in Locke’s philosophy and then mark the correct option as given below:
Assertion (A) : Infants in the womb, according to Locke, have no
complicated thought.
Reason (R) : Mind is an empty tablet.
Codes:

A
(A) is false and (R) is true and (R) provides correct explanation of (A).
B
(A) and (R) are both true and (R) provides correct explanation of (A).
C
(A) and (R) are both true and (R) does not provides correct explanation of (A).
D
(A) is true and (R) is false and (R) does not provide correct explanation of (A).

Question 64Single Answer

‘A good clockmaker can construct two clocks which will keep such perfect time that they for ever strike the hours at the same moment.’ This position is acceptable to :

A
Spinoza
B
Leibnitz
C
Descartes
D
Locke

Question 65Single Answer

The concept of categories was advocated by:
(i) Kant (ii) Kant and Aristotle
(iii) Kant and Locke (iv) Kant and Berkeley
Select the correct code in the light of above:

A
(ii) only
B
(i) only
C
(iv) only
D
(iii) only

Question 66Single Answer

The ideas imprinted on the senses by God are called real things according to :

A
Locke
B
Berkeley
C
Hume
D
Leibnitz

Question 67Single Answer

Match the List-I with List-II and select the correct answer by using the codes given below:
List-I                                                      List-II
   (Judgments) (Categories)
(a) Affirmative (i) Existence-non existence
(b) Assertoric                           (ii) Limitation
(c) Infinite (iii) Necessity-Contingency
(d) Apodictic (iv) Reality
Codes:

A
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(ii) (i) (iv) (iii)
B
(iii) (ii) (iv) (i)
C
(iv) (i) (ii) (iii)
D
(i) (iii) (iv) (ii)

Question 68Single Answer

Consider given Assertion (A) and Reason (R) and then mark the correct option as given below:
Assertion (A) : According to Kant Space is an a priori idea.
Reason (R) : The mind possesses power to perceive space and
timeapriori.
Codes:

A
Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is a correct explanation of (A).
B
Both (A) and (R) are false.
C
(A) is true and (R) is false and (R) is not a correct explanation of (A).
D
(A) is false and(R) is true and (R) is not a correct explanation of (A).

Question 69Single Answer

All the following statements are consistent with the Rationalism of Descartes:
Except:

A
There exists ontological dualism of mind and body.
B
Ontological argument is there in favour of existence of God.
C
Knowledge is constituted of clear and distinct ideas.
D
The test of truth is correspondence.

Question 70Single Answer

Virtti according to nyaya is a relation between :

A
Two Padas
B
Two Padarthas
C
Pada and Padartha
D
Pada and Vakya

Question 71Single Answer

Everything has a cause. How does Kant interpret it ?

A
It is the habit of the mind.
B
We have seen events being preceded by causes.
C
It is a case of pre-established harmony.
D
It is because of the application of the category of causality.

Question 72Single Answer

According to early Buddhism, the so called self is only an aggregate of mental states like ideas, feelings, volitions etc. A similar view was held by:

A
Berkeley
B
David Hume
C
Locke
D
Heraclitus

Question 73Single Answer

“The mind is a bundle or collection of different perceptions, which succeed one another with an inconceivable rapidity, and are in a perpetual flux and movement” is the view held by:

A
Hume
B
Hobbes
C
Leibnitz
D
Berkeley

Question 74Single Answer

“Though appearance is inconsistent with itself, and cannot be entirely divorced from reality” is the view advocated by:

A
F.H. Bradley
B
Spencer
C
Kant
D
Leibnitz

Question 75Single Answer

Spinoza conceives error as:

A
defect of senses
B
defect of knowledge
C
defect of reason
D
defect of intellect

Question 76Single Answer

According to Plato the aim of philosophy is to arrive at knowledge that is:

A
Universal, Changeable, Mutable reality behind transitory appearances of senses.
B
Universal, Unchangeable, eternal reality behind transitory appearances of senses.
C
Particular, Changeable, Mutable reality behind universals.
D
Universal, sentient reality behind world of ideas.

Question 77Single Answer

Consider the following statements with reference to theory of truth of Leibnitz and mark the correct code:
(i) Truths of reason are necessarily true and cannot be denied without inconsistency.
(ii) Truths of reason are contingent and can be denied without inconsistency.
(iii) Truths of fact cannot be denied without contradiction.
(iv) Truths of fact can be denied without contradiction.
Code:

A
Only (i) and (iii) are true.
B
Only (ii) and (iii) are true.
C
Only (i) and (iv) are true.
D
Only (i), (ii) and (iv) are true.

Question 78Single Answer

The Purpose of Socratic method is to:

A
Establish his mastery over the situation.
B
Evolve such universal judgments that work as common ground beneath the clash of opinions.
C
Evolve such universal judgments that reject all clash of opinions.
D
Reject the importance of all particular judgments.

Question 79Single Answer

All the propositions below, according to Locke are true, except:

A
There are real objects and their primary qualities can be known.
B
There are real objects and their secondary qualities are subjective.
C
There are real objects and their primary qualities are unknowable.
D
There are real objects and whose contact with our senses generate ideas in us.

Question 80Single Answer

All the propositions below, according to Spinoza are true, except:

A
God and world are one and the same.
B
God is immanent in the world.
C
God transcends the world.
D
The world and its changes are God’s modes.

Question 81Single Answer

All things are composed of matter and form. Still it is right to talk of both matter less form and form less matter. This view is held by:

A
Socrates
B
Aristotle
C
Aristotle and Leucippus
D
Aristotle and Socrates

Question 82Single Answer

Which one of the following philosophers advocated the distinction between three inductive procedures such as, Table of essence or presence, table of deviation and table of comparative instances ?

A
Mill
B
Bacon
C
Kant
D
Aristotle

Question 83Single Answer

In the context of Locke’s philosophy, consider the given Assertion (A) and Reason (R) and then mark the correct option as given below:
Assertion (A) : All our knowledge is A posteriori.
Reason (R) : Knowledge is received through sensation and
reflection.
Options:

A
Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) does not provide the correct explanation of (A).
B
(A) is true and (R) is false but (R) does not provide the correct explanation of (A).
C
(A) is true and (R) is false but (R) provides the correct explanation of (A).
D
Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) provides the correct explanation of (A).

Question 84Single Answer

Match List-I with List-II and mark the correct code:
     List-I                                         List-II
(a) Hume                                (i) Parallelism
(b) Locke                                (ii) Scepticism
(c) Berkeley                           (iii) Empiricism
(d) Spinoza (iv) Idealism
Codes:

A
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
B
(ii) (i) (iv) (iii)
C
(ii) (iii) (iv) (i)
D
(iv) (iii) (i) (ii)

Question 85Single Answer

Sensationism, Empiricism and Representationism are altogether attributed to:

A
Hume
B
Locke
C
Kant
D
Berkeley

Question 86Single Answer

Match List-I with List-II and mark the correct code from given below:
     List-I                                              List-II
(Thinkers)                                      (Books)
(a) Locke                     (i) Principles of Human Knowledge
(b) Hume                    (ii) Principia philosophia
(c) Descartes            (iii) Essay concerning Human Understanding
(d) Berkeley (iv) Enquiry concerning Human Understanding
Codes:

A
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
B
(ii) (iv) (iii) (i)
C
(iii) (i) (ii) (iv)
D
(iii) (iv) (ii) (i)

Question 87Single Answer

The distinction between impression and idea was made by

A
Kant
B
Locke
C
Hume
D
Berkeley

Question 88Single Answer

As per Aristotle’s distinction between various sciences, “the pure and abstract knowledge” is dealt by:

A
Theoretical sciences such as Politics and Ethics.
B
Practical sciences such as Theology and Metaphysics.
C
Theoretical sciences such as Mathematics and Physics
D
Practical sciences such as Politics and Ethics.

Question 89Single Answer

Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R). Considering (A) and (R), mark the correct code:
Assertion (A) : Plato rejected the view that “knowledge is
opinion” in his theatetus.
Reason (R) : Knowledge must be grounded on faith, and not on
Reason.
Codes:

A
Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
B
Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
C
(A) is true, but (R) is false.
D
(A) is false, but (R) is true.

Question 90Single Answer

“Atoms exist-they are the existent, Empty space exists-even if it is paradoxically called the non-existent. And nothing else exists”. is the philosophical position of

A
Heraclitus
B
Democritus
C
Anaxagoras
D
Parmenides

Question 91Single Answer

Who among the following believed that “All things are full of Souls and Spirits” ?

A
Democritus
B
Heraclitus
C
Parmenides
D
Pythagoras

Question 92Single Answer

Which of the following statements are true with reference to Protagoras. Mark the correct code:
(i) Man is the measure of all things.
(ii) Truth is objective.
(iii) What is true to one person need not be so to the other.
Codes:

A
Only (i) is true.
B
Only (i) and (ii) are true.
C
Only (i) and (iii) are true.
D
Only (ii) and (iii) are true.

Question 93Single Answer

Match the List-I with List-II and select the correct answer by using the codes below:
List-I List-II
(a) There must be both unity and opposition in the Absolute (i) Locke
(b) The forms of sensibility are intuitional, the understanding is conceptual (ii) Hume
(c) Ideas of substances are inadequate (iii) Kant
(d) Ideas are not entirely loose or joined by chance, they introduce each other (iv) Hegel with a certain degree of method and regularity
Codes:

A
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(i) (iv) (ii) (iii)
B
(iii) (ii) (iv) (i)
C
(iv) (iii) (i) (ii)
D
(ii) (i) (iii) (iv)

Question 94Single Answer

According to Hegel, the absolute mind expresses its essence of truth in the form of Intuition in:

A
Morality
B
Art
C
Religion
D
Philosophy

Question 95Single Answer

Match the List-I with List-II and select the correct answer. For Descartes, the human body is like a machine.
List-I List-II
(a) The moving principle of body is (i) The heat in the heart
(b) The organs of motion (ii) Nerves
(c) The organs of sensations (iii) Muscles
Codes :

A
(a) (b) (c)
(i) (iii) (ii)
B
(iii) (i) (ii)
C
(ii) (i) (iii)
D
(ii) (iii) (i)

Question 96Single Answer

The ‘Predicate-in subject’ principle is propounded by:

A
Descartes
B
Leibnitz
C
Spinoza
D
Locke

Question 97Single Answer

Consider the Assertion (A) and Reason (R) & Select the correct code given below:
Assertion (A) : Monads have no windows.
Reason (R) :
I. Nothing is passed to them from outside.
II. Each of their state is generated from their own nature.
III. Monads do not interact.
Codes:

A
(A) is true and (R) I, II, III are correct explanations of (A).
B
(A) is true and (R) I is the only correct explanation of (A).
C
(A) is true and (R) I, II are correct explanations of (A).
D
(A) is true and (R) II, III are the correct explanations of (A).

Question 98Single Answer

Which one of the following is true with reference to Leibnitz’s doctrine of pre-established Harmony ?

A
Bodies and Souls work inconsonance with each other and become one.
B
Bodies act as if there were no souls, and souls act as if there were no bodies, but both act as if one influenced the other.
C
Bodies act on souls and souls act on bodies.
D
Both Bodies and souls are one and the same

Question 99Single Answer

Consider the following statements with reference to Kant and mark the correct code:
(i) Space and Time are objective and exists in their own right.
(ii) Space and Time are not objective but only appearances and are relative.
(iii) Space and Time are a priori.
Codes:

A
Only (ii) is true.
B
Only (i) and (ii) are true.
C
Only (iii) is true.
D
Only (i) and (iii) are true.

Question 100Single Answer

Consider the following statements with reference to Descartes and mark the correct code:
(i) All Mental states are reducible to Physical states.
(ii) All Physical states are reducible to Mental states.
(iii) Body-Mind relation is not similar to that of Car and Driver.
(iv) There is no Corporeal and non-corporeal distinction with respect to human beings.
Codes:

A
Only (iii) is true.
B
Only (i) and (iv) are true.
C
Only (ii) and (iii) are true.
D
Only (ii), (iii) and (iv) are true.

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