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Question Bank

UGC NET Psychology Exam - English

Duration: 180 · Questions: 150 · Max Marks: 300 · Language: 3

View NTA UGC NET Psychology 2026 Exam Page

Teaching/ research aptitude

1
The process by which conclusion is arrived at on the basis of other propositions is termed as - 
  1. A.Concept
  2. B.Inference
  3. C.Connotation
  4. D.Conference
2
Propositions that support the conclusion of an argument are called
  1. A.Inferences
  2. B.Premises
  3. C.Concepts 
  4. D.None of the above
3
That proposition which is affirmed on the basis of premises is called
  1. A.Major term
  2. B.Concept
  3. C.Conclusion 
  4. D.Syllogism
4
Deduction and induction are two main forms of
  1. A.Beliefs
  2. B.Concepts
  3. C.Reasoning
  4. D.Assumptions
5
A reasoning where we start with certain particular statement and conclude with a universal statement is called a
  1. A.Deductive reasoning
  2. B.Inductive reasoning
  3. C.Abnormal reasoning
  4. D.Transcendental reasoning 
6
With which of the following terms, deduction inference can be identified?
  1. A.Synthetic
  2. B.Analytic
  3. C.Both (a) and (b)
  4. D.None of the above
7
Which of the following can be defined as group of statements that have common conclusion?
  1. A.Proposition
  2. B.Argument
  3. C.Concept 
  4. D.Fallacy
8
The premises provide conclusive grounds for conclusion in
  1. A.Inductive reasoning
  2. B.Deductive reasoning
  3. C.Intuitive reasoning
  4. D.None of the above
9
The defining feature of a valid deduction is its
  1. A.Vagueness
  2. B.Uncertainty
  3. C.Indefiniteness 
  4. D.Certainty
10
Inductive arguments are typically
  1. A.Analytic
  2. B.Synthetic
  3. C.Intuitive 
  4. D.Aesthetic
11
ICT stands for -
  1. A.Information and communication technology
  2. B.Information controlled technology
  3. C.Information capable technology
  4. D.None of the above         
12
Which of the following is also termed as multimedia education?
  1. A. ICT supported education
  2. B.ICT enabled education
  3. C. ICT education 
  4. D.None of the above
13
Information and communication technology includes
  1. A.Online learning 
  2. B. Learning through the use of EDUSAT
  3. C.Web-based learning
  4. D.All of the above  
14
Which of the following is the appropriate definition of information Technology?
  1. A.Information technology refers to the use of hardware and software for processing information
  2. B.Information technology refers to the use of hardware and software for distribution of useful information
  3. C.Information technology refers to the use of hardware and software for storage, retrieval, processing, and distributing information of many kinds
  4. D.Information technology refers to the use of principles of physical sciences and social sciences for processing of information of many kinds.           
15
CBT stands for
  1. A.Central basic training
  2. B. Computer-based training
  3. C.Computer basic test
  4. D.None of the above
16
The term ecosystem was coined by - 
  1. A.Arthur Tansley
  2. B.Al Gore
  3. C.Mobius 
  4. D.Mobius 
17
Who first used and defined Ecology in 1866?
  1. A.H. Reiter 
  2. B.Haeckel
  3. C.Charles Elton 
  4. D.Odum 
18
In the study of man-environment interaction, the statement of Miss Sample that 'the humans are slowly the product of their environment' is
  1. A.An opinion
  2. B.A prejudice
  3. C.A fact 
  4. D.A widely accepted phenomenon  
19
A habitat is
  1. A.An area inhabited by a community
  2. B.A small part of ecosystem
  3. C.A particular area inhabited by plants and animals 
  4. D.The number of different organisms living in a specific area
20
Biome is a natural community of
  1. A.Plants in a geographical area
  2. B.Animals in a geographical area
  3. C.Plants and animals in a geographical area
  4. D.Plants in the Arctic region
21
The main governing body at the tertiary level of education in India is -
  1. A.NCERT 
  2. B.CBSE  
  3. C.AICTE
  4. D. UGC         
22
Government established the University Grants Commission by an act of Parliament in the year
  1. A.1980                                                      
  2. B.1948
  3. C.1950
  4. D.1956
23
The tertiary education includes
  1. A.Primary and secondary education
  2. B.Higher education
  3. C.Vocational education and training
  4. D.(d) Both (b) and (c)
24
Which of the following is the regulator of higher education?
  1. A.NCERT 
  2. B. AICTE
  3. C.UGC 
  4. D.MHRD
25
The idea of Four Pillars of Education was suggested by
  1. A.UNICEF
  2. B.UGC
  3. C.NCTE
  4. D.UNESCO
26
Find the missing number in the following series.
8, 24, 12, ?, 18, 54
  1. A.26
  2. B.24
  3. C.36
  4. D.32
27
Find the missing number in the following series.
28, 33, 31, 36, ?, 39
  1. A.30
  2. B.32
  3. C.33
  4. D.34
28
Find the missing number in the following series.
1, 3, 4, 8, 15, 27, ?
  1. A.45
  2. B.50
  3. C.55
  4. D.60
29
Find the missing number in the following series.
2/3, 4/7, ?, 11/21, 16/31
  1. A.10/8 
  2. B.6/10
  3. C.5/10
  4. D.7/10
30
Find the missing number in the following series.
4, 16, 8, 64, ?, 256
  1. A.16
  2. B.24
  3. C.32
  4. D.20
31
When we say that communication is intentional, it means that -
  1. A.Sender consciously intends to affect the behaviour of receiver of the message
  2. B.Effective communication is a process of acting on information
  3. C.Through speech communication, people make sense of the world
  4. D.None of the above
32
Communication is the transfer and understanding of
  1. A.Ideas
  2. B.Concepts
  3. C.Meaning
  4. D.Words
33
Which of the following can be termed as the 'context' of communication?
  1. A.An interference with message reception
  2. B.Effective communication 
  3. C.Verbal and non-verbal responses to messages
  4. D.A physical and psychological environment for conversation
34
Which of the following is Berlo's Linear Model of communication?
  1. A.S-M-R-C
  2. B.S-M-C-R
  3. C.S-R-M-C
  4. D.S-R-C-M
35
Who among the following has stated that people know each other and themselves only through communication?
  1. A.George Herbert Mead
  2. B.Mahatma Gandhi
  3. C.Martin Luther King
  4. D.None of above
36
Research is - 
  1. A.A purposeful, systematic activity
  2. B.Conducted for purely academic purposes.
  3. C.Conducted to answer questions about practical issues.
  4. D.A random, unplanned process of discovery
37
The research is always
  1. A.Verifying the old knowledge
  2. B.Exploring new knowledge
  3. C.Filling the gaps between the knowledge
  4. D.All of the above
38
All good research aims at
  1. A.Betterment of the society
  2. B.Developing generalizations, theories, and principles
  3. C.Solving routine problem
  4. D.None of the above
39
A grand theory
  1. A.Explains interrelationships among concepts
  2. B.Is highly abstract
  3. C.Broad explanation of phenomenon in a discipline
  4. D.All of the above
40
The idea that knowledge comes from experience is
  1. A.Rationalism
  2. B.Deductive reasoning
  3. C.Logic
  4. D.Empiricism
41
Which of the following is/are the basic paradigms in classroom teaching?
  1. A.Learning paradigm                               
  2. B.Instructional paradigm
  3. C.Both (a) and (b)   
  4. D.None of the above
42
The prime requirement to become a good teacher is to have
  1. A.Genuine interest in teaching
  2. B.Knowledge about controlling students
  3. C.Subject knowledge
  4. D.Good expression
43
Which of the following statement/s is/are NOT true ?
  1. A.Teaching is just an art
  2. B.Teachers can be trained only
  3. C.Teachers are born
  4. D.All of the above
44
Which of the following statements is true?
  1. A.Computer aided education can replace a teacher
  2. B.Computer aided education can assist a teacher
  3. C.On-line teaching and face-to-face teaching both are effective
  4. D.Face-to-face teaching is less effective than online teaching
45
In order to solve the problem of aimlessness in education, we should develop -
  1. A.democratic citizenship   
  2. B.centralized education
  3. C.education
  4. D.reform the administrative set-up
46
Which is the main objective of research?
  1. A.To review the literature
  2. B.To summarize what is already known
  3. C.To get an academic degree
  4. D.To discover new facts or to make fresh interpretation of known facts
47
Sampling error decreases with the
  1. A.decrease in sample size
  2. B.increase in sample size
  3. C.process of randomization
  4. D.process of analysis
48
The principles of fundamental research are used in
  1. A.action research
  2. B.applied research
  3. C.philosophical research
  4. D.historical research
49
Users who use media for their own ends are indentified as
  1. A.Passive audience
  2. B.Active audience
  3. C.Positive audience
  4. D.Negative audience
50
Classroom communication can be described as
  1. A.Exploration
  2. B.Institutionalisation
  3. C.Unsignified narration
  4. D.Discourse

Psychology

1
1.Motion sickness can occur when:
a.One loses his vestibuler sense.
b.One relies only on visual information.
c.One’s visual information and vestibular system’s information are congruent.
d.One’s  visual  system and vestibular system are in conflict.
  1. A.Codes
    (a) only
  2. B.(a) and  (b)
  3. C.(d) only    
  4. D.(a) and (d)
2
Read of the following two statement – Assertion (A) and Reason  (R  and indicate your answer using the codes given below:
Assertion  (A)  : Iconic store is a discrete Visual sensory store.
Reason (R       :  Because information is believed to be stored in the form of visual codes.
  1. A.Codes
    Both (A) and (R  are true and ( R is the correct explanation of (A).
  2. B.
    Both (A) and (R  are true but ( R is not  the correct explanation of (A).
  3. C.
    (A) is true, but (R is false.
  4. D.(A) is false , but (R is true.
3
Backward Conditioning occurs When :
  1. A.
    CS and US are presented simultaneously
  2. B.
    CS is presented first and US is presented before the termination of CS
  3. C.CS is presented first and US is presented after the termination of CS
  4. D.
    US  is presented first and US is presented after the termination of  US
4
1.Which among the following defines problem space ?
(a)An initial state             (b) A goal state
(c  A set of operations
  1. A.Codes :
    (a) and (c)   
  2. B.(a) and (b)
  3. C.(d) and ©  
  4. D.(a),  (b) and (c)
5
The James-Lange teary and the cognitive theory of emotion disagree on whether:
  1. A.
    Specific brain centers are involved in specific emotions.
  2. B.Bodily feedback determines which emotion is felt.
  3. C.
    Individuals can judge their emotions accurately.
  4. D.
    There is no any biological involvement in human emotion. 
6
Which of the following are the symptoms of schizophrenia ?
  1. A.Dizziness
  2. B.Deafness
  3. C.Hallucination, delusion
  4. D.All of the above
7
A series  of activities by which stimuli are perceived transformed into information and stored is called . 
  1. A.Attention
  2. B.Selection
  3. C.Perception
  4. D.Information processing
8
A series  of activities by which stimuli are perceived transformed into information and stored is called . 
  1. A.Attention 
  2. B.Selection
  3. C.Perception
  4. D. Information processing
9
The absolute is the smallest magnitude of a stimuli  that can be detected :
  1. A.30 percent of the time
  2. B.40 percent of the time
  3. C.50 percent of the time
  4. D.60 percent of the time 
10
Which of the following stages of the information processing model constitute perception ? 
  1. A.Exposure and attention
  2. B.Exposure attention interpretation
  3. C.Exposure attention inter
  4. D.Exposure , attention , interpretation , memory and action
11
Partial reinforcement is considered better then continuous reinforcement because :
  1. A.the learning occurs rapidly
  2. B.the learning occurs slowly
  3. C.the extinction occurs rapidly
  4. D.the extinction occurs slowly
12
Match List I with List II and indicate your answer using the codes given below :                         
List-I                                    List-II
( Test )                             ( Dimension/Trait Assessed )
a.EPRS                            (I) State anxiety
b.EPQ –R                         (II) Psychoticism
c.NEO – PI –R                  (III) Achievement motivation
d.STAI                              (IV) Openness to experience
  1. A.CODES:
    (a)              (b)               (c)               (d)
    (III)             (II)                (IV)              (I)
  2. B.(I)             (II)               (IV)             (III)
  3. C.(III)              (IV)              (II)              (I)
  4. D.(I)              (IV)                (II)              (III)
13
Psychology is a -
  1. A.Biological science
  2. B.Physical science
  3. C.Social science
  4. D.Natural science
14
Arrange the four basic characteristics of instincts as per Freud’ s psychoanalytic theory in terms of sequence.
a.An impetus
b.a source
c.an objest
d.An aim
Chose the correct code for sequence of events:
  1. A.(b)    (a)     (d)    (c)
  2. B.(c)      (b)     (a)    (d)
  3. C.(b)     (d)     (a)     (c)
  4. D.(a)     (b)      (c)     (d)
15
History of intelligence testing can be described in following sequence:
  1. A.Galton à J.M. caltell à Benet-simonà Wechsler
  2. B.J.M.  Cattellà stern-Termanà Benet-simonà Wechsler
  3. C.Wisterà Benet-simonà SpearmanàR.B. Cattell
  4. D.GaltonàJ.M. Cettellà Spearmanà Wechsler
16
Berlett describeb memory as a :
  1. A.Constructive mental process
  2. B.Reproductive mental process
  3. C.Active mental  process
  4. D.A process of retention
17
Which of the following part of the brain sends signals "alert" to the higher centers in response to incoming messages ?
  1. A.Reticular formation
  2. B.Hippocampus
  3. C.Limbic system
  4. D.Amygdala
18
According to Hull-Spence theory, anxiety is emotionally based drive and therefore , it can be hypothesized that on eyelid conditioning then the low anxious subjects. Using taylor
Manifest Anxiety Scale (MAS) , a researcher confirmed this hypothesis This provides evidence for the :
a.Covergent and discriminant validity of the MAS
b.Validity of the Hull-Spence theory
c.Generalizabillity of the MAS
d.Construct validirty of the MASA 
  1. A.(b) only 
  2. B.(a) and (b) only
  3. C.(b) and (c] only
  4. D.(b) and (d)  only
19
The bet home environment for intrllectual development is one:
  1. A.In which child is encoutaged to work out problem with guidance and support from parents
  2. B.in which parents dictate the child what to do
  3. C.In which child is left on his own
  4. D.In which father  is absent to impose his authority
20
Out of the following who has not explained intelligence in terms of Psychometric Approach ?
  1. A.Jensen
  2. B.Cattell
  3. C.Sternberg
  4. D.Thurstone
21
A procedure that establishes a sequence of responses which lead to a reward following the final response and then working backwards is called
  1. A.Shaping 
  2. B.Stimulus Control
  3. C.Chaining
  4. D.Stimulus generation 
22
In a study on scaling of attitude items, eleven statements were included. What would be the number of pairs of attitude statements?
  1. A.21
  2. B.55
  3. C.110
  4. D.121
23
Who first attempted to describe personality traits in terms of Lexican descriptors?
  1. A.Ross Stagner
  2. B.Allport and Odbert
  3. C.R.B. Cattel
  4. D.lCoasta and McCrae
24
Read each of the following two statements – Assertion (A) and Reason (R) and indicate your answer using the codesAssertion (A): Classical conditioning is quick when UCS is presented immediately after CS rather than before.Reason (R): According to cognitive perspective,
classical conditioning occurs because CS provides expectancy about the coming of UCS.
Codes: 
  1. A.Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
  2. B.Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). 
  3. C.(A) is true, but (R) is false.
  4. D.(A) is false, but (R) is true.
25
Which of the following have been explained by Freud in his psycho
analytic theory of motivation?
(a)Homeostasis
(b)Drives
(c)Hedonism
(d)Instincts 
Codes
  1. A.(a), (b) and (d) only
  2. B.(a), (c) and (d) only
  3. C.(b), (c) and (d) only
  4. D.(a), (b) and (c) only 
26
Which of the following is correctly arranged?
  1. A.Encoding – Retrieval – Storage
  2. B.Encoding –Storage – Retrieval
  3. C.Storage – Encoding – Retrieval
  4. D.Retrieval – Encoding – Storage
27
Which one of the following does not contribute to memory?
  1. A.Interesting/disinteresting learning material
  2. B.Goal behind learning
  3. C.Gender
  4. D.Some rest after learning
28
In terms of efficiency in scanning information, which one of the following strategies is considered to be the best?
  1. A.Conservative focusing
  2. B.Focus gambling
  3. C.Simultaneous scanning
  4. D.Successive scanning
29
In retrograde amnesia, Which of the following kind of problem is seen:
  1. A.Problems with recalling previously learned material 
  2. B.Problems with face recognition
  3. C.Difficulty finding routes
  4. D.Poor encoding of verbal material 
30
Read each of the following two statements – Assertion (A) and Reason (R) and indicate your answer using the codes given below:Assertion (A):Extraverted individuals are socialable, impulsive and like
excitement.Reason (R):Brains of extraverts react more slowly and weakly to stimuli which cause them to seek excitement by approaching the environment.
 codes:
  1. A.Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
  2. B.Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
  3. C.(A) is true, but (R) is false.
  4. D.(A) is false, but (R) is true.
31
Which ancient text emphasizes controlling the mind and emotions to achieve inner peace in Eastern psychological thought?
  1. A.Upanishads
  2. B.Puranas
  3. C.Vedas
  4. D.Bhagavad Gita
32
What does the Bhagavad Gita identify as the root cause of human problems in psychological terms?
  1. A.Lack of wealth
  2. B.Lack of integration of the full personality
  3. C.External conflicts
  4. D.Physical ailments
33
In the Bhagavad Gita, what does 'Jnana' signify in the context of cognitive appraisal?
  1. A.Sensory perception
  2. B.Accurate understanding and wisdom
  3. C.Emotional regulation
  4. D.Physical action
34
How does the Bhagavad Gita suggest achieving equanimity in internal life and external activities?
  1. A.By controlling desires and emotions
  2. B.Through meditation only
  3. C.Via material pursuits
  4. D.By avoiding all actions
35
Which concept in the Bhagavad Gita aligns with modern theories of self-realization and motivation?
  1. A.Self-realization and mental balance
  2. B.Dharma
  3. C.Karma
  4. D.Moksha
36
What does Krishna advise Arjuna in the Bhagavad Gita to transcend for psychological equilibrium?
  1. A.Desires and emotions
  2. B.Physical strength
  3. C.Intellectual dominance
  4. D.Social status
37
What psychological roadmap does the Bhagavad Gita provide for transcending the ego?
  1. A.Realizing inherent divinity
  2. B.Accumulating knowledge
  3. C.Performing rituals
  4. D.Seeking external validation
38
Which psychological concepts relevant to human dilemmas are integrated in the Bhagavad Gita?
  1. A.Perception and sensation
  2. B.Behavior and conditioning
  3. C.Mind, emotions, and moral issues
  4. D.Learning and memory
39
What is essential for facing challenges according to the Bhagavad Gita’s psychological teachings?
  1. A.Mental balance and self-discipline
  2. B.Wealth accumulation
  3. C.Social influence
  4. D.Physical fitness
40
Which Eastern system views suffering as arising from attachment and ignorance?
  1. A.Buddhism
  2. B.Sufism
  3. C.Integral Yoga
  4. D.Bhagavad Gita
41
What is the primary psychological goal of Buddhism’s Four Noble Truths?
  1. A.Achieving material success
  2. B.Liberation from suffering
  3. C.Social harmony
  4. D.Intellectual superiority
42
In Buddhism, what practice is central to developing mindfulness and mental clarity?
  1. A.Meditation
  2. B.Ritual worship
  3. C.Physical exercise
  4. D.Social service
43
Which concept in Buddhism relates to the impermanence of all phenomena, impacting psychological well-being?
  1. A.Nirvana
  2. B.Anatta
  3. C.Dukkha
  4. D.Anicca
44
How does Buddhism describe the self in psychological terms?
  1. A.A permanent entity
  2. B.An illusion (Anatta)
  3. C.A divine spark
  4. D.A social construct
45
What does the Buddhist concept of 'Dukkha' refer to in psychological contexts?
  1. A.Joyful experiences
  2. B.Suffering or dissatisfaction
  3. C.Eternal bliss
  4. D.Physical health
46
Which Buddhist practice emphasizes compassion and loving-kindness to enhance psychological health?
  1. A.Metta meditation
  2. B.Vipassana
  3. C.Zen meditation
  4. D.Mantra chanting
47
In Sufism, what is the psychological significance of the concept of 'Fana'?
  1. A.Material wealth
  2. B.Physical strength
  3. C.Social status
  4. D.Ego dissolution
48
Which Sufi practice involves rhythmic chanting to achieve a state of psychological transcendence?
  1. A.Salah
  2. B.Zikr
  3. C.Fasting
  4. D.Pilgrimage
49
What does Sufism emphasize as a path to psychological transformation?
  1. A.Intellectual debates
  2. B.Ritual sacrifices
  3. C.Love and devotion to the divine
  4. D.Social reforms
50
Which Eastern system integrates physical, mental, and spiritual practices for psychological growth?
  1. A.Buddhism
  2. B.Sufism
  3. C.Integral Yoga
  4. D.Bhagavad Gita
51
Who developed the system of Integral Yoga, emphasizing psychological and spiritual evolution?
  1. A.Swami Vivekananda
  2. B.Mahatma Gandhi
  3. C.Sri Aurobindo
  4. D.Ramakrishna Paramahamsa
52
What is the primary psychological aim of Integral Yoga?
  1. A.Physical fitness
  2. B.Social activism
  3. C.Transformation of consciousness
  4. D.Academic success
53
In Integral Yoga, what is the role of the 'psychic being' in psychological development?
  1. A.Physical health
  2. B.Cognitive skills
  3. C.Emotional regulation
  4. D.Inner spiritual core guiding evolution
54
Which aspect of Integral Yoga focuses on harmonizing the mind, body, and spirit?
  1. A.Karma Yoga
  2. B.Jnana Yoga
  3. C.Bhakti Yoga
  4. D.Integral synthesis
55
During which era did academic psychology in India begin to take shape under colonial influence?
  1. A.Post-independence era
  2. B.1970s
  3. C.Pre-independence era
  4. D.1990s
56
Which university established the first psychology department in India in 1916?
  1. A.University of Delhi
  2. B.University of Bombay
  3. C.University of Calcutta
  4. D.University of Madras
57
What was a key focus of academic psychology in India during the pre-independence era?
  1. A.Social issues
  2. B.Indigenization
  3. C.Experimental psychology
  4. D.Clinical therapy
58
Who was a prominent figure in establishing experimental psychology in India during the pre-independence era?
  1. A.Sigmund Freud
  2. B.N.N. Sengupta
  3. C.Carl Jung
  4. D.B.F. Skinner
59
What characterized the post-independence era of academic psychology in India?
  1. A.Focus on Western theories
  2. B.Expansion of psychology education
  3. C.Indigenization efforts
  4. D.Disciplinary identity crisis
60
Which decade saw Indian psychology addressing social issues like poverty and education?
  1. A.1950s
  2. B.1960s
  3. C.1980s
  4. D.1970s
61
What was a major focus of Indian psychology in the 1970s?
  1. A.Cognitive neuroscience
  2. B.Behaviorism
  3. C.Psychoanalysis
  4. D.Socially relevant research
62
Which movement in Indian psychology began in the 1980s to incorporate indigenous perspectives?
  1. A.Globalization
  2. B.Indigenization
  3. C.Colonialism
  4. D.Postmodernism
63
What was a key challenge for Indian psychology during the 1980s indigenization efforts?
  1. A.Balancing Western and Indian perspectives
  2. B.Lack of funding
  3. C.Overemphasis on social issues
  4. D.Absence of academic institutions
64
Which decade saw Indian psychology grappling with paradigmatic concerns and disciplinary identity crisis?
  1. A.1970s
  2. B.1990s
  3. C.1980s
  4. D.2000s
65
What was a major issue for Indian psychology in the 1990s?
  1. A.Global recognition
  2. B.Overfunding of research
  3. C.Excessive indigenization
  4. D.Lack of distinct disciplinary identity
66
Which movement emerged in Indian psychology academia during the 2000s?
  1. A.Behaviorism
  2. B.Humanistic psychology
  3. C.Psychoanalysis
  4. D.Indian psychology
67
What was a key feature of Indian psychology in the 2000s?
  1. A.Integration of indigenous psychological concepts
  2. B.Rejection of Western theories
  3. C.Focus on clinical therapy
  4. D.Emphasis on cognitive science
68
Which Eastern system’s psychological insights were increasingly explored in Indian psychology during the 2000s?
  1. A.Bhagavad Gita and Yoga
  2. B.Confucianism
  3. C.Taoism
  4. D.Zen Buddhism
69
What was a significant issue in the colonial encounter for Indian psychology?
  1. A.Overemphasis on indigenous systems
  2. B.Absence of social issues
  3. C.Lack of academic institutions
  4. D.Imposition of Western psychological frameworks
70
How did the colonial encounter influence early academic psychology in India?
  1. A.Promoted indigenous systems
  2. B.Focused on social reforms
  3. C.Prioritized Western experimental methods
  4. D.Encouraged spiritual practices
71
What is a key feature of postcolonial psychology in India?
  1. A.Complete rejection of Western theories
  2. B.Focus on behaviorism
  3. C.Reclaiming indigenous psychological knowledge
  4. D.Emphasis on neuroscience
72
Which issue persists in Indian psychology due to its colonial legacy?
  1. A.Overfunding of research
  2. B.Excessive indigenization
  3. C.Lack of distinct disciplinary identity
  4. D.Global dominance
73
What does postcolonial psychology in India critique about Western psychological models?
  1. A.Their universal applicability
  2. B.Their focus on social issues
  3. C.Their spiritual foundations
  4. D.Their experimental rigor
74
Which Eastern system emphasizes the psychological role of divine love in achieving inner peace?
  1. A.Buddhism
  2. B.Bhagavad Gita
  3. C.Integral Yoga
  4. D.Sufism
75
In Sufism, what psychological state is achieved through the practice of Zikr?
  1. A.Cognitive dissonance
  2. B.Emotional suppression
  3. C.Spiritual ecstasy
  4. D.Physical relaxation
76
What does Integral Yoga view as the ultimate goal of psychological development?
  1. A.Material success
  2. B.Intellectual mastery
  3. C.Social harmony
  4. D.Divine consciousness
77
Which Buddhist concept aligns with modern cognitive therapy’s focus on reframing thoughts?
  1. A.Anatta
  2. B.Karma
  3. C.Right Mindfulness
  4. D.Nirvana
78
What was a limitation of pre-independence psychology in India?
  1. A.Overemphasis on indigenous systems
  2. B.Heavy reliance on Western models
  3. C.Lack of social relevance
  4. D.Excessive funding
79
Which decade marked the shift toward socially relevant psychological research in India?
  1. A.1960s
  2. B.1990s
  3. C.1980s
  4. D.1970s
80
What was a key focus of indigenization in Indian psychology during the 1980s?
  1. A.Adopting Western theories
  2. B.Emphasizing neuroscience
  3. C.Focusing on clinical psychology
  4. D.Incorporating Indian philosophical systems
81
Which Eastern system’s psychological insights were least emphasized in early Indian academic psychology?
  1. A.Sufism
  2. B.Buddhism
  3. C.Bhagavad Gita
  4. D.Integral Yoga
82
What psychological concept in the Bhagavad Gita relates to selfless action?
  1. A.Bhakti Yoga
  2. B.Karma Yoga
  3. C.Jnana Yoga
  4. D.Raja Yoga
83
In Buddhism, what is the psychological benefit of practicing Vipassana meditation?
  1. A.Enhanced physical strength
  2. B.Social popularity
  3. C.Insight into the nature of reality
  4. D.Material wealth
84
Which Sufi concept aligns with the psychological idea of self-transcendence?
  1. A.Fana
  2. B.Tawhid
  3. C.Zikr
  4. D.Barakah
85
What does Integral Yoga emphasize for psychological growth?
  1. A.External achievements
  2. B.Inner transformation
  3. C.Social activism
  4. D.Cognitive skills
86
Which institution played a key role in expanding psychology education in post-independence India?
  1. A.Indian Institute of Science
  2. B.University Grants Commission
  3. C.National Institute of Mental Health
  4. D.Indian Council of Social Science Research
87
What was a major critique of Indian psychology in the 1990s?
  1. A.Overemphasis on indigenization
  2. B.Lack of paradigmatic clarity
  3. C.Excessive funding
  4. D.Global recognition
88
Which Eastern system’s psychological principles were integrated into Indian psychology in the 2000s?
  1. A.Yoga and Vedanta
  2. B.Taoism
  3. C.Confucianism
  4. D.Zen Buddhism
89
What was a key challenge for postcolonial psychology in India?
  1. A.Over-reliance on indigenous systems
  2. B.Lack of academic institutions
  3. C.Reconstructing disciplinary identity
  4. D.Excessive global influence
90
Which psychological concept from the Bhagavad Gita emphasizes devotion as a path to mental peace?
  1. A.Karma Yoga
  2. B.Raja Yoga
  3. C.Jnana Yoga
  4. D.Bhakti Yoga
91
In Buddhism, what is the psychological role of the Eightfold Path?
  1. A.Achieving social status
  2. B.Guiding ethical and mental development
  3. C.Promoting physical health
  4. D.Ensuring material success
92
Which Sufi practice fosters psychological connection with the divine?
  1. A.Salah
  2. B.Fasting
  3. C.Zikr
  4. D.Charity
93
What does Integral Yoga view as essential for psychological evolution?
  1. A.Social reforms
  2. B.Academic achievements
  3. C.Aspiration for divine consciousness
  4. D.Physical fitness
94
What characterized the pre-independence era of Indian psychology?
  1. A.Indigenous psychological theories
  2. B.Western experimental approaches
  3. C.Socially relevant research
  4. D.Clinical psychology focus
95
Which decade saw Indian psychology focus on issues like caste and gender?
  1. A.1960s
  2. B.1970s
  3. C.1980s
  4. D.1990s
96
What was a key goal of the indigenization movement in Indian psychology?
  1. A.Adopting global theories
  2. B.Integrating Indian cultural concepts
  3. C.Focusing on clinical therapy
  4. D.Emphasizing neuroscience
97
Which issue was prominent in Indian psychology during the 1990s?
  1. A.Excessive funding
  2. B.Global dominance
  3. C.Overemphasis on social issues
  4. D.Disciplinary identity crisis
98
What marked the emergence of Indian psychology in academia during the 2000s?
  1. A.Rejection of Western models
  2. B.Focus on indigenous psychological frameworks
  3. C.Emphasis on cognitive science
  4. D.Clinical psychology dominance
99
How did the colonial encounter shape Indian psychology?
  1. A.Imposed Western frameworks
  2. B.Promoted indigenous systems
  3. C.Focused on social issues
  4. D.Encouraged spiritual practices
100
What is a key focus of postcolonial psychology in India?
  1. A.Adopting Western models
  2. B.Emphasizing neuroscience
  3. C.Focusing on behaviorism
  4. D.Reclaiming indigenous knowledge