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Latest UP PGT Civics Exam Question (Objective Questions), MCQ in English

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General Studies

Question 1Single Answer

What is the total size of the Uttar Pradesh Budget for 2026–27?

A
₹7,92,696.35 crore
B
₹8,12,696.35 crore
C
₹9,12,696.35 crore
D
₹10,12,696.35 crore

Question 2Single Answer

The Uttar Pradesh Budget 2026–27 is approximately what percentage higher than the Budget Estimates for 2025–26?

A
8.5%
B
12.9%
C
10.2%
D
15.4%

Question 3Single Answer

What amount was allocated for capital expenditure in the UP Budget 2026–27?

A
₹2,48,225.80 crore
B
₹1,48,225.80 crore
C
₹3,48,225.80 crore
D
₹4,48,225.80 crore

Question 4Single Answer

New schemes worth approximately how much were included in the Uttar Pradesh Budget 2026–27?

A
₹23,565.33 crore
B
₹33,565.33 crore
C
₹43,565.33 crore
D
₹53,565.33 crore

Question 5Single Answer

What is the approximate length of the Ganga Expressway inaugurated in Uttar Pradesh in April 2026?

A
394 km
B
494 km
C
694 km
D
594 km

Question 6Single Answer

The Ganga Expressway was inaugurated in which Uttar Pradesh district in April 2026?

A
Agra
B
Jhansi
C
Gorakhpur
D
Hardoi

Question 7Single Answer

Which city became the site of the simultaneous inauguration of Namo Bharat Rapid Rail and Metro services in February 2026?

A
Agra
B
Prayagraj
C
Meerut
D
Varanasi

Question 8Single Answer

The Namo Bharat Rapid Rail and Meerut Metro were inaugurated together in which year?

A
2026
B
2025
C
2024
D
2027

Question 9Single Answer

Which highway project approved in March 2026 connects Barabanki with Bahraich?

A
NH-27
B
NH-927
C
NH-19
D
NH-34

Question 10Single Answer

What is the approximate length of the approved Barabanki–Bahraich access-controlled highway project?

A
51.515 km
B
101.515 km
C
75.515 km
D
151.515 km

Question 11Single Answer

The Barabanki–Bahraich highway project approved in 2026 is to be implemented under which model?

A
EPC only
B
Build-Lease-Transfer
C
Hybrid Annuity Mode
D
State PPP only

Question 12Single Answer

What was the approved cost of the Barabanki–Bahraich NH-927 project?

A
₹4,969.04 crore
B
₹5,969.04 crore
C
₹6,969.04 crore
D
₹7,969.04 crore

Question 13Single Answer

Which Uttar Pradesh city is to receive a 6-lane Greenfield Elevated Corridor connecting NH-19 and its Ring Road?

A
Varanasi
B
Kanpur
C
Meerut
D
Lucknow

Question 14Single Answer

The NH-19–Varanasi Ring Road corridor approved in July 2026 has a total capital cost of approximately?

A
₹10,447.64 crore
B
₹12,447.64 crore
C
₹16,447.64 crore
D
₹14,447.64 crore

Question 15Single Answer

Which riverbank is associated with the elevated NH-31–Varanasi Ring Road corridor approved in July 2026?

A
Yamuna
B
Gomti
C
Varuna
D
Ghaghara

Question 16Single Answer

The Varuna River Bank elevated corridor in Varanasi is approximately how long?

A
23.218 km
B
33.218 km
C
43.218 km
D
53.218 km

Question 17Single Answer

Which road project approved in July 2026 forms part of the Bhopal–Kanpur Economic Corridor?

A
Lucknow–Ayodhya Highway
B
Kanpur–Agra Highway
C
Kanpur–Kabrai Highway
D
Prayagraj–Varanasi Highway

Question 18Single Answer

What is the approximate length of the Kanpur–Kabrai access-controlled highway project?

A
87.7 km
B
117.7 km
C
97.7 km
D
137.7 km

Question 19Single Answer

The Kanpur–Kabrai highway project was approved under which implementation mode?

A
BOT Toll
B
HAM only
C
EPC only
D
DBFOT Annuity

Question 20Single Answer

The greenfield connectivity project to Jewar International Airport approved with revised cost in March 2026 is approximately how long?

A
21.42 km
B
31.42 km
C
41.42 km
D
51.42 km

Question 21Single Answer

Jewar International Airport is officially known as?

A
Uttar Pradesh International Airport
B
Yamuna International Airport
C
Noida International Airport
D
Gautam Buddha International Airport

Question 22Single Answer

Noida International Airport is located in which district?

A
Ghaziabad
B
Bulandshahr
C
Hapur
D
Gautam Buddha Nagar

Question 23Single Answer

Which expressway connects Lucknow and Ghazipur?

A
Bundelkhand Expressway
B
Yamuna Expressway
C
Purvanchal Expressway
D
Agra-Lucknow Expressway

Question 24Single Answer

Bundelkhand Expressway primarily improves connectivity in which region of Uttar Pradesh?

A
Rohilkhand
B
Bundelkhand
C
Awadh
D
Braj

Question 25Single Answer

Which Uttar Pradesh city hosted the Maha Kumbh in 2025?

A
Prayagraj
B
Mathura
C
Ayodhya
D
Varanasi

Question 26Single Answer

The Triveni Sangam at Prayagraj is the confluence of Ganga, Yamuna and which traditionally believed river?

A
Narmada
B
Saraswati
C
Godavari
D
Kaveri

Question 27Single Answer

The Uttar Pradesh Defence Industrial Corridor has how many major nodes?

A
Four
B
Six
C
Five
D
Eight

Question 28Single Answer

Which of the following is a node of the Uttar Pradesh Defence Industrial Corridor?

A
Gorakhpur
B
Bareilly
C
Aligarh
D
Moradabad

Question 29Single Answer

Which city is NOT one of the six major nodes of the Uttar Pradesh Defence Industrial Corridor?

A
Jhansi
B
Chitrakoot
C
Kanpur
D
Saharanpur

Question 30Single Answer

One District One Product, widely associated with Uttar Pradesh, is abbreviated as?

A
OSDP
B
ODPD
C
OPOP
D
ODOP

Concerned Subject (Civics)

Question 31Single Answer

Political Science is primarily concerned with the study of:

A
Physical environment
B
Business management
C
Human anatomy
D
State, government and political relations

Question 32Single Answer

The traditional approach to Political Science mainly emphasized the study of:

A
Political behaviour only
B
Psychological experiments
C
Statistical techniques
D
Formal political institutions

Question 33Single Answer

Who described Political Science as the study of the state in the past, analytical study of the state in the present and politico-ethical discussion of the state in the future?

A
David Easton
B
Karl Marx
C
J. W. Garner
D
Robert Dahl

Question 34Single Answer

Which approach emphasizes the study of actual political behaviour?

A
Historical approach
B
Philosophical approach
C
Legal approach
D
Behavioural approach

Question 35Single Answer

Behaviouralism in Political Science became particularly influential after:

A
First World War
B
Russian Revolution
C
French Revolution
D
Second World War

Question 36Single Answer

Who is closely associated with the systems approach in Political Science?

A
Aristotle
B
David Easton
C
Hobbes
D
Locke

Question 37Single Answer

David Easton defined politics as the:

A
Rule of the strongest
B
Elimination of conflict
C
Study of constitutions
D
Authoritative allocation of values

Question 38Single Answer

The institutional approach to Political Science concentrates mainly on:

A
Formal institutions of government
B
Voting psychology
C
Economic production
D
Cultural anthropology

Question 39Single Answer

The philosophical method in Political Science is mainly concerned with:

A
What ought to be
B
Election statistics
C
Census data
D
Administrative files

Question 40Single Answer

The historical method studies political institutions through their:

A
Chemical composition
B
Historical development
C
Geographical size alone
D
Numerical strength

Question 41Single Answer

Which is generally regarded as an essential element of the state?

A
Religion
B
Political party
C
Population
D
Common language

Question 42Single Answer

The four essential elements of a state are population, territory, government and:

A
Religion
B
Sovereignty
C
Political party
D
Constitution

Question 43Single Answer

Which element distinguishes a state from most other associations?

A
Membership
B
Sovereignty
C
Leadership
D
Property

Question 44Single Answer

A definite territory is considered:

A
A religious requirement
B
An optional feature
C
An economic institution
D
An essential element of the state

Question 45Single Answer

Which statement regarding population of a state is correct?

A
Every state must have exactly one million people
B
Population is unnecessary
C
Population is an essential element but no fixed number is prescribed
D
Only citizens form population

Question 46Single Answer

Government is best understood as:

A
The entire population
B
An international organization
C
A private association
D
The agency through which the will of the state is expressed

Question 47Single Answer

External sovereignty means:

A
Absence of local government
B
Rule by political parties
C
Independence from control by another state
D
Supremacy of courts over legislature

Question 48Single Answer

Internal sovereignty refers to:

A
Supremacy of state authority within its territory
B
Foreign policy alone
C
International treaties only
D
Membership of the United Nations

Question 49Single Answer

Which theory explains the origin of the state as the result of an agreement among individuals?

A
Social contract theory
B
Force theory
C
Divine theory
D
Patriarchal theory

Question 50Single Answer

The Divine Origin Theory holds that the state was created by:

A
Merchants
B
Judges
C
Workers
D
God

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Concerned Subject (Civics)

Question 51Single Answer

The Force Theory explains the state as originating through:

A
Voluntary contract
B
Divine revelation
C
Conquest and domination
D
Economic equality

Question 52Single Answer

According to the Patriarchal Theory, the state developed from the:

A
Factory
B
Church
C
Family
D
Market

Question 53Single Answer

The evolutionary theory of the origin of the state regards the state as:

A
Created at one specific moment
B
Entirely divine
C
A product of gradual historical development
D
Entirely artificial

Question 54Single Answer

Which thinker is associated with the social contract theory?

A
Bentham only
B
Austin
C
Rousseau
D
Laski only

Question 55Single Answer

Hobbes, Locke and Rousseau are commonly grouped as:

A
Social contract theorists
B
Anarchists
C
Fascists
D
Idealists only

Question 56Single Answer

The term sovereignty was systematically developed in early modern political thought by:

A
Mao
B
Gandhi
C
Jean Bodin
D
Manu

Question 57Single Answer

Jean Bodin regarded sovereignty as:

A
Temporary power
B
Local authority
C
Judicial advice
D
Absolute and perpetual power of the commonwealth

Question 58Single Answer

The command theory of sovereignty is chiefly associated with:

A
Rousseau
B
John Austin
C
Marx
D
Mill

Question 59Single Answer

According to Austin, law is:

A
Custom without sanction
B
Religious teaching only
C
Moral advice
D
Command of the determinate human superior backed by sanction

Question 60Single Answer

Austin's theory of sovereignty is generally described as:

A
Pluralistic
B
Monistic
C
Anarchistic
D
Federalist

Question 61Single Answer

Which thinker is associated with pluralistic criticism of sovereignty?

A
Thomas Hobbes
B
John Austin
C
Harold Laski
D
Jean Bodin

Question 62Single Answer

The pluralist theory argues that sovereignty should be understood as:

A
Power distributed among various associations
B
Unlimited power concentrated in one authority
C
Rule by monarchy only
D
Absence of associations

Question 63Single Answer

Which scholar was an important pluralist thinker?

A
Machiavelli
B
Mussolini
C
G. d H. Cole
D
Bodin

Question 64Single Answer

Legal sovereignty refers to:

A
Religious authority
B
Power recognized by law as supreme
C
Military command alone
D
Public opinion alone

Question 65Single Answer

Political sovereignty ultimately refers to:

A
Formal law-making body only
B
Bureaucracy alone
C
Judiciary alone
D
Political forces behind the legal sovereign

Question 66Single Answer

De facto sovereignty means sovereignty:

A
Exercised by foreign countries
B
Recognized only by constitution
C
Exercised by judiciary
D
Exercised in actual practice

Question 67Single Answer

De jure sovereignty means sovereignty:

A
Based on legal right
B
Based only on force
C
Without legal recognition
D
Exercised by mobs

Question 68Single Answer

Popular sovereignty means ultimate authority rests with:

A
King
B
Judiciary
C
People
D
Army

Question 69Single Answer

Which principle is central to democracy?

A
Popular sovereignty
B
Hereditary government
C
Absolute monarchy
D
One-person rule

Question 70Single Answer

Sovereignty is traditionally characterized as:

A
Voluntary membership
B
Temporary advice
C
Supreme authority
D
Religious custom

Question 71Single Answer

Which is a source of law?

A
Custom
B
Legislation
C
All of the above
D
Judicial precedent

Question 72Single Answer

Law made by the legislature is known as:

A
Customary law
B
Divine law
C
Statutory law
D
Personal morality

Question 73Single Answer

A judicial precedent is created primarily through:

A
Decisions of political parties
B
Decisions of courts
C
Religious ceremonies
D
Public meetings

Question 74Single Answer

Custom becomes a source of law when it is:

A
Habitual and recognized as binding
B
Secret
C
Temporary
D
Contrary to every legal norm

Question 75Single Answer

The main distinction between law and morality is that law generally possesses:

A
No obligation
B
No social relevance
C
No rules
D
State sanction

Question 76Single Answer

Morality primarily regulates conduct through:

A
Conscience and social approval
B
Police force only
C
Legislature alone
D
International agencies

Question 77Single Answer

Which statement best describes the relationship between law and morality?

A
They are always identical
B
Morality always has state sanction
C
They are completely unrelated in all situations
D
They may overlap but are not identical

Question 78Single Answer

Positive law refers generally to law:

A
Unrelated to institutions
B
Based only on personal preference
C
Existing only in imagination
D
Enacted or recognized by political authority

Question 79Single Answer

Natural law theory emphasizes:

A
Election results
B
Orders of a dictator only
C
Moral principles inherent in reason or nature
D
Administrative circulars only

Question 80Single Answer

Liberty in political theory generally means:

A
Conditions enabling individuals to develop and act within reasonable restraints
B
Absence of all restraints whatsoever
C
Rule by army
D
Economic monopoly

Question 81Single Answer

Negative liberty emphasizes:

A
Absence of external interference
B
State ownership of everything
C
Judicial dictatorship
D
Political equality alone

Question 82Single Answer

Positive liberty emphasizes:

A
Censorship
B
Complete absence of government
C
Hereditary privileges
D
Capacity for self-development and self-mastery

Question 83Single Answer

The distinction between positive and negative liberty is strongly associated with:

A
Isaiah Berlin
B
Lenin
C
Aristotle
D
Kautilya

Question 84Single Answer

Civil liberty relates primarily to:

A
Military alliances
B
Foreign trade
C
Freedoms enjoyed by individuals under law
D
Administrative secrecy

Question 85Single Answer

Political liberty includes the right to:

A
Participate in government
B
Ignore all laws
C
Possess unlimited wealth
D
Avoid all civic duties

Question 86Single Answer

Equality before law means:

A
Identical income for everyone
B
No laws
C
Equal application of law without arbitrary discrimination
D
Rule by judges

Question 87Single Answer

Political equality primarily implies:

A
Equal opportunity for political participation
B
Equal physical strength
C
Equal occupation
D
Equal intelligence

Question 88Single Answer

Social equality opposes:

A
Arbitrary social discrimination
B
Voting rights
C
Education
D
Freedom of speech

Question 89Single Answer

Economic equality generally seeks:

A
Reduction of extreme economic inequalities
B
Abolition of every personal possession
C
Political dictatorship
D
Elimination of trade

Question 90Single Answer

Liberty and equality are generally regarded in democratic theory as:

A
Necessarily contradictory
B
Complementary when properly balanced
C
Completely unrelated
D
Relevant only to monarchies

Question 91Single Answer

A right may be defined as:

A
A military command
B
Any personal desire
C
An illegal privilege
D
A socially recognized claim essential for development

Question 92Single Answer

Rights imply corresponding:

A
Duties
B
Monopolies
C
Wars
D
Taxes only

Question 93Single Answer

Natural rights theory is prominently associated with:

A
Mussolini
B
John Locke
C
Stalin
D
Austin

Question 94Single Answer

Locke identified natural rights as:

A
War, conquest and property
B
Equality, fraternity and dictatorship
C
Food, clothing and taxation
D
Life, liberty and property

Question 95Single Answer

Legal rights are those rights which are:

A
Granted by foreign countries
B
Based only on habits
C
Recognized and protected by law
D
Unknown to the state

Question 96Single Answer

Moral rights depend primarily on:

A
Election commissions
B
Police force
C
Military authority
D
Ethical principles and social conscience

Question 97Single Answer

Civil rights generally protect:

A
Diplomatic privileges only
B
Foreign armies
C
Monarchical inheritance
D
Individual freedom in society

Question 98Single Answer

Political rights allow citizens to:

A
Break laws
B
Participate in political processes
C
Avoid taxation permanently
D
Control courts personally

Question 99Single Answer

Social and economic rights include claims relating to:

A
Censorship
B
Foreign conquest
C
Dynastic succession
D
Education and livelihood

Question 100Single Answer

Justice is most broadly associated with:

A
Fairness
B
Arbitrary rule
C
Privilege
D
Violence

Question 101Single Answer

Distributive justice concerns:

A
Foreign treaties
B
Military administration
C
Criminal investigation only
D
Fair distribution of benefits and burdens

Question 102Single Answer

Procedural justice emphasizes:

A
Equal wealth in every case
B
Fairness of decision-making procedures
C
Military power
D
Monarchy

Question 103Single Answer

Social justice seeks particularly to:

A
Abolish all institutions
B
Reduce unjust social inequalities
C
Establish hereditary rule
D
Eliminate law

Question 104Single Answer

John Rawls is famous for the theory of:

A
Divine kingship
B
Justice as fairness
C
Fascism
D
Anarchism

Question 105Single Answer

Rawls's hypothetical original position includes the:

A
Veil of ignorance
B
Divine right of kings
C
Dictatorship of proletariat
D
General will

Question 106Single Answer

Individualism places primary emphasis on:

A
Absolute state control
B
Individual freedom and autonomy
C
Military organization
D
Hereditary status

Question 107Single Answer

Classical liberalism traditionally supports:

A
Totalitarian control
B
Limited government
C
One-party dictatorship
D
Abolition of private choice

Question 108Single Answer

Liberalism historically emphasizes:

A
Racial supremacy
B
Liberty and constitutional government
C
Absolute monarchy
D
Political violence

Question 109Single Answer

Modern liberalism differs from classical liberalism by giving greater emphasis to:

A
Military dictatorship
B
Abolition of elections
C
Welfare functions of the state
D
Divine authority

Question 110Single Answer

Idealist political theory generally views the state as:

A
A commercial company
B
An unnecessary evil only
C
A moral institution
D
A temporary election body

Question 111Single Answer

Which thinker is associated with British idealism?

A
Mao
B
Lenin
C
Bakunin
D
T. H. Green

Question 112Single Answer

Anarchism seeks ultimately the:

A
Expansion of bureaucracy
B
Strengthening of absolute monarchy
C
Establishment of fascism
D
Abolition of coercive state authority

Question 113Single Answer

Which thinker is associated with anarchism?

A
Jean Bodin
B
Mikhail Bakunin
C
Austin
D
Mussolini

Question 114Single Answer

Fascism arose prominently in:

A
Canada
B
India
C
Italy
D
Switzerland

Question 115Single Answer

Fascism is associated historically with:

A
John Locke
B
Benito Mussolini
C
Gandhi
D
Mill

Question 116Single Answer

Fascist ideology emphasizes:

A
Authoritarian nationalism
B
Liberal individualism
C
Stateless society
D
Parliamentary supremacy alone

Question 117Single Answer

Scientific socialism is primarily associated with:

A
Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels
B
Hobbes and Locke
C
Plato and Aristotle
D
Gandhi and Nehru

Question 118Single Answer

Marx regarded history primarily as the history of:

A
Class struggles
B
Religious rituals
C
Royal families
D
Judicial precedents

Question 119Single Answer

According to Marx, the economic base influences the:

A
Biological system
B
Weather
C
Geography
D
Political and ideological superstructure

Question 120Single Answer

The concept of surplus value is associated with:

A
Rousseau
B
Karl Marx
C
Locke
D
Montesquieu

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Latest UP PGT Civics Exam Question (Objective Questions), MCQ in English

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