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Objective Questions

Latest UPPCB Assistant Scientific Officer Exam Question (Objective Questions), MCQ in English

Subjects : Environmental Sciences, General Aptitude

Question Bank UPPCB Assistant Scientific Officer (ASO) Exam - English
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Environmental Sciences

Question 1Single Answer
Environmental science is best described as which type of discipline?
  1. A
    Multidisciplinary
  2. B
    Single discipline
  3. C
    Purely biological
  4. D
    Purely chemical
Question 2Single Answer
The study of interactions between organisms and their environment is called?
  1. A
    Ecology
  2. B
    Genetics
  3. C
    Botany
  4. D
    Zoology
Question 3Single Answer
The most abundant gas in Earth’s atmosphere is?
  1. A
    Nitrogen
  2. B
    Oxygen
  3. C
    Carbon dioxide
  4. D
    Argon
Question 4Single Answer
The approximate percentage of oxygen in the atmosphere is?
  1. A
    21%
  2. B
    10%
  3. C
    35%
  4. D
    50%
Question 5Single Answer
Which gas is primarily responsible for the greenhouse effect?
  1. A
    Oxygen
  2. B
    Carbon dioxide
  3. C
    Nitrogen
  4. D
    Helium
Question 6Single Answer
The lowest layer of the atmosphere where weather occurs is?
  1. A
    Stratosphere
  2. B
    Troposphere
  3. C
    Mesosphere
  4. D
    Thermosphere
Question 7Single Answer
Ozone layer is mainly found in which atmospheric layer?
  1. A
    Stratosphere
  2. B
    Troposphere
  3. C
    Mesosphere
  4. D
    Exosphere
Question 8Single Answer
Photochemical smog mainly forms due to reactions of sunlight with?
  1. A
    CO₂ and O₂
  2. B
    NOx and hydrocarbons
  3. C
    SO₂ and CO₂
  4. D
    O₂ and N₂
Question 9Single Answer
Acid rain mainly contains which acids?
  1. A
    Hydrochloric and nitric
  2. B
    Phosphoric and nitric
  3. C
    Carbonic and sulfuric
  4. D
    Sulfuric and nitric
Question 10Single Answer
The pH of pure water at 25°C is?
  1. A
    5
  2. B
    6
  3. C
    7
  4. D
    8
Question 11Single Answer
The process of removal of oxygen from nitrate to nitrogen gas by bacteria is called?
  1. A
    Nitrification
  2. B
    Nitrogen fixation
  3. C
    Ammonification
  4. D
    Denitrification
Question 12Single Answer
The conversion of ammonia to nitrate is known as?
  1. A
    Fixation
  2. B
    Denitrification
  3. C
    Nitrification
  4. D
    Mineralization
Question 13Single Answer
Organisms without a membrane-bound nucleus are called?
  1. A
    Eukaryotes
  2. B
    Prokaryotes
  3. C
    Multicellular organisms
  4. D
    Protozoa
Question 14Single Answer
Which of the following is a prokaryotic organism?
  1. A
    Bacteria
  2. B
    Algae
  3. C
    Fungi
  4. D
    Protozoa
Question 15Single Answer
Organisms having membrane-bound nucleus are?
  1. A
    Prokaryotes
  2. B
    Eukaryotes
  3. C
    Bacteria
  4. D
    Cyanobacteria
Question 16Single Answer
Which microorganism group is primarily responsible for decomposition of organic matter?
  1. A
    Viruses
  2. B
    Bacteria and fungi
  3. C
    Algae
  4. D
    Protozoa
Question 17Single Answer
The carbon cycle mainly involves exchange of carbon between atmosphere and?
  1. A
    All of the above
  2. B
    Biosphere
  3. C
    Hydrosphere
  4. D
    Lithosphere
Question 18Single Answer
The primary source of atmospheric carbon dioxide is?
  1. A
    Photosynthesis
  2. B
    Respiration and combustion
  3. C
    Nitrogen fixation
  4. D
    Weathering
Question 19Single Answer
Which process removes CO₂ from the atmosphere?
  1. A
    Respiration
  2. B
    Combustion
  3. C
    Photosynthesis
  4. D
    Fermentation
Question 20Single Answer
Nitrogen fixation converts nitrogen gas into?
  1. A
    Ammonia
  2. B
    Nitrate
  3. C
    Nitric acid
  4. D
    Nitrous oxide
Question 21Single Answer
Which microorganism is commonly used in biological nitrogen fixation?
  1. A
    Rhizobium
  2. B
    Bacillus
  3. C
    Clostridium
  4. D
    Pseudomonas
Question 22Single Answer
The Gibbs free energy symbol is?
  1. A
    H
  2. B
    S
  3. C
    U
  4. D
    G
Question 23Single Answer
If ΔG is negative, the reaction is?
  1. A
    Non-spontaneous
  2. B
    Spontaneous
  3. C
    Reversible
  4. D
    Impossible
Question 24Single Answer
Chemical equilibrium occurs when?
  1. A
    Forward and reverse reactions occur at same rate
  2. B
    Reaction stops completely
  3. C
    Only forward reaction occurs
  4. D
    Only reverse reaction occurs
Question 25Single Answer
The equilibrium constant is represented by?
  1. A
    C
  2. B
    E
  3. C
    K
  4. D
    P
Question 26Single Answer
The unit of chemical potential is?
  1. A
    Watt
  2. B
    Joule/mol
  3. C
    Pascal
  4. D
    Coulomb
Question 27Single Answer
Stoichiometry deals with?
  1. A
    Reaction rates
  2. B
    Heat transfer
  3. C
    Quantitative relationship of reactants and products
  4. D
    Atomic structure
Question 28Single Answer
The law of conservation of mass was proposed by?
  1. A
    Lavoisier
  2. B
    Dalton
  3. C
    Avogadro
  4. D
    Boyle
Question 29Single Answer
One mole of a substance contains how many particles?
  1. A
    3.022 × 10²³
  2. B
    6.022 × 10²³
  3. C
    1.022 × 10²³
  4. D
    9.022 × 10²³
Question 30Single Answer
Avogadro’s number represents?
  1. A
    Atomic radius
  2. B
    Atomic weight
  3. C
    Molecular weight
  4. D
    Number of atoms in 1 mole
Question 31Single Answer
The major component of biogas is?
  1. A
    CO₂
  2. B
    Oxygen
  3. C
    Hydrogen
  4. D
    Methane
Question 32Single Answer
The major source of soil nitrogen is?
  1. A
    Soil minerals
  2. B
    Rainwater
  3. C
    Atmospheric nitrogen fixation
  4. D
    Rocks
Question 33Single Answer
Phosphorus cycle mainly occurs in?
  1. A
    Atmosphere
  2. B
    Only atmosphere
  3. C
    Lithosphere and hydrosphere
  4. D
    Only biosphere
Question 34Single Answer
Blue-green algae are actually?
  1. A
    Algae
  2. B
    Bacteria
  3. C
    Fungi
  4. D
    Protozoa
Question 35Single Answer
Cyanobacteria play an important role in?
  1. A
    Carbon fixation
  2. B
    Sulfur oxidation
  3. C
    Nitrogen fixation
  4. D
    Fermentation
Question 36Single Answer
Which microorganism is used in sewage treatment?
  1. A
    Bacteria
  2. B
    Algae
  3. C
    Viruses
  4. D
    Protozoa
Question 37Single Answer
The process of organic matter breakdown by microbes is called?
  1. A
    Decomposition
  2. B
    Fermentation
  3. C
    Oxidation
  4. D
    Reduction
Question 38Single Answer
Biological oxygen demand (BOD) measures?
  1. A
    Oxygen in atmosphere
  2. B
    Oxygen in soil
  3. C
    Oxygen required by microbes to degrade organic matter
  4. D
    Dissolved oxygen in air
Question 39Single Answer
High BOD indicates?
  1. A
    Clean water
  2. B
    Neutral water
  3. C
    High oxygen content
  4. D
    High pollution
Question 40Single Answer
Dissolved oxygen in clean water is usually?
  1. A
    High
  2. B
    Low
  3. C
    Zero
  4. D
    Negative
Question 41Single Answer
The main greenhouse gas produced by wetlands is?
  1. A
    Hydrogen
  2. B
    Oxygen
  3. C
    Nitrogen
  4. D
    Methane
Question 42Single Answer
Microorganisms that thrive at high temperatures are?
  1. A
    Psychrophiles
  2. B
    Mesophiles
  3. C
    Thermophiles
  4. D
    Halophiles
Question 43Single Answer
Microorganisms that grow in cold environments are?
  1. A
    Psychrophiles
  2. B
    Thermophiles
  3. C
    Mesophiles
  4. D
    Acidophiles
Question 44Single Answer
The major gas responsible for ozone depletion is?
  1. A
    CO₂
  2. B
    O₂
  3. C
    CFCs
  4. D
    N₂
Question 45Single Answer
The chemical formula of ozone is?
  1. A
    O₂
  2. B
    O₃
  3. C
    O₄
  4. D
    O
Question 46Single Answer
The major form of phosphorus in soil is?
  1. A
    Phosphoric acid
  2. B
    Phosphite
  3. C
    Phosphine
  4. D
    Phosphate
Question 47Single Answer
The process of converting organic nitrogen into ammonia is?
  1. A
    Ammonification
  2. B
    Denitrification
  3. C
    Nitrification
  4. D
    Fixation
Question 48Single Answer
Which microorganism converts ammonia to nitrite?
  1. A
    Rhizobium
  2. B
    Nitrobacter
  3. C
    Nitrosomonas
  4. D
    Bacillus
Question 49Single Answer
Which microorganism converts nitrite to nitrate?
  1. A
    Nitrosomonas
  2. B
    Rhizobium
  3. C
    Nitrobacter
  4. D
    Clostridium
Question 50Single Answer
The most common solvent in environmental chemistry is?
  1. A
    Alcohol
  2. B
    Water
  3. C
    Ether
  4. D
    Benzene
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