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Latest WBSSC SLST Higher Secondary Assistant Teacher Sociology Exam Question (Objective Questions), MCQ in English

Subjects : Sociology

Question Bank WBSSC SLST Higher Secondary Assistant Teacher (Sociology) Exam - English
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Sociology

Question 1Single Answer
What concept did Comte consider the highest stage of human thought in his "Law of Three Stages"?
  1. A
    Theological
  2. B
    Metaphysical
  3. C
    Positive or Scientific
  4. D
    Theocratic
Question 2Single Answer
According to Comte, which science stands highest in the hierarchy of sciences?
  1. A
    Physics
  2. B
    Biology
  3. C
    Sociology
  4. D
    Mathematics
Question 3Single Answer
What term did Comte use to describe forces that maintain social order?
  1. A
    Social Dynamics
  2. B
    Social Statics
  3. C
    Social Mechanisms
  4. D
    Social Tensions
Question 4Single Answer
Which dimension did Comte propose as responsible for social change?
  1. A
    Social Dynamics
  2. B
    Social Statics
  3. C
    Organic Solidarity
  4. D
    Collective Conscience
Question 5Single Answer
Herbert Spencer compared society to what?
  1. A
    A machine
  2. B
    An organism
  3. C
    A building
  4. D
    A market
Question 6Single Answer
Spencer’s stage theory of social evolution included which of the following?
  1. A
    Military – Theocratic – Democratic
  2. B
    Simple – Compound – Doubly Compound – Trebly Compound
  3. C
    Agrarian – Industrial – Information
  4. D
    Rural – Urban – Postmodern
Question 7Single Answer
What did Durkheim call phenomena which exert external constraint on individuals?
  1. A
    Collective Force
  2. B
    Social Will
  3. C
    Social Facts
  4. D
    Social Norms
Question 8Single Answer
Emile Durkheim’s main work on suicide concluded that suicidal behavior is influenced primarily by:
  1. A
    Individual psychopathy
  2. B
    Social integration and regulation
  3. C
    Biological predisposition
  4. D
    Economic conditions
Question 9Single Answer
Durkheim’s "Elementary Forms of Religious Life" sees religion as a source of:
  1. A
    Social integration and solidarity
  2. B
    Economic exploitation
  3. C
    Individual sin
  4. D
    Political rebellion
Question 10Single Answer
Max Weber’s typology of social action includes all EXCEPT:
  1. A
    Traditional
  2. B
    Affectional
  3. C
    Instrumental-rational
  4. D
    Collective-rational
Question 11Single Answer
According to Weber, which form of authority rests on belief in legal-rational rules?
  1. A
    Traditional
  2. B
    Charismatic
  3. C
    Legal-rational
  4. D
    Elder
Question 12Single Answer
"The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism" argued that Protestant values contributed to:
  1. A
    Capitalist motivation
  2. B
    Socialist organization
  3. C
    Eastern spirituality
  4. D
    Theocratic states
Question 13Single Answer
Marx defined alienation primarily as:
  1. A
    Political oppression
  2. B
    Estrangement of workers from their labor
  3. C
    Religious extremism
  4. D
    Economic rationalism
Question 14Single Answer
According to Marx, which stage follows feudalism in his historical materialism schema?
  1. A
    Capitalism
  2. B
    Socialism
  3. C
    Tribalism
  4. D
    Communism
Question 15Single Answer
For Marx, the socialist revolution results from which of the following?
  1. A
    Political elections
  2. B
    Class struggle
  3. C
    Moral transformation
  4. D
    Religious reform
Question 16Single Answer
Pareto described "residues" as:
  1. A
    Rational, logical human motives
  2. B
    Elementary persistent sentiments
  3. C
    Wrong beliefs
  4. D
    Alienated groups
Question 17Single Answer
In Pareto’s theory, “derivations” refer to:
  1. A
    Logical formulations to justify residues
  2. B
    Revolutionaries
  3. C
    Pure reason
  4. D
    Religious doctrines
Question 18Single Answer
Pareto’s theory of “circulation of elites” states:
  1. A
    Society is static with a fixed elite
  2. B
    Elites are replaced over time by other elites
  3. C
    Workers become elites
  4. D
    Elites distribute wealth to masses
Question 19Single Answer
Weber believed bureaucracy is the embodiment of which type of authority?
  1. A
    Traditional
  2. B
    Charismatic
  3. C
    Legal-rational
  4. D
    Educational
Question 20Single Answer
What did Emile Durkheim regard as the basis of the collective conscience?
  1. A
    Rational action
  2. B
    Religious beliefs and moral sentiments
  3. C
    Economic productivity
  4. D
    Technological innovation
Question 21Single Answer
According to Weber, which type of action is determined by the actor’s rational consideration of goals and means?
  1. A
    Traditional action
  2. B
    Value-rational action
  3. C
    Instrumental-rational action
  4. D
    Affective action
Question 22Single Answer
What concept did Karl Marx use to explain the structure of society in terms of economic relationships?
  1. A
    Social fact
  2. B
    Class consciousness
  3. C
    Mode of production
  4. D
    Anomie
Question 23Single Answer
Which of the following thinkers is associated with the concept of “anomie”?
  1. A
    Max Weber
  2. B
    Karl Marx
  3. C
    Herbert Spencer
  4. D
    Emile Durkheim
Question 24Single Answer
What does Durkheim mean by "mechanical solidarity"?
  1. A
    Solidarity based on shared values and beliefs in traditional societies
  2. B
    Solidarity formed through the division of labor
  3. C
    A type of legal authority
  4. D
    An industrial economic relationship
Question 25Single Answer
According to Marx, the “bourgeoisie” refers to which group?
  1. A
    Working class
  2. B
    Land-owning peasants
  3. C
    Capitalist class
  4. D
    Religious clergy
Question 26Single Answer
What was the primary focus of Pareto’s sociological work?
  1. A
    Class conflict
  2. B
    Circulation of elites and irrational actions
  3. C
    Bureaucratic systems
  4. D
    Suicide rates
Question 27Single Answer
In Marx’s historical materialism, the economic base determines what?
  1. A
    The individual’s moral development
  2. B
    The superstructure (law, politics, ideology)
  3. C
    Religious devotion
  4. D
    Psychological orientation
Question 28Single Answer
Weber believed “rationalization” leads to what kind of modern society?
  1. A
    Charismatic
  2. B
    Disorganized
  3. C
    Bureaucratic and efficient
  4. D
    Tribal and mechanical
Question 29Single Answer
According to Comte, what science would unify the study of humanity and society?
  1. A
    Biology
  2. B
    Economics
  3. C
    Sociology
  4. D
    Psychology
Question 30Single Answer
Durkheim’s classification of suicide includes which of the following types?
  1. A
    Social, biological, religious
  2. B
    Altruistic, egoistic, anomic, fatalistic
  3. C
    Rational, emotional, moral
  4. D
    Revolutionary, spiritual, personal
Question 31Single Answer
Which sociologist emphasized the methodological importance of “ideal types”?
  1. A
    Karl Marx
  2. B
    Max Weber
  3. C
    Auguste Comte
  4. D
    Vilfredo Pareto
Question 32Single Answer
What is alienation according to Marx?
  1. A
    Disconnection from religion
  2. B
    Disengagement from politics
  3. C
    Estrangement from work, product, and self
  4. D
    Loss of community feeling
Question 33Single Answer
Which sociologist introduced the idea of “social evolution” by drawing from biology?
  1. A
    Emile Durkheim
  2. B
    Max Weber
  3. C
    Herbert Spencer
  4. D
    Auguste Comte
Question 34Single Answer
Weber’s view of history emphasized what over material forces?
  1. A
    Technological factors
  2. B
    Cultural and religious ideas
  3. C
    Military conquest
  4. D
    Climate change
Question 35Single Answer
Which thinker is most associated with the scientific method in sociology?
  1. A
    Karl Marx
  2. B
    Max Weber
  3. C
    Auguste Comte
  4. D
    Vilfredo Pareto
Question 36Single Answer
In Durkheim’s view, religion functions primarily to?
  1. A
    Promote capitalism
  2. B
    Regulate moral behavior
  3. C
    Enhance the economy
  4. D
    Ensure political dominance
Question 37Single Answer
Who first used the term “sociology”?
  1. A
    Herbert Spencer
  2. B
    Emile Durkheim
  3. C
    Auguste Comte
  4. D
    Max Weber
Question 38Single Answer
Pareto’s idea of “logical” and “non-logical” actions highlights what aspect of human behavior?
  1. A
    All human actions are logical
  2. B
    Most actions are non-logical and driven by sentiments
  3. C
    Behavior is biologically determined
  4. D
    Humans act only through economic motivations
Question 39Single Answer
What is Weber’s “Protestant Ethic” thesis mainly concerned with?
  1. A
    Religious salvation
  2. B
    Capitalist economic development influenced by Protestant values
  3. C
    Decline of religion in modern society
  4. D
    Role of Catholicism in feudal society
Question 40Single Answer
What is the main feature of Durkheim’s methodology in sociology?
  1. A
    Dialectical analysis
  2. B
    Historical materialism
  3. C
    Objective observation and social facts
  4. D
    Empathetic understanding
Question 41Single Answer
According to Weber, what is “Verstehen”?
  1. A
    Value judgment
  2. B
    Structural explanation
  3. C
    Interpretive understanding of social action
  4. D
    Scientific measurement
Question 42Single Answer
In which work did Durkheim introduce the concept of “social fact”?
  1. A
    Rules of Sociological Method
  2. B
    Suicide
  3. C
    The Division of Labour in Society
  4. D
    Elementary Forms of Religious Life
Question 43Single Answer
What is “fatalistic suicide” in Durkheim’s classification?
  1. A
    Suicide from excessive freedom
  2. B
    Suicide due to insufficient integration
  3. C
    Suicide due to overregulation and oppressive discipline
  4. D
    Suicide among revolutionaries
Question 44Single Answer
Which sociologist proposed that society progresses through “military” to “industrial” stages?
  1. A
    Emile Durkheim
  2. B
    Auguste Comte
  3. C
    Max Weber
  4. D
    Herbert Spencer
Question 45Single Answer
Marx’s concept of “class struggle” occurs between which two classes in capitalism?
  1. A
    Feudal lords and peasants
  2. B
    Proletariat and bourgeoisie
  3. C
    Priests and nobles
  4. D
    Capitalists and landlords
Question 46Single Answer
Which concept is central to Weber’s theory of bureaucracy?
  1. A
    Traditional authority
  2. B
    Impersonal rules and hierarchy
  3. C
    Collective consciousness
  4. D
    Elite domination
Question 47Single Answer
For Pareto, what determines social change?
  1. A
    Class revolution
  2. B
    Religious awakening
  3. C
    Circulation of elites
  4. D
    Technological advancement
Question 48Single Answer
What does Durkheim mean by “organic solidarity”?
  1. A
    Similarity in traditional societies
  2. B
    Mutual interdependence in complex societies
  3. C
    Collective worship
  4. D
    Moral discipline
Question 49Single Answer
According to Comte, metaphysical stage is characterized by what type of reasoning?
  1. A
    Scientific observation
  2. B
    Supernatural beliefs
  3. C
    Abstract and philosophical
  4. D
    Empirical analysis
Question 50Single Answer
What kind of action is driven by emotions according to Weber?
  1. A
    Value-rational
  2. B
    Instrumental-rational
  3. C
    Traditional
  4. D
    Affective
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